Check ctype() in DescriptorBuilder for edition 2023 and beyond.

It seems possible that old data is stored with serialized descriptors. If we
reject old descriptors due to invalid ctype, the change effectively becomes
breaking changes. We should apply this stricter check for edition 2023 or beyond.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 602516135

src/google/protobuf/descriptor.cc

@@ -7737,7 +7737,8 @@ void DescriptorBuilder::ValidateOptions(const FieldDescriptor* field,
 
   // The following check is temporarily OSS only till we fix all affected
   // google3 TAP tests.
-  if (field->options().has_ctype()) {
+  if (field->file()->edition() >= Edition::EDITION_2023 &&
+      field->options().has_ctype()) {
     if (field->cpp_type() != FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_STRING) {
       AddError(
           field->full_name(), proto, DescriptorPool::ErrorCollector::TYPE,

src/google/protobuf/descriptor_unittest.cc

@@ -2957,6 +2957,9 @@ TEST_F(MiscTest, InvalidFieldOptions) {
   FileDescriptorProto file_proto;
   file_proto.set_name("foo.proto");
 
+  file_proto.set_syntax("editions");
+  file_proto.set_edition(Edition::EDITION_2023);
+
   DescriptorProto* message_proto = AddMessage(&file_proto, "TestMessage");
   AddField(message_proto, "foo", 1, FieldDescriptorProto::LABEL_OPTIONAL,
            FieldDescriptorProto::TYPE_INT32);