---
comments: true
description: Explore the Caltech-256 dataset, featuring 30,000 images across 257 categories, ideal for training and testing object recognition algorithms.
keywords: Caltech-256 dataset, object classification, image dataset, machine learning, computer vision, deep learning, YOLO, training dataset
---
# Caltech-256 Dataset
The [Caltech-256](https://data.caltech.edu/records/nyy15-4j048) dataset is an extensive collection of images used for object classification tasks. It contains around 30,000 images divided into 257 categories (256 object categories and 1 background category). The images are carefully curated and annotated to provide a challenging and diverse benchmark for object recognition algorithms.
Watch: How to Train Image Classification Model using Caltech-256 Dataset with Ultralytics HUB
## Key Features
- The Caltech-256 dataset comprises around 30,000 color images divided into 257 categories.
- Each category contains a minimum of 80 images.
- The categories encompass a wide variety of real-world objects, including animals, vehicles, household items, and people.
- Images are of variable sizes and resolutions.
- Caltech-256 is widely used for training and testing in the field of machine learning, particularly for object recognition tasks.
## Dataset Structure
Like Caltech-101, the Caltech-256 dataset does not have a formal split between training and testing sets. Users typically create their own splits according to their specific needs. A common practice is to use a random subset of images for training and the remaining images for testing.
## Applications
The Caltech-256 dataset is extensively used for training and evaluating [deep learning](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/deep-learning-dl) models in object recognition tasks, such as [Convolutional Neural Networks](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/convolutional-neural-network-cnn) (CNNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and various other machine learning algorithms. Its diverse set of categories and high-quality images make it an invaluable dataset for research and development in the field of machine learning and [computer vision](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/computer-vision-cv).
## Usage
To train a YOLO model on the Caltech-256 dataset for 100 epochs, you can use the following code snippets. For a comprehensive list of available arguments, refer to the model [Training](../../modes/train.md) page.
!!! example "Train Example"
=== "Python"
```python
from ultralytics import YOLO
# Load a model
model = YOLO("yolo11n-cls.pt") # load a pretrained model (recommended for training)
# Train the model
results = model.train(data="caltech256", epochs=100, imgsz=416)
```
=== "CLI"
```bash
# Start training from a pretrained *.pt model
yolo classify train data=caltech256 model=yolo11n-cls.pt epochs=100 imgsz=416
```
## Sample Images and Annotations
The Caltech-256 dataset contains high-quality color images of various objects, providing a comprehensive dataset for object recognition tasks. Here are some examples of images from the dataset ([credit](https://ml4a.github.io/demos/tsne_viewer.html)):
![Dataset sample image](https://github.com/ultralytics/docs/releases/download/0/caltech256-sample-image.avif)
The example showcases the diversity and complexity of the objects in the Caltech-256 dataset, emphasizing the importance of a varied dataset for training robust object recognition models.
## Citations and Acknowledgments
If you use the Caltech-256 dataset in your research or development work, please cite the following paper:
!!! quote ""
=== "BibTeX"
```bibtex
@article{griffin2007caltech,
title={Caltech-256 object category dataset},
author={Griffin, Gregory and Holub, Alex and Perona, Pietro},
year={2007}
}
```
We would like to acknowledge Gregory Griffin, Alex Holub, and Pietro Perona for creating and maintaining the Caltech-256 dataset as a valuable resource for the [machine learning](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/machine-learning-ml) and computer vision research community. For more information about the
Caltech-256 dataset and its creators, visit the [Caltech-256 dataset website](https://data.caltech.edu/records/nyy15-4j048).
## FAQ
### What is the Caltech-256 dataset and why is it important for machine learning?
The [Caltech-256](https://data.caltech.edu/records/nyy15-4j048) dataset is a large image dataset used primarily for object classification tasks in machine learning and computer vision. It consists of around 30,000 color images divided into 257 categories, covering a wide range of real-world objects. The dataset's diverse and high-quality images make it an excellent benchmark for evaluating object recognition algorithms, which is crucial for developing robust machine learning models.
### How can I train a YOLO model on the Caltech-256 dataset using Python or CLI?
To train a YOLO model on the Caltech-256 dataset for 100 [epochs](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/epoch), you can use the following code snippets. Refer to the model [Training](../../modes/train.md) page for additional options.
!!! example "Train Example"
=== "Python"
```python
from ultralytics import YOLO
# Load a model
model = YOLO("yolo11n-cls.pt") # load a pretrained model
# Train the model
results = model.train(data="caltech256", epochs=100, imgsz=416)
```
=== "CLI"
```bash
# Start training from a pretrained *.pt model
yolo classify train data=caltech256 model=yolo11n-cls.pt epochs=100 imgsz=416
```
### What are the most common use cases for the Caltech-256 dataset?
The Caltech-256 dataset is widely used for various object recognition tasks such as:
- Training Convolutional [Neural Networks](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/neural-network-nn) (CNNs)
- Evaluating the performance of [Support Vector Machines](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/support-vector-machine-svm) (SVMs)
- Benchmarking new deep learning algorithms
- Developing [object detection](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/object-detection) models using frameworks like Ultralytics YOLO
Its diversity and comprehensive annotations make it ideal for research and development in machine learning and computer vision.
### How is the Caltech-256 dataset structured and split for training and testing?
The Caltech-256 dataset does not come with a predefined split for training and testing. Users typically create their own splits according to their specific needs. A common approach is to randomly select a subset of images for training and use the remaining images for testing. This flexibility allows users to tailor the dataset to their specific project requirements and experimental setups.
### Why should I use Ultralytics YOLO for training models on the Caltech-256 dataset?
Ultralytics YOLO models offer several advantages for training on the Caltech-256 dataset:
- **High Accuracy**: YOLO models are known for their state-of-the-art performance in object detection tasks.
- **Speed**: They provide real-time inference capabilities, making them suitable for applications requiring quick predictions.
- **Ease of Use**: With Ultralytics HUB, users can train, validate, and deploy models without extensive coding.
- **Pretrained Models**: Starting from pretrained models, like `yolo11n-cls.pt`, can significantly reduce training time and improve model [accuracy](https://www.ultralytics.com/glossary/accuracy).
For more details, explore our [comprehensive training guide](../../modes/train.md).