Implement IComparable<Duration> for the Duration type (C#)

Note that unlike Timestamp, this does *not* also overload comparison
operators. Adding a `==` overload now would be a breaking change (as
it would change the meaning of existing code from a reference
comparison to a value comparison), and implementing `<`, `<=`, `>=`
and `>` without implementing `==` would be odd.

Implementing `IComparable<T>` makes sorting much easier, however.

Fixes #7628

csharp/src/Google.Protobuf.Test/WellKnownTypes/DurationTest.cs

@@ -128,5 +128,38 @@ namespace Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes
             var duration = new Duration { Seconds = 1, Nanos = -1 };
             Assert.AreEqual("{ \"@warning\": \"Invalid Duration\", \"seconds\": \"1\", \"nanos\": -1 }", duration.ToString());
         }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Comparability()
+        {
+            Duration[] durationsInExpectedSortOrder =
+            {
+                null,
+                new Duration { Seconds = -10, Nanos = -10 },
+                new Duration { Seconds = -10, Nanos = -1 },
+                new Duration { Seconds = -1, Nanos = -10 },
+                new Duration { Seconds = -1, Nanos = -1 },
+                new Duration(),
+                new Duration { Seconds = 1, Nanos = 1 },
+                new Duration { Seconds = 1, Nanos = 10 },
+                new Duration { Seconds = 10, Nanos = 1 },
+                new Duration { Seconds = 10, Nanos = 10 }
+            };
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < durationsInExpectedSortOrder.Length; i++)
+            {
+                var target = durationsInExpectedSortOrder[i];
+                if (target is null)
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                for (int j = 0; j < durationsInExpectedSortOrder.Length; j++)
+                {
+                    var expectedResult = Math.Sign(i - j);
+                    var actualResult = target.CompareTo(durationsInExpectedSortOrder[j]);
+                    Assert.AreEqual(expectedResult, actualResult);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

csharp/src/Google.Protobuf/WellKnownTypes/DurationPartial.cs

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes
 {
     // Manually-written partial class for the Duration well-known type,
     // providing a conversion to TimeSpan and convenience operators.
-    public partial class Duration : ICustomDiagnosticMessage
+    public partial class Duration : ICustomDiagnosticMessage, IComparable<Duration>
     {
         /// <summary>
         /// The number of nanoseconds in a second.
@@ -266,5 +266,26 @@ namespace Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes
                 }
             }
         }
+
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Given another duration, returns 0 if the durations are equivalent, -1 if this duration is shorter than the other, and 1 otherwise.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This method expects that both durations are normalized; that is, that the values of <see cref="Seconds"/>
+        /// and <see cref="Nanos"/> are within the documented bounds.
+        /// If either value is not normalized, the results of this method are unspecified.
+        /// </remarks>
+        /// <param name="other">The duration to compare with this object.</param>
+        /// <returns>An integer indicating whether this duration is shorter or longer than <paramref name="other"/>.</returns>
+        public int CompareTo(Duration other)
+        {
+            return other == null ? 1
+                : Seconds < other.Seconds ? -1
+                : Seconds > other.Seconds ? 1
+                : Nanos < other.Nanos ? -1
+                : Nanos > other.Nanos ? 1
+                : 0;
+        }
     }
 }