Merge branch 'protocolbuffers:main' into main

.bcr/presubmit.yml

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ tasks:
     build_targets:
     - '@protobuf//:protobuf'
     - '@protobuf//:protobuf_lite'
+    - '@protobuf//:protobuf_python'
+    - '@protobuf//:protobuf_rust'
     - '@protobuf//:protoc'
     - '@protobuf//:test_messages_proto2_cc_proto'
     - '@protobuf//:test_messages_proto3_cc_proto'
@@ -20,7 +22,6 @@ tasks:
 bcr_test_module:
   module_path: "examples"
   matrix:
-
     platform: ["debian10", "macos", "ubuntu2004", "windows"]
     bazel: [6.x, 7.x]
   tasks:

.github/workflows/test_bazel.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         runner: [ ubuntu, windows, macos ]
-        bazelversion: [ '7.1.1' ]
+        bazelversion: [ '7.1.2' ]
         bzlmod: [true, false ]
         include:
           - runner: ubuntu

.github/workflows/test_cpp.yml

@@ -26,19 +26,19 @@ jobs:
           - { name: No-RTTI, flags: --cxxopt=-fno-rtti }
         include:
           # Set defaults
-          - image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/sanitize@sha256:04cd765285bc52cbbf51d66c8c66d8603579cf0f19cc42df26b09d2c270541fb
+          - image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/sanitize@sha256:3d959f731dc5c54af4865c31ee2bd581ec40028adcdf4c038f3122581f595191
           - targets: //pkg/... //src/... @com_google_protobuf_examples//... //third_party/utf8_range/...
 
           # Override cases with custom images
           - config: { name: "Bazel7" }
-            image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/common/linux/bazel:7.1.1-75f2a85ece6526cc3d54087018c0f1097d78d42b"
+            image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/common/linux/bazel:7.1.2-cf84e92285ca133b9c8104ad7b14d70e953cbb8e"
             targets: "//src/... //third_party/utf8_range/..."
           - config: { name: "TCMalloc" }
-            image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/tcmalloc@sha256:bd39119d74b8a3fad4ae335d4cf5294e70384676331b7e19949459fc7a8d8328"
+            image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/tcmalloc@sha256:1c5133455481f4d1bb8afa477029604f41f1a3c46cebe4d9958cf1af95b5c87c"
             targets: "//src/... //third_party/utf8_range/..."
           - config: { name: "aarch64" }
             targets: "//src/... //src/google/protobuf/compiler:protoc_aarch64_test //third_party/utf8_range/..."
-            image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/emulation:aarch64-63dd26c0c7a808d92673a3e52e848189d4ab0f17"
+            image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/emulation:6.3.0-aarch64-68e662b3a56b881804dc4e9d45f949791cbc4b94"
     name: Linux ${{ matrix.config.name }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.config.runner || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
     steps:
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         uses: protocolbuffers/protobuf-ci/docker@v3
         with:
-          image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/emulation:${{ matrix.arch }}-63dd26c0c7a808d92673a3e52e848189d4ab0f17
+          image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/emulation:${{ matrix.arch }}-384d5abe83a791c6b1ce04f5d7bc0b1f84a30d38
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           entrypoint: bash
           command: >
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ jobs:
             os: macos-12
             cache_key: macos-12-bazel7
             bazel: test //src/... //third_party/utf8_range/...
-            bazel_version: '7.1.1'
+            bazel_version: '7.1.2'
           - name: MacOS Apple Silicon (build only) Bazel
             os: macos-12
             cache_key: macos-12-arm
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ jobs:
             os: windows-2022
             cache_key: windows-2022-bazel7
             bazel: test //src/...  @com_google_protobuf_examples//... --test_tag_filters=-conformance --build_tag_filters=-conformance
-            bazel_version: '7.1.1'
+            bazel_version: '7.1.2'
     name: ${{ matrix.name }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:

.github/workflows/test_java.yml

@@ -22,19 +22,19 @@ jobs:
             image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/java:8-1fdbb997433cb22c1e49ef75ad374a8d6bb88702
             # TODO: b/318555165 - enable the layering check. Currently it does
             # not work correctly with the toolchain in this Docker image.
-            targets: //java/... //java/internal:java_version --features=-layering_check
+            targets: //java/... //java/internal:java_version //compatibility/... --features=-layering_check
           - name: OpenJDK 11
             version: '11'
             image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/java:11-1fdbb997433cb22c1e49ef75ad374a8d6bb88702
-            targets: //java/... //java/internal:java_version
+            targets: //java/... //java/internal:java_version //compatibility/...
           - name: OpenJDK 17
             version: '17'
             image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/java:17-1fdbb997433cb22c1e49ef75ad374a8d6bb88702
-            targets: //java/... //java/internal:java_version
+            targets: //java/... //java/internal:java_version //compatibility/...
           - name: aarch64
             version: 'aarch64'
             image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/emulation:aarch64-63dd26c0c7a808d92673a3e52e848189d4ab0f17
-            targets: //java/... //src/google/protobuf/compiler:protoc_aarch64_test
+            targets: //java/... //compatibility/... //src/google/protobuf/compiler:protoc_aarch64_test
 
     name: Linux ${{ matrix.name }}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.github/workflows/test_ruby.yml

@@ -42,11 +42,13 @@ jobs:
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           bazel-cache: ruby_linux/${{ matrix.ruby }}_${{ matrix.bazel }}
           bazel: test //ruby/... //ruby/tests:ruby_version --test_env=KOKORO_RUBY_VERSION --test_env=BAZEL=true ${{ matrix.ffi == 'FFI' && '--//ruby:ffi=enabled --test_env=PROTOCOL_BUFFERS_RUBY_IMPLEMENTATION=FFI' || '' }}
-      - name: Archive log artifacts
+# Useful tool for troubleshooting, but the action introduces flakes as well,
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+# e.g. https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/569
-        with:
+#      - name: Archive log artifacts
-          name: test-logs-${{ matrix.ruby }}_${{ matrix.ffi || 'NATIVE' }}
+#        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-          path: logs
+#        with:
+#          name: test-logs-${{ matrix.ruby }}_${{ matrix.ffi || 'NATIVE' }}
+#          path: logs
 
   linux-32bit:
     name: Linux 32-bit

.github/workflows/test_upb.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
           image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/sanitize:${{ matrix.config.bazel_version || '6.3.0' }}-75f2a85ece6526cc3d54087018c0f1097d78d42b
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           bazel-cache: upb-bazel
-          bazel: test --cxxopt=-std=c++17 --host_cxxopt=-std=c++17 //bazel/... //benchmarks/... //lua/... //protos/... //protos_generator/... //python/... //upb/... //upb_generator/... ${{ matrix.config.flags }}
+          bazel: test --cxxopt=-std=c++17 --host_cxxopt=-std=c++17 //bazel/... //benchmarks/... //lua/... //protos/... //hpb_generator/... //python/... //upb/... //upb_generator/... ${{ matrix.config.flags }}
           exclude-targets: ${{ matrix.config.exclude-targets }}
 
   linux-gcc:
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
           image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/containers/test/linux/gcc:12.2-6.3.0-63dd26c0c7a808d92673a3e52e848189d4ab0f17"
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           bazel-cache: "upb-bazel-gcc"
-          bazel: test --cxxopt=-std=c++17 --host_cxxopt=-std=c++17 -c opt //bazel/... //benchmarks/... //lua/... //protos/... //protos_generator/... //python/... //upb/... //upb_generator/...
+          bazel: test --cxxopt=-std=c++17 --host_cxxopt=-std=c++17 -c opt //bazel/... //benchmarks/... //lua/... //protos/... //hpb_generator/... //python/... //upb/... //upb_generator/...
 
   windows:
     strategy:
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           bazel-cache: "upb-bazel-windows"
-          bazel: test --cxxopt=/std:c++17 --host_cxxopt=/std:c++17 //upb/... //upb_generator/... //python/... //protos/... //protos_generator/...
+          bazel: test --cxxopt=/std:c++17 --host_cxxopt=/std:c++17 //upb/... //upb_generator/... //python/... //protos/... //hpb_generator/...
           version: 6.3.0
           exclude-targets: -//python:conformance_test -//upb/reflection:def_builder_test
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           bazel-cache: "upb-bazel-macos"
-          bazel: ${{ matrix.config.bazel-command }} --cxxopt=-std=c++17 --host_cxxopt=-std=c++17 ${{ matrix.config.flags }} //bazel/... //benchmarks/... //lua/... //protos/... //protos_generator/... //python/... //upb/... //upb_generator/...
+          bazel: ${{ matrix.config.bazel-command }} --cxxopt=-std=c++17 --host_cxxopt=-std=c++17 ${{ matrix.config.flags }} //bazel/... //benchmarks/... //lua/... //protos/... //hpb_generator/... //python/... //upb/... //upb_generator/...
           version: 6.3.0
 
   no-python:
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build Wheels
         uses: protocolbuffers/protobuf-ci/bazel-docker@v3
         with:
-          image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/release-containers/linux/apple@sha256:b3dc9b75d8e599b0e95ed245d89f44b5a4231112f975da89dd02006a484a58df
+          image: us-docker.pkg.dev/protobuf-build/release-containers/linux/apple:6.3.0-53225851b051e66f8543e972c143f35be757a181
           credentials: ${{ secrets.GAR_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}
           bazel-cache: upb-bazel-python
           bazel: build --crosstool_top=//toolchain:clang_suite --//toolchain:release=true --symlink_prefix=/ -c dbg //python/dist //python/dist:test_wheel //python/dist:source_wheel
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ jobs:
         run: pip install -vvv --no-index --find-links wheels protobuf protobuftests
       - name: Run the unit tests
         run: |
-          TESTS=$(pip show -f protobuftests | grep _test.py | sed 's,/,.,g' | sed -E 's,.py$,,g')
+          TESTS=$(pip show -f protobuftests | grep _test.py | grep --invert-match _pybind11_test.py | sed 's,/,.,g' | sed -E 's,.py$,,g')
           for test in $TESTS; do
             python -m unittest -v $test
           done

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ conda:
   environment: python/docs/environment.yml
 
 python:
-  version: 3.7
+  version: 3.8
   install:
     - method: setuptools
       path: python

BUILD.bazel

@@ -444,6 +444,16 @@ alias(
     visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
 )
 
+################################################################################
+# Rust support
+################################################################################
+
+alias(
+    name = "protobuf_rust",
+    actual = "//rust:protobuf",
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+)
+
 ################################################################################
 # Test protos
 ################################################################################

MODULE.bazel

@@ -16,12 +16,57 @@ bazel_dep(name = "abseil-cpp", version = "20230802.0.bcr.1", repo_name = "com_go
 bazel_dep(name = "bazel_skylib", version = "1.4.1")
 bazel_dep(name = "jsoncpp", version = "1.9.5")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_cc", version = "0.0.9")
+bazel_dep(name = "rules_fuzzing", version = "0.5.2")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_java", version = "5.3.5")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_jvm_external", version = "5.1")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_pkg", version = "0.7.0")
-bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "0.10.2")
+bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "0.28.0")
+bazel_dep(name = "rules_rust", version = "0.45.1")
 bazel_dep(name = "platforms", version = "0.0.8")
-bazel_dep(name = "zlib", version = "1.2.11")
+bazel_dep(name = "zlib", version = "1.3.1")
 
 # TODO: remove after toolchain types are moved to protobuf
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_proto", version = "4.0.0")
+
+SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS = [
+    "3.8",
+    "3.9",
+    "3.10",
+    "3.11",
+    "3.12",
+]
+python = use_extension("@rules_python//python/extensions:python.bzl", "python")
+[
+    python.toolchain(
+        is_default = python_version == SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS[-1],
+        python_version = python_version,
+    )
+    for python_version in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+]
+use_repo(python, system_python = "python_{}".format(SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS[-1].replace(".", "_")))
+pip = use_extension("@rules_python//python/extensions:pip.bzl", "pip")
+[
+    pip.parse(
+        hub_name = "pip_deps",
+        python_version = python_version,
+        requirements_lock = "//python:requirements.txt",
+    )
+    for python_version in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+]
+use_repo(pip, "pip_deps")
+
+rust = use_extension("@rules_rust//rust:extensions.bzl", "rust")
+rust.toolchain(edition = "2021")
+use_repo(rust, "rust_toolchains")
+register_toolchains("@rust_toolchains//:all")
+crate = use_extension("@rules_rust//crate_universe:extension.bzl", "crate")
+crate.spec(
+    package = "googletest",
+    version = ">0.0.0",
+)
+crate.spec(
+    package = "paste",
+    version = ">=1",
+)
+crate.from_specs()
+use_repo(crate, crate_index = "crates")

WORKSPACE

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ load("@rules_python//python:repositories.bzl", "py_repositories")
 
 py_repositories()
 
+load("@rules_python//python/pip_install:repositories.bzl", "pip_install_dependencies")
+
+pip_install_dependencies()
+
 # Bazel platform rules.
 http_archive(
     name = "platforms",
@@ -177,9 +181,9 @@ install_deps()
 
 http_archive(
     name = "rules_fuzzing",
-    sha256 = "ff52ef4845ab00e95d29c02a9e32e9eff4e0a4c9c8a6bcf8407a2f19eb3f9190",
+    sha256 = "77206c54b71f4dd5335123a6ff2a8ea688eca5378d34b4838114dff71652cf26",
-    strip_prefix = "rules_fuzzing-0.4.1",
+    strip_prefix = "rules_fuzzing-0.5.1",
-    urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_fuzzing/releases/download/v0.4.1/rules_fuzzing-0.4.1.zip"],
+    urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_fuzzing/releases/download/v0.5.1/rules_fuzzing-0.5.1.zip"],
     patches = ["//third_party:rules_fuzzing.patch"],
     patch_args = ["-p1"],
 )

bazel/private/upb_proto_library_internal/aspect.bzl

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """Implementation of the aspect that powers the upb_*_proto_library() rules."""
 
+load("@bazel_tools//tools/cpp:toolchain_utils.bzl", "find_cpp_toolchain")
 load("//bazel/common:proto_common.bzl", "proto_common")
 load(":upb_proto_library_internal/cc_library_func.bzl", "cc_library_func")
 load(":upb_proto_library_internal/copts.bzl", "UpbProtoLibraryCoptsInfo")
@@ -54,7 +55,51 @@ def _merge_generated_srcs(srcs):
         thunks = _concat_lists([s.thunks for s in srcs]),
     )
 
-def _generate_upb_protos(ctx, generator, proto_info):
+def _get_implicit_weak_field_sources(ctx, proto_info):
+    # Creating one .cc file for each Message in a proto allows the linker to be more aggressive
+    # about removing unused classes. However, since the number of outputs won't be known at Blaze
+    # analysis time, all of the generated source files are put in a directory and a TreeArtifact is
+    # used to represent them.
+    proto_artifacts = []
+    for proto_source in proto_info.direct_sources:
+        # We can have slashes in the target name. For example, proto_source can be:
+        # dir/a.proto. However proto_source.basename will return a.proto, when in reality
+        # the BUILD file declares it as dir/a.proto, because target name contains a slash.
+        # There is no good workaround for this.
+        # I am using ctx.label.package to check if the name of the target contains slash or not.
+        # This is similar to what declare_directory does.
+        if not proto_source.short_path.startswith(ctx.label.package):
+            fail("This should never happen, proto source {} path does not start with {}.".format(
+                proto_source.short_path,
+                ctx.label.package,
+            ))
+        proto_source_name = proto_source.short_path[len(ctx.label.package) + 1:]
+        last_dot = proto_source_name.rfind(".")
+        if last_dot != -1:
+            proto_source_name = proto_source_name[:last_dot]
+        proto_artifacts.append(ctx.actions.declare_directory(proto_source_name + ".upb_weak_minitables"))
+
+    return proto_artifacts
+
+def _get_feature_configuration(ctx, cc_toolchain, proto_info):
+    requested_features = list(ctx.features)
+
+    # Disable the whole-archive behavior for protobuf generated code when the
+    # proto_one_output_per_message feature is enabled.
+    requested_features.append("disable_whole_archive_for_static_lib_if_proto_one_output_per_message")
+    unsupported_features = list(ctx.disabled_features)
+    if len(proto_info.direct_sources) != 0:
+        requested_features.append("header_modules")
+    else:
+        unsupported_features.append("header_modules")
+    return cc_common.configure_features(
+        ctx = ctx,
+        cc_toolchain = cc_toolchain,
+        requested_features = requested_features,
+        unsupported_features = unsupported_features,
+    )
+
+def _generate_srcs_list(ctx, generator, proto_info):
     if len(proto_info.direct_sources) == 0:
         return GeneratedSrcsInfo(srcs = [], hdrs = [], thunks = [], includes = [])
 
@@ -92,19 +137,35 @@ def _generate_upb_protos(ctx, generator, proto_info):
             mnemonic = "GenUpbProtosThunks",
         )
 
+    return GeneratedSrcsInfo(
+        srcs = srcs,
+        hdrs = hdrs,
+        thunks = thunks,
+    )
+
+def _generate_upb_protos(ctx, generator, proto_info, feature_configuration):
+    implicit_weak = generator == "upb_minitable" and cc_common.is_enabled(
+        feature_configuration = feature_configuration,
+        feature_name = "proto_one_output_per_message",
+    )
+
+    srcs = _generate_srcs_list(ctx, generator, proto_info)
+    additional_args = ctx.actions.args()
+
+    if implicit_weak:
+        srcs.srcs.extend(_get_implicit_weak_field_sources(ctx, proto_info))
+        additional_args.add("--upb_minitable_opt=one_output_per_message")
+
     proto_common.compile(
         actions = ctx.actions,
         proto_info = proto_info,
         proto_lang_toolchain_info = _get_lang_toolchain(ctx, generator),
-        generated_files = srcs + hdrs,
+        generated_files = srcs.srcs + srcs.hdrs,
         experimental_exec_group = "proto_compiler",
+        additional_args = additional_args,
     )
 
-    return GeneratedSrcsInfo(
+    return srcs
-        srcs = srcs,
-        hdrs = hdrs,
-        thunks = thunks,
-    )
 
 def _generate_name(ctx, generator, thunks = False):
     if thunks:
@@ -217,10 +278,13 @@ def upb_proto_aspect_impl(
         )
     else:
         proto_info = target[ProtoInfo]
+        cc_toolchain = find_cpp_toolchain(ctx)
+        feature_configuration = _get_feature_configuration(ctx, cc_toolchain, proto_info)
         files = _generate_upb_protos(
             ctx,
             generator,
             proto_info,
+            feature_configuration,
         )
         wrapped_cc_info = _compile_upb_protos(
             ctx,

bazel/py_proto_library.bzl

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ load("@rules_python//python:py_info.bzl", "PyInfo")
 load("//bazel/common:proto_common.bzl", "proto_common")
 load("//bazel/common:proto_info.bzl", "ProtoInfo")
 
-ProtoLangToolchainInfo = proto_common.ProtoLangToolchainInfo
+PY_PROTO_TOOLCHAIN = "@rules_python//python/proto:toolchain_type"
 
 _PyProtoInfo = provider(
     doc = "Encapsulates information needed by the Python proto rules.",
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ _PyProtoInfo = provider(
 def _filter_provider(provider, *attrs):
     return [dep[provider] for attr in attrs for dep in attr if provider in dep]
 
+def _incompatible_toolchains_enabled():
+    return getattr(proto_common, "INCOMPATIBLE_ENABLE_PROTO_TOOLCHAIN_RESOLUTION", False)
+
 def _py_proto_aspect_impl(target, ctx):
     """Generates and compiles Python code for a proto_library.
 
@@ -48,7 +51,14 @@ def _py_proto_aspect_impl(target, ctx):
                 proto.path,
             ))
 
-    proto_lang_toolchain_info = ctx.attr._aspect_proto_toolchain[ProtoLangToolchainInfo]
+    if _incompatible_toolchains_enabled():
+        toolchain = ctx.toolchains[PY_PROTO_TOOLCHAIN]
+        if not toolchain:
+            fail("No toolchains registered for '%s'." % PY_PROTO_TOOLCHAIN)
+        proto_lang_toolchain_info = toolchain.proto
+    else:
+        proto_lang_toolchain_info = getattr(ctx.attr, "_aspect_proto_toolchain")[proto_common.ProtoLangToolchainInfo]
+
     api_deps = [proto_lang_toolchain_info.runtime]
 
     generated_sources = []
@@ -110,7 +120,7 @@ def _py_proto_aspect_impl(target, ctx):
 
 _py_proto_aspect = aspect(
     implementation = _py_proto_aspect_impl,
-    attrs = {
+    attrs = {} if _incompatible_toolchains_enabled() else {
         "_aspect_proto_toolchain": attr.label(
             default = "//python:python_toolchain",
         ),
@@ -118,6 +128,7 @@ _py_proto_aspect = aspect(
     attr_aspects = ["deps"],
     required_providers = [ProtoInfo],
     provides = [_PyProtoInfo],
+    toolchains = [PY_PROTO_TOOLCHAIN] if _incompatible_toolchains_enabled() else [],
 )
 
 def _py_proto_library_rule(ctx):

compatibility/BUILD.bazel

@@ -16,5 +16,4 @@ java_runtime_conformance(
 java_runtime_conformance(
     name = "java_conformance_v3.25.0",
     gencode_version = "3.25.0",
-    tags = ["manual"],
 )

conformance/binary_json_conformance_suite.cc

@@ -156,6 +156,11 @@ std::string group(uint32_t fieldnum, std::string content) {
                       tag(fieldnum, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_END_GROUP));
 }
 
+std::string len(uint32_t fieldnum, std::string content) {
+  return absl::StrCat(tag(fieldnum, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED),
+                      delim(content));
+}
+
 std::string GetDefaultValue(FieldDescriptor::Type type) {
   switch (type) {
     case FieldDescriptor::TYPE_INT32:
@@ -364,6 +369,33 @@ void BinaryAndJsonConformanceSuite::RunDelimitedFieldTests() {
   TestAllTypesEdition2023 prototype;
   SetTypeUrl(GetTypeUrl(TestAllTypesEdition2023::GetDescriptor()));
 
+  RunValidProtobufTest<TestAllTypesEdition2023>(
+      absl::StrCat("ValidNonMessage"), REQUIRED,
+      field(1, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_VARINT, varint(99)),
+      R"pb(optional_int32: 99)pb");
+
+  RunValidProtobufTest<TestAllTypesEdition2023>(
+      absl::StrCat("ValidLengthPrefixedField"), REQUIRED,
+      len(18, field(1, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_VARINT, varint(99))),
+      R"pb(optional_nested_message { a: 99 })pb");
+
+  RunValidProtobufTest<TestAllTypesEdition2023>(
+      absl::StrCat("ValidMap.Integer"), REQUIRED,
+      len(56,
+          absl::StrCat(field(1, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_VARINT, varint(99)),
+                       field(2, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_VARINT, varint(87)))),
+      R"pb(map_int32_int32 { key: 99 value: 87 })pb");
+
+  RunValidProtobufTest<TestAllTypesEdition2023>(
+      absl::StrCat("ValidMap.LengthPrefixed"), REQUIRED,
+      len(71, absl::StrCat(len(1, "a"),
+                           len(2, field(1, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_VARINT,
+                                        varint(87))))),
+      R"pb(map_string_nested_message {
+             key: "a"
+             value: { a: 87 }
+           })pb");
+
   RunValidProtobufTest<TestAllTypesEdition2023>(
       absl::StrCat("ValidDelimitedField.GroupLike"), REQUIRED,
       group(201, field(202, WireFormatLite::WIRETYPE_VARINT, varint(99))),

conformance/test_protos/test_messages_edition2023.proto

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ edition = "2023";
 
 package protobuf_test_messages.editions;
 
+option features.message_encoding = DELIMITED;
 option java_package = "com.google.protobuf_test_messages.edition2023";
 option java_multiple_files = true;
 option objc_class_prefix = "Editions";
@@ -20,7 +21,8 @@ message ComplexMessage {
 message TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
   message NestedMessage {
     int32 a = 1;
-    TestAllTypesEdition2023 corecursive = 2;
+    TestAllTypesEdition2023 corecursive = 2
+        [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
   }
 
   enum NestedEnum {
@@ -47,8 +49,10 @@ message TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
   string optional_string = 14;
   bytes optional_bytes = 15;
 
-  NestedMessage optional_nested_message = 18;
+  NestedMessage optional_nested_message = 18
-  ForeignMessageEdition2023 optional_foreign_message = 19;
+      [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
+  ForeignMessageEdition2023 optional_foreign_message = 19
+      [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
 
   NestedEnum optional_nested_enum = 21;
   ForeignEnumEdition2023 optional_foreign_enum = 22;
@@ -56,7 +60,8 @@ message TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
   string optional_string_piece = 24 [ctype = STRING_PIECE];
   string optional_cord = 25 [ctype = CORD];
 
-  TestAllTypesEdition2023 recursive_message = 27;
+  TestAllTypesEdition2023 recursive_message = 27
+      [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
 
   // Repeated
   repeated int32 repeated_int32 = 31;
@@ -75,8 +80,10 @@ message TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
   repeated string repeated_string = 44;
   repeated bytes repeated_bytes = 45;
 
-  repeated NestedMessage repeated_nested_message = 48;
+  repeated NestedMessage repeated_nested_message = 48
-  repeated ForeignMessageEdition2023 repeated_foreign_message = 49;
+      [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
+  repeated ForeignMessageEdition2023 repeated_foreign_message = 49
+      [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
 
   repeated NestedEnum repeated_nested_enum = 51;
   repeated ForeignEnumEdition2023 repeated_foreign_enum = 52;
@@ -163,7 +170,8 @@ message TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
 
   oneof oneof_field {
     uint32 oneof_uint32 = 111;
-    NestedMessage oneof_nested_message = 112;
+    NestedMessage oneof_nested_message = 112
+        [features.message_encoding = LENGTH_PREFIXED];
     string oneof_string = 113;
     bytes oneof_bytes = 114;
     bool oneof_bool = 115;
@@ -181,8 +189,8 @@ message TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
     int32 group_int32 = 202;
     uint32 group_uint32 = 203;
   }
-  GroupLikeType groupliketype = 201 [features.message_encoding = DELIMITED];
+  GroupLikeType groupliketype = 201;
-  GroupLikeType delimited_field = 202 [features.message_encoding = DELIMITED];
+  GroupLikeType delimited_field = 202;
 }
 
 message ForeignMessageEdition2023 {
@@ -204,6 +212,6 @@ message GroupLikeType {
 }
 
 extend TestAllTypesEdition2023 {
-  GroupLikeType groupliketype = 121 [features.message_encoding = DELIMITED];
+  GroupLikeType groupliketype = 121;
-  GroupLikeType delimited_ext = 122 [features.message_encoding = DELIMITED];
+  GroupLikeType delimited_ext = 122;
 }

csharp/src/Google.Protobuf.Test.TestProtos/TestMessagesEdition2023.pb.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace ProtobufTestMessages.Editions {
           string.Concat(
             "Cjdjb25mb3JtYW5jZS90ZXN0X3Byb3Rvcy90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzX2VkaXRp",
             "b24yMDIzLnByb3RvEh9wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25z",
-            "IhsKDkNvbXBsZXhNZXNzYWdlEgkKAWQYASABKAUi3DYKF1Rlc3RBbGxUeXBl",
+            "IhsKDkNvbXBsZXhNZXNzYWdlEgkKAWQYASABKAUi/zYKF1Rlc3RBbGxUeXBl",
             "c0VkaXRpb24yMDIzEhYKDm9wdGlvbmFsX2ludDMyGAEgASgFEhYKDm9wdGlv",
             "bmFsX2ludDY0GAIgASgDEhcKD29wdGlvbmFsX3VpbnQzMhgDIAEoDRIXCg9v",
             "cHRpb25hbF91aW50NjQYBCABKAQSFwoPb3B0aW9uYWxfc2ludDMyGAUgASgR",
@@ -35,167 +35,167 @@ namespace ProtobufTestMessages.Editions {
             "c2ZpeGVkMzIYCSABKA8SGQoRb3B0aW9uYWxfc2ZpeGVkNjQYCiABKBASFgoO",
             "b3B0aW9uYWxfZmxvYXQYCyABKAISFwoPb3B0aW9uYWxfZG91YmxlGAwgASgB",
             "EhUKDW9wdGlvbmFsX2Jvb2wYDSABKAgSFwoPb3B0aW9uYWxfc3RyaW5nGA4g",
-            "ASgJEhYKDm9wdGlvbmFsX2J5dGVzGA8gASgMEmcKF29wdGlvbmFsX25lc3Rl",
+            "ASgJEhYKDm9wdGlvbmFsX2J5dGVzGA8gASgMEm4KF29wdGlvbmFsX25lc3Rl",
             "ZF9tZXNzYWdlGBIgASgLMkYucHJvdG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0",
-            "aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNFZGl0aW9uMjAyMy5OZXN0ZWRNZXNzYWdlElwK",
+            "aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNFZGl0aW9uMjAyMy5OZXN0ZWRNZXNzYWdlQgWq",
-            "GG9wdGlvbmFsX2ZvcmVpZ25fbWVzc2FnZRgTIAEoCzI6LnByb3RvYnVmX3Rl",
+            "AQIoARJjChhvcHRpb25hbF9mb3JlaWduX21lc3NhZ2UYEyABKAsyOi5wcm90",
-            "c3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuRm9yZWlnbk1lc3NhZ2VFZGl0aW9uMjAy",
+            "b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLkZvcmVpZ25NZXNzYWdlRWRp",
-            "MxJhChRvcHRpb25hbF9uZXN0ZWRfZW51bRgVIAEoDjJDLnByb3RvYnVmX3Rl",
+            "dGlvbjIwMjNCBaoBAigBEmEKFG9wdGlvbmFsX25lc3RlZF9lbnVtGBUgASgO",
+            "MkMucHJvdG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlw",
+            "ZXNFZGl0aW9uMjAyMy5OZXN0ZWRFbnVtElYKFW9wdGlvbmFsX2ZvcmVpZ25f",
+            "ZW51bRgWIAEoDjI3LnByb3RvYnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMu",
+            "Rm9yZWlnbkVudW1FZGl0aW9uMjAyMxIhChVvcHRpb25hbF9zdHJpbmdfcGll",
+            "Y2UYGCABKAlCAggCEhkKDW9wdGlvbmFsX2NvcmQYGSABKAlCAggBEloKEXJl",
+            "Y3Vyc2l2ZV9tZXNzYWdlGBsgASgLMjgucHJvdG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdl",
+            "cy5lZGl0aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNFZGl0aW9uMjAyM0IFqgECKAESFgoO",
+            "cmVwZWF0ZWRfaW50MzIYHyADKAUSFgoOcmVwZWF0ZWRfaW50NjQYICADKAMS",
+            "FwoPcmVwZWF0ZWRfdWludDMyGCEgAygNEhcKD3JlcGVhdGVkX3VpbnQ2NBgi",
+            "IAMoBBIXCg9yZXBlYXRlZF9zaW50MzIYIyADKBESFwoPcmVwZWF0ZWRfc2lu",
+            "dDY0GCQgAygSEhgKEHJlcGVhdGVkX2ZpeGVkMzIYJSADKAcSGAoQcmVwZWF0",
+            "ZWRfZml4ZWQ2NBgmIAMoBhIZChFyZXBlYXRlZF9zZml4ZWQzMhgnIAMoDxIZ",
+            "ChFyZXBlYXRlZF9zZml4ZWQ2NBgoIAMoEBIWCg5yZXBlYXRlZF9mbG9hdBgp",
+            "IAMoAhIXCg9yZXBlYXRlZF9kb3VibGUYKiADKAESFQoNcmVwZWF0ZWRfYm9v",
+            "bBgrIAMoCBIXCg9yZXBlYXRlZF9zdHJpbmcYLCADKAkSFgoOcmVwZWF0ZWRf",
+            "Ynl0ZXMYLSADKAwSbgoXcmVwZWF0ZWRfbmVzdGVkX21lc3NhZ2UYMCADKAsy",
+            "Ri5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxUeXBl",
+            "c0VkaXRpb24yMDIzLk5lc3RlZE1lc3NhZ2VCBaoBAigBEmMKGHJlcGVhdGVk",
+            "X2ZvcmVpZ25fbWVzc2FnZRgxIAMoCzI6LnByb3RvYnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2Fn",
+            "ZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuRm9yZWlnbk1lc3NhZ2VFZGl0aW9uMjAyM0IFqgECKAES",
+            "YQoUcmVwZWF0ZWRfbmVzdGVkX2VudW0YMyADKA4yQy5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0",
+            "X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxUeXBlc0VkaXRpb24yMDIzLk5l",
+            "c3RlZEVudW0SVgoVcmVwZWF0ZWRfZm9yZWlnbl9lbnVtGDQgAygOMjcucHJv",
+            "dG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5Gb3JlaWduRW51bUVkaXRp",
+            "b24yMDIzEiEKFXJlcGVhdGVkX3N0cmluZ19waWVjZRg2IAMoCUICCAISGQoN",
+            "cmVwZWF0ZWRfY29yZBg3IAMoCUICCAESGwoMcGFja2VkX2ludDMyGEsgAygF",
+            "QgWqAQIYARIbCgxwYWNrZWRfaW50NjQYTCADKANCBaoBAhgBEhwKDXBhY2tl",
+            "ZF91aW50MzIYTSADKA1CBaoBAhgBEhwKDXBhY2tlZF91aW50NjQYTiADKARC",
+            "BaoBAhgBEhwKDXBhY2tlZF9zaW50MzIYTyADKBFCBaoBAhgBEhwKDXBhY2tl",
+            "ZF9zaW50NjQYUCADKBJCBaoBAhgBEh0KDnBhY2tlZF9maXhlZDMyGFEgAygH",
+            "QgWqAQIYARIdCg5wYWNrZWRfZml4ZWQ2NBhSIAMoBkIFqgECGAESHgoPcGFj",
+            "a2VkX3NmaXhlZDMyGFMgAygPQgWqAQIYARIeCg9wYWNrZWRfc2ZpeGVkNjQY",
+            "VCADKBBCBaoBAhgBEhsKDHBhY2tlZF9mbG9hdBhVIAMoAkIFqgECGAESHAoN",
+            "cGFja2VkX2RvdWJsZRhWIAMoAUIFqgECGAESGgoLcGFja2VkX2Jvb2wYVyAD",
+            "KAhCBaoBAhgBEmYKEnBhY2tlZF9uZXN0ZWRfZW51bRhYIAMoDjJDLnByb3Rv",
+            "YnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuVGVzdEFsbFR5cGVzRWRpdGlv",
+            "bjIwMjMuTmVzdGVkRW51bUIFqgECGAESHQoOdW5wYWNrZWRfaW50MzIYWSAD",
+            "KAVCBaoBAhgCEh0KDnVucGFja2VkX2ludDY0GFogAygDQgWqAQIYAhIeCg91",
+            "bnBhY2tlZF91aW50MzIYWyADKA1CBaoBAhgCEh4KD3VucGFja2VkX3VpbnQ2",
+            "NBhcIAMoBEIFqgECGAISHgoPdW5wYWNrZWRfc2ludDMyGF0gAygRQgWqAQIY",
+            "AhIeCg91bnBhY2tlZF9zaW50NjQYXiADKBJCBaoBAhgCEh8KEHVucGFja2Vk",
+            "X2ZpeGVkMzIYXyADKAdCBaoBAhgCEh8KEHVucGFja2VkX2ZpeGVkNjQYYCAD",
+            "KAZCBaoBAhgCEiAKEXVucGFja2VkX3NmaXhlZDMyGGEgAygPQgWqAQIYAhIg",
+            "ChF1bnBhY2tlZF9zZml4ZWQ2NBhiIAMoEEIFqgECGAISHQoOdW5wYWNrZWRf",
+            "ZmxvYXQYYyADKAJCBaoBAhgCEh4KD3VucGFja2VkX2RvdWJsZRhkIAMoAUIF",
+            "qgECGAISHAoNdW5wYWNrZWRfYm9vbBhlIAMoCEIFqgECGAISaAoUdW5wYWNr",
+            "ZWRfbmVzdGVkX2VudW0YZiADKA4yQy5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2Vz",
+            "LmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxUeXBlc0VkaXRpb24yMDIzLk5lc3RlZEVudW1C",
+            "BaoBAhgCEmQKD21hcF9pbnQzMl9pbnQzMhg4IAMoCzJLLnByb3RvYnVmX3Rl",
             "c3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuVGVzdEFsbFR5cGVzRWRpdGlvbjIwMjMu",
-            "TmVzdGVkRW51bRJWChVvcHRpb25hbF9mb3JlaWduX2VudW0YFiABKA4yNy5w",
+            "TWFwSW50MzJJbnQzMkVudHJ5EmQKD21hcF9pbnQ2NF9pbnQ2NBg5IAMoCzJL",
-            "cm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLkZvcmVpZ25FbnVtRWRp",
-            "dGlvbjIwMjMSIQoVb3B0aW9uYWxfc3RyaW5nX3BpZWNlGBggASgJQgIIAhIZ",
-            "Cg1vcHRpb25hbF9jb3JkGBkgASgJQgIIARJTChFyZWN1cnNpdmVfbWVzc2Fn",
-            "ZRgbIAEoCzI4LnByb3RvYnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuVGVz",
-            "dEFsbFR5cGVzRWRpdGlvbjIwMjMSFgoOcmVwZWF0ZWRfaW50MzIYHyADKAUS",
-            "FgoOcmVwZWF0ZWRfaW50NjQYICADKAMSFwoPcmVwZWF0ZWRfdWludDMyGCEg",
-            "AygNEhcKD3JlcGVhdGVkX3VpbnQ2NBgiIAMoBBIXCg9yZXBlYXRlZF9zaW50",
-            "MzIYIyADKBESFwoPcmVwZWF0ZWRfc2ludDY0GCQgAygSEhgKEHJlcGVhdGVk",
-            "X2ZpeGVkMzIYJSADKAcSGAoQcmVwZWF0ZWRfZml4ZWQ2NBgmIAMoBhIZChFy",
-            "ZXBlYXRlZF9zZml4ZWQzMhgnIAMoDxIZChFyZXBlYXRlZF9zZml4ZWQ2NBgo",
-            "IAMoEBIWCg5yZXBlYXRlZF9mbG9hdBgpIAMoAhIXCg9yZXBlYXRlZF9kb3Vi",
-            "bGUYKiADKAESFQoNcmVwZWF0ZWRfYm9vbBgrIAMoCBIXCg9yZXBlYXRlZF9z",
-            "dHJpbmcYLCADKAkSFgoOcmVwZWF0ZWRfYnl0ZXMYLSADKAwSZwoXcmVwZWF0",
-            "ZWRfbmVzdGVkX21lc3NhZ2UYMCADKAsyRi5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3Nh",
-            "Z2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxUeXBlc0VkaXRpb24yMDIzLk5lc3RlZE1l",
-            "c3NhZ2USXAoYcmVwZWF0ZWRfZm9yZWlnbl9tZXNzYWdlGDEgAygLMjoucHJv",
-            "dG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5Gb3JlaWduTWVzc2FnZUVk",
-            "aXRpb24yMDIzEmEKFHJlcGVhdGVkX25lc3RlZF9lbnVtGDMgAygOMkMucHJv",
-            "dG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNFZGl0",
-            "aW9uMjAyMy5OZXN0ZWRFbnVtElYKFXJlcGVhdGVkX2ZvcmVpZ25fZW51bRg0",
-            "IAMoDjI3LnByb3RvYnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuRm9yZWln",
-            "bkVudW1FZGl0aW9uMjAyMxIhChVyZXBlYXRlZF9zdHJpbmdfcGllY2UYNiAD",
-            "KAlCAggCEhkKDXJlcGVhdGVkX2NvcmQYNyADKAlCAggBEhsKDHBhY2tlZF9p",
-            "bnQzMhhLIAMoBUIFqgECGAESGwoMcGFja2VkX2ludDY0GEwgAygDQgWqAQIY",
-            "ARIcCg1wYWNrZWRfdWludDMyGE0gAygNQgWqAQIYARIcCg1wYWNrZWRfdWlu",
-            "dDY0GE4gAygEQgWqAQIYARIcCg1wYWNrZWRfc2ludDMyGE8gAygRQgWqAQIY",
-            "ARIcCg1wYWNrZWRfc2ludDY0GFAgAygSQgWqAQIYARIdCg5wYWNrZWRfZml4",
-            "ZWQzMhhRIAMoB0IFqgECGAESHQoOcGFja2VkX2ZpeGVkNjQYUiADKAZCBaoB",
-            "AhgBEh4KD3BhY2tlZF9zZml4ZWQzMhhTIAMoD0IFqgECGAESHgoPcGFja2Vk",
-            "X3NmaXhlZDY0GFQgAygQQgWqAQIYARIbCgxwYWNrZWRfZmxvYXQYVSADKAJC",
-            "BaoBAhgBEhwKDXBhY2tlZF9kb3VibGUYViADKAFCBaoBAhgBEhoKC3BhY2tl",
-            "ZF9ib29sGFcgAygIQgWqAQIYARJmChJwYWNrZWRfbmVzdGVkX2VudW0YWCAD",
-            "KA4yQy5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxU",
-            "eXBlc0VkaXRpb24yMDIzLk5lc3RlZEVudW1CBaoBAhgBEh0KDnVucGFja2Vk",
-            "X2ludDMyGFkgAygFQgWqAQIYAhIdCg51bnBhY2tlZF9pbnQ2NBhaIAMoA0IF",
-            "qgECGAISHgoPdW5wYWNrZWRfdWludDMyGFsgAygNQgWqAQIYAhIeCg91bnBh",
-            "Y2tlZF91aW50NjQYXCADKARCBaoBAhgCEh4KD3VucGFja2VkX3NpbnQzMhhd",
-            "IAMoEUIFqgECGAISHgoPdW5wYWNrZWRfc2ludDY0GF4gAygSQgWqAQIYAhIf",
-            "ChB1bnBhY2tlZF9maXhlZDMyGF8gAygHQgWqAQIYAhIfChB1bnBhY2tlZF9m",
-            "aXhlZDY0GGAgAygGQgWqAQIYAhIgChF1bnBhY2tlZF9zZml4ZWQzMhhhIAMo",
-            "D0IFqgECGAISIAoRdW5wYWNrZWRfc2ZpeGVkNjQYYiADKBBCBaoBAhgCEh0K",
-            "DnVucGFja2VkX2Zsb2F0GGMgAygCQgWqAQIYAhIeCg91bnBhY2tlZF9kb3Vi",
-            "bGUYZCADKAFCBaoBAhgCEhwKDXVucGFja2VkX2Jvb2wYZSADKAhCBaoBAhgC",
-            "EmgKFHVucGFja2VkX25lc3RlZF9lbnVtGGYgAygOMkMucHJvdG9idWZfdGVz",
-            "dF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNFZGl0aW9uMjAyMy5O",
-            "ZXN0ZWRFbnVtQgWqAQIYAhJkCg9tYXBfaW50MzJfaW50MzIYOCADKAsySy5w",
-            "cm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxUeXBlc0Vk",
-            "aXRpb24yMDIzLk1hcEludDMySW50MzJFbnRyeRJkCg9tYXBfaW50NjRfaW50",
-            "NjQYOSADKAsySy5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRl",
-            "c3RBbGxUeXBlc0VkaXRpb24yMDIzLk1hcEludDY0SW50NjRFbnRyeRJoChFt",
-            "YXBfdWludDMyX3VpbnQzMhg6IAMoCzJNLnByb3RvYnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2Fn",
-            "ZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuVGVzdEFsbFR5cGVzRWRpdGlvbjIwMjMuTWFwVWludDMy",
-            "VWludDMyRW50cnkSaAoRbWFwX3VpbnQ2NF91aW50NjQYOyADKAsyTS5wcm90",
-            "b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25zLlRlc3RBbGxUeXBlc0VkaXRp",
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-            "AjgBGjUKE01hcEludDMyRG91YmxlRW50cnkSCwoDa2V5GAEgASgFEg0KBXZh",
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-            "CBINCgV2YWx1ZRgCIAEoCDoCOAEaNgoUTWFwU3RyaW5nU3RyaW5nRW50cnkS",
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-            "eXRlc0VudHJ5EgsKA2tleRgBIAEoCRINCgV2YWx1ZRgCIAEoDDoCOAEahQEK",
-            "G01hcFN0cmluZ05lc3RlZE1lc3NhZ2VFbnRyeRILCgNrZXkYASABKAkSVQoF",
-            "dmFsdWUYAiABKAsyRi5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25z",
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-            "HE1hcFN0cmluZ0ZvcmVpZ25NZXNzYWdlRW50cnkSCwoDa2V5GAEgASgJEkkK",
-            "BXZhbHVlGAIgASgLMjoucHJvdG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9u",
-            "cy5Gb3JlaWduTWVzc2FnZUVkaXRpb24yMDIzOgI4ARp/ChhNYXBTdHJpbmdO",
-            "ZXN0ZWRFbnVtRW50cnkSCwoDa2V5GAEgASgJElIKBXZhbHVlGAIgASgOMkMu",
-            "cHJvdG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNF",
-            "ZGl0aW9uMjAyMy5OZXN0ZWRFbnVtOgI4ARp0ChlNYXBTdHJpbmdGb3JlaWdu",
-            "RW51bUVudHJ5EgsKA2tleRgBIAEoCRJGCgV2YWx1ZRgCIAEoDjI3LnByb3Rv",
-            "YnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuRm9yZWlnbkVudW1FZGl0aW9u",
-            "MjAyMzoCOAEaPAoNR3JvdXBMaWtlVHlwZRIUCgtncm91cF9pbnQzMhjKASAB",
-            "KAUSFQoMZ3JvdXBfdWludDMyGMsBIAEoDSI5CgpOZXN0ZWRFbnVtEgcKA0ZP",
-            "TxAAEgcKA0JBUhABEgcKA0JBWhACEhAKA05FRxD///////////8BKgUIeBDJ",
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-            "YnVmX3Rlc3RfbWVzc2FnZXMuZWRpdGlvbnMuVGVzdEFsbFR5cGVzRWRpdGlv",
-            "bjIwMjMYeSABKAsyLi5wcm90b2J1Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb25z",
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-            "dG9idWZfdGVzdF9tZXNzYWdlcy5lZGl0aW9ucy5UZXN0QWxsVHlwZXNFZGl0",
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-            "bnMuR3JvdXBMaWtlVHlwZUIFqgECKAJCPAotY29tLmdvb2dsZS5wcm90b2J1",
-            "Zl90ZXN0X21lc3NhZ2VzLmVkaXRpb24yMDIzUAGiAghFZGl0aW9uc2IIZWRp",
-            "dGlvbnNw6Ac="));
       descriptor = pbr::FileDescriptor.FromGeneratedCode(descriptorData,
           new pbr::FileDescriptor[] { },
           new pbr::GeneratedClrTypeInfo(new[] {typeof(global::ProtobufTestMessages.Editions.ForeignEnumEdition2023), }, new pb::Extension[] { TestMessagesEdition2023Extensions.ExtensionInt32, TestMessagesEdition2023Extensions.GroupLikeType, TestMessagesEdition2023Extensions.DelimitedExt }, new pbr::GeneratedClrTypeInfo[] {

csharp/src/Google.Protobuf/Reflection/Descriptor.pb.cs

@@ -8027,12 +8027,13 @@ namespace Google.Protobuf.Reflection {
 
     private global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection.FieldOptions.Types.CType ctype_;
     /// <summary>
+    /// NOTE: ctype is deprecated. Use `features.(pb.cpp).string_type` instead.
     /// The ctype option instructs the C++ code generator to use a different
     /// representation of the field than it normally would.  See the specific
     /// options below.  This option is only implemented to support use of
     /// [ctype=CORD] and [ctype=STRING] (the default) on non-repeated fields of
-    /// type "bytes" in the open source release -- sorry, we'll try to include
+    /// type "bytes" in the open source release.
-    /// other types in a future version!
+    /// TODO: make ctype actually deprecated.
     /// </summary>
     [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute]
     [global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCode("protoc", null)]

csharp/src/Google.Protobuf/Reflection/FieldDescriptor.cs

@@ -412,6 +412,11 @@ namespace Google.Protobuf.Reflection
                         throw new DescriptorValidationException(this, $"\"{Proto.TypeName}\" is not a message type.");
                     }
                     messageType = m;
+                    if (m.Proto.Options?.MapEntry == true || ContainingType?.Proto.Options?.MapEntry == true)
+                    {
+                        // Maps can't inherit delimited encoding.
+                        FieldType = FieldType.Message;
+                    }
 
                     if (Proto.HasDefaultValue)
                     {

docs/options.md

@@ -501,3 +501,8 @@ with info about your project (name and website) so we can add an entry for you.
 
     *   Website: https://github.com/solo-io/protoc-gen-openapi
     *   Extensions: 1188-1189
+
+1.  Wire enumMode
+
+    *   Website: https://square.github.io/wire/
+    *   Extensions: 1190

editions/BUILD

@@ -87,18 +87,6 @@ cc_library(
     ],
 )
 
-cc_proto_library(
-    name = "cpp_features_cc_proto",
-    testonly = True,
-    deps = ["//src/google/protobuf:cpp_features_proto"],
-)
-
-cc_proto_library(
-    name = "java_features_cc_proto",
-    testonly = True,
-    deps = ["//java/core:java_features_proto"],
-)
-
 cc_test(
     name = "defaults_test",
     srcs = ["defaults_test.cc"],
@@ -109,11 +97,11 @@ cc_test(
         ":test_defaults_future",
     ],
     deps = [
-        ":cpp_features_cc_proto",
         ":defaults_test_embedded",
-        ":java_features_cc_proto",
         "//:protobuf",
+        "//java/core:java_features_cc_proto",
         "//src/google/protobuf",
+        "//src/google/protobuf:cpp_features_cc_proto",
         "//src/google/protobuf:port",
         "//src/google/protobuf:protobuf_lite",
         "//src/google/protobuf:test_textproto",

hpb_generator/gen_accessors.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/gen_accessors.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_accessors.h"
 
 #include <string>
 
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
 #include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_repeated_fields.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_repeated_fields.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 #include "upb_generator/common.h"
 #include "upb_generator/keywords.h"
 #include "upb_generator/names.h"

hpb_generator/gen_accessors.h

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 #define UPB_PROTOS_GENERATOR_ACCESSORS_H_
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 

hpb_generator/gen_enums.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/gen_enums.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_enums.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <limits>
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 

hpb_generator/gen_enums.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #define UPB_PROTOS_GENERATOR_ENUMS_H_
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 

hpb_generator/gen_extensions.cc

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/gen_extensions.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_extensions.h"
 
 #include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 

hpb_generator/gen_extensions.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #define UPB_PROTOS_GENERATOR_GEN_EXTENSIONS_H_
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 

hpb_generator/gen_messages.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/gen_messages.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_messages.h"
 
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <string>
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
 #include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_accessors.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_accessors.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_enums.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_enums.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_extensions.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_extensions.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 #include "upb_generator/common.h"
 #include "upb_generator/file_layout.h"
 

hpb_generator/gen_messages.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #define UPB_PROTOS_GENERATOR_GEN_MESSAGES_H_
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 namespace protobuf = ::google::protobuf;

hpb_generator/gen_repeated_fields.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/gen_repeated_fields.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_repeated_fields.h"
 
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_accessors.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_accessors.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_enums.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_enums.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_extensions.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_extensions.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 #include "upb_generator/common.h"
 #include "upb_generator/file_layout.h"
 #include "upb_generator/names.h"

hpb_generator/gen_repeated_fields.h

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 namespace protobuf = ::google::protobuf;

hpb_generator/gen_utils.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <string>

hpb_generator/names.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
 
 #include <string>
 

hpb_generator/names.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include <string>
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 

hpb_generator/output.cc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
 
 #include <string>
 

hpb_generator/protoc-gen-upb-protos.cc

@@ -5,19 +5,22 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/compiler/code_generator.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/compiler/plugin.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_enums.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_enums.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_extensions.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_extensions.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_messages.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_messages.h"
-#include "protos_generator/gen_utils.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/gen_utils.h"
-#include "protos_generator/names.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/names.h"
-#include "protos_generator/output.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/output.h"
-#include "upb_generator/file_layout.h"
 
 namespace protos_generator {
 namespace {
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ namespace {
 namespace protoc = ::google::protobuf::compiler;
 namespace protobuf = ::google::protobuf;
 using FileDescriptor = ::google::protobuf::FileDescriptor;
+using google::protobuf::Edition;
 
 void WriteSource(const protobuf::FileDescriptor* file, Output& output,
                  bool fasttable_enabled);
@@ -42,13 +46,16 @@ void WriteHeaderMessageForwardDecls(const protobuf::FileDescriptor* file,
 
 class Generator : public protoc::CodeGenerator {
  public:
-  ~Generator() override {}
+  ~Generator() override = default;
   bool Generate(const protobuf::FileDescriptor* file,
                 const std::string& parameter, protoc::GeneratorContext* context,
                 std::string* error) const override;
   uint64_t GetSupportedFeatures() const override {
-    return FEATURE_PROTO3_OPTIONAL;
+    return Feature::FEATURE_PROTO3_OPTIONAL |
+           Feature::FEATURE_SUPPORTS_EDITIONS;
   }
+  Edition GetMinimumEdition() const override { return Edition::EDITION_PROTO2; }
+  Edition GetMaximumEdition() const override { return Edition::EDITION_2023; }
 };
 
 bool Generator::Generate(const protobuf::FileDescriptor* file,
@@ -71,14 +78,21 @@ bool Generator::Generate(const protobuf::FileDescriptor* file,
   }
 
   // Write model.upb.fwd.h
-  Output forwarding_header_output(
+  std::unique_ptr<google::protobuf::io::ZeroCopyOutputStream> output_stream(
       context->Open(ForwardingHeaderFilename(file)));
+  Output forwarding_header_output(output_stream.get());
   WriteForwardingHeader(file, forwarding_header_output);
+
   // Write model.upb.proto.h
-  Output header_output(context->Open(CppHeaderFilename(file)));
+  std::unique_ptr<google::protobuf::io::ZeroCopyOutputStream> header_output_stream(
+      context->Open(CppHeaderFilename(file)));
+  Output header_output(header_output_stream.get());
   WriteHeader(file, header_output);
+
   // Write model.upb.proto.cc
-  Output cc_output(context->Open(CppSourceFilename(file)));
+  std::unique_ptr<google::protobuf::io::ZeroCopyOutputStream> cc_output_stream(
+      context->Open(CppSourceFilename(file)));
+  Output cc_output(cc_output_stream.get());
   WriteSource(file, cc_output, fasttable_enabled);
   return true;
 }

hpb_generator/tests/BUILD

@@ -112,6 +112,19 @@ cc_proto_library(
 #     visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
 #     deps = [":legacy_name_proto"],
 # )
+#
+# proto_library(
+#     name = "basic_editions_proto",
+#     srcs = [
+#         "basic_test_editions.proto",
+#     ],
+# )
+#
+# upb_cc_proto_library(
+#     name = "basic_test_editions_proto",
+#     visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
+#     deps = [":basic_editions_proto"],
+# )
 # end:google_only
 
 cc_test(

hpb_generator/tests/basic_test_editions.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+edition = "2023";
+
+package editions_upb_test;
+
+option features.enum_type = CLOSED;
+option features.field_presence = IMPLICIT;
+
+message TestFeaturesMessage {
+  int32 implicit = 1;
+  int32 explicit = 2 [features.field_presence = EXPLICIT];
+  int32 legacy_required = 3 [features.field_presence = LEGACY_REQUIRED];
+
+  repeated int32 packed = 50;
+  repeated int32 expanded = 51 [features.repeated_field_encoding = EXPANDED];
+
+  TestFeaturesMessage delimited = 100 [features.message_encoding = DELIMITED];
+  TestFeaturesMessage length_prefixed = 101;
+}

hpb_generator/tests/child_model.proto

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ syntax = "proto3";
 
 package protos_generator.test;
 
-import public "protos_generator/tests/test_enum.proto";
+import public "hpb_generator/tests/test_enum.proto";
 
 message ChildModel1 {
   optional bool child_b1 = 44;

hpb_generator/tests/no_package_enum_user.proto

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ syntax = "proto2";
 
 package protos_generator.tests;
 
-import "protos_generator/tests/no_package.proto";
+import "hpb_generator/tests/no_package.proto";
 
 // option java_multiple_files = true;
 

hpb_generator/tests/test_extension.proto

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ syntax = "proto2";
 
 package protos_generator.test.someotherpackage;
 
-import "protos_generator/tests/test_model.proto";
+import "hpb_generator/tests/test_model.proto";
 
 // Define extension that is extending proto outside this package with a type
 // defined in different file.

hpb_generator/tests/test_generated.cc

@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include "absl/status/statusor.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/tests/child_model.upb.proto.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/tests/no_package.upb.proto.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/tests/test_model.upb.proto.h"
 #include "protos/protos.h"
 #include "protos/repeated_field.h"
 #include "protos/repeated_field_iterator.h"
 #include "protos/requires.h"
-#include "protos_generator/tests/child_model.upb.proto.h"
-#include "protos_generator/tests/no_package.upb.proto.h"
-#include "protos_generator/tests/test_model.upb.proto.h"
 #include "upb/mem/arena.h"
 #include "upb/mem/arena.hpp"
 

hpb_generator/tests/test_model.proto

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ syntax = "proto2";
 
 package protos_generator.test;
 
-import "protos_generator/tests/child_model.proto";
+import "hpb_generator/tests/child_model.proto";
 
 message TestModelContainer {
   repeated TestModel models = 1;

java/core/BUILD.bazel

@@ -196,6 +196,12 @@ proto_library(
     deps = ["//:descriptor_proto"],
 )
 
+cc_proto_library(
+    name = "java_features_cc_proto",
+    visibility = ["//editions:__pkg__"],
+    deps = [":java_features_proto"],
+)
+
 filegroup(
     name = "java_features_proto_srcs",
     srcs = ["src/main/resources/google/protobuf/java_features.proto"],

java/core/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/Descriptors.java

@@ -1297,6 +1297,8 @@ public final class Descriptors {
       // since these are used before feature resolution when parsing java feature set defaults
       // (custom options) into unknown fields.
       if (type == Type.MESSAGE
+          && !(messageType != null && messageType.toProto().getOptions().getMapEntry())
+          && !(containingType != null && containingType.toProto().getOptions().getMapEntry())
           && this.features != null
           && getFeatures().getMessageEncoding() == FeatureSet.MessageEncoding.DELIMITED) {
         return Type.GROUP;
@@ -1476,8 +1478,7 @@ public final class Descriptors {
      * been upgraded to editions.
      */
     boolean isGroupLike() {
-      if (getFeatures().getMessageEncoding()
+      if (getType() != Type.GROUP) {
-          != DescriptorProtos.FeatureSet.MessageEncoding.DELIMITED) {
         // Groups are always tag-delimited.
         return false;
       }
@@ -1900,7 +1901,9 @@ public final class Descriptors {
           }
         }
 
-        if (getJavaType() == JavaType.MESSAGE) {
+        // Use raw type since inferred type considers messageType which may not be fully cross
+        // linked yet.
+        if (type.getJavaType() == JavaType.MESSAGE) {
           if (!(typeDescriptor instanceof Descriptor)) {
             throw new DescriptorValidationException(
                 this, '\"' + proto.getTypeName() + "\" is not a message type.");
@@ -1910,7 +1913,7 @@ public final class Descriptors {
           if (proto.hasDefaultValue()) {
             throw new DescriptorValidationException(this, "Messages can't have default values.");
           }
-        } else if (getJavaType() == JavaType.ENUM) {
+        } else if (type.getJavaType() == JavaType.ENUM) {
           if (!(typeDescriptor instanceof EnumDescriptor)) {
             throw new DescriptorValidationException(
                 this, '\"' + proto.getTypeName() + "\" is not an enum type.");
@@ -1920,7 +1923,7 @@ public final class Descriptors {
           throw new DescriptorValidationException(this, "Field with primitive type has type_name.");
         }
       } else {
-        if (getJavaType() == JavaType.MESSAGE || getJavaType() == JavaType.ENUM) {
+        if (type.getJavaType() == JavaType.MESSAGE || type.getJavaType() == JavaType.ENUM) {
           throw new DescriptorValidationException(
               this, "Field with message or enum type missing type_name.");
         }
@@ -1941,7 +1944,7 @@ public final class Descriptors {
         }
 
         try {
-          switch (getType()) {
+          switch (type) {
             case INT32:
             case SINT32:
             case SFIXED32:
@@ -2016,7 +2019,7 @@ public final class Descriptors {
         if (isRepeated()) {
           defaultValue = Collections.emptyList();
         } else {
-          switch (getJavaType()) {
+          switch (type.getJavaType()) {
             case ENUM:
               // We guarantee elsewhere that an enum type always has at least
               // one possible value.
@@ -2026,7 +2029,7 @@ public final class Descriptors {
               defaultValue = null;
               break;
             default:
-              defaultValue = getJavaType().defaultDefault;
+              defaultValue = type.getJavaType().defaultDefault;
               break;
           }
         }
@@ -2782,10 +2785,30 @@ public final class Descriptors {
     public abstract FileDescriptor getFile();
 
     void resolveFeatures(FeatureSet unresolvedFeatures) throws DescriptorValidationException {
-      // Unknown java features may be passed by users via public buildFrom but should not occur from
+      if (this.parent != null
-      // generated code.
+          && unresolvedFeatures.equals(FeatureSet.getDefaultInstance())
-      if (!unresolvedFeatures.getUnknownFields().isEmpty()
+          && !hasInferredLegacyProtoFeatures()) {
-          && unresolvedFeatures.getUnknownFields().hasField(JavaFeaturesProto.java_.getNumber())) {
+        this.features = this.parent.features;
+        validateFeatures();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Java features from a custom pool (i.e. buildFrom) may end up in unknown fields or
+      // use a different descriptor from the generated pool used by the Java runtime.
+      boolean hasPossibleCustomJavaFeature = false;
+      for (FieldDescriptor f : unresolvedFeatures.getExtensionFields().keySet()) {
+        if (f.getNumber() == JavaFeaturesProto.java_.getNumber()
+            && f != JavaFeaturesProto.java_.getDescriptor()) {
+          hasPossibleCustomJavaFeature = true;
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+      boolean hasPossibleUnknownJavaFeature =
+          !unresolvedFeatures.getUnknownFields().isEmpty()
+              && unresolvedFeatures
+                  .getUnknownFields()
+                  .hasField(JavaFeaturesProto.java_.getNumber());
+      if (hasPossibleCustomJavaFeature || hasPossibleUnknownJavaFeature) {
         ExtensionRegistry registry = ExtensionRegistry.newInstance();
         registry.add(JavaFeaturesProto.java_);
         ByteString bytes = unresolvedFeatures.toByteString();
@@ -2797,13 +2820,6 @@ public final class Descriptors {
         }
       }
       
-      if (this.parent != null
-          && unresolvedFeatures.equals(FeatureSet.getDefaultInstance())
-          && !hasInferredLegacyProtoFeatures()) {
-        this.features = this.parent.features;
-        validateFeatures();
-        return;
-      }
       FeatureSet.Builder features;
       if (this.parent == null) {
         Edition edition = getFile().getEdition();

java/core/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/GeneratedMessage.java

@@ -1025,10 +1025,28 @@ public abstract class GeneratedMessage extends AbstractMessage implements Serial
 
     /**
      * Used by subclasses to serialize extensions. Extension ranges may be interleaved with field
-     * numbers, but we must write them in canonical (sorted by field number) order. ExtensionWriter
+     * numbers, but we must write them in canonical (sorted by field number) order.
-     * helps us write individual ranges of extensions at once.
+     * ExtensionSerializer helps us write individual ranges of extensions at once.
      */
-    protected class ExtensionWriter {
+    protected interface ExtensionSerializer {
+      public void writeUntil(final int end, final CodedOutputStream output) throws IOException;
+    }
+
+    /** No-op implementation that writes nothing, for messages with no extensions. */
+    private static final class NoOpExtensionSerializer implements ExtensionSerializer {
+      // Singleton instance so we can avoid allocating a new one for each message serialization.
+      private static final NoOpExtensionSerializer INSTANCE = new NoOpExtensionSerializer();
+
+      @Override
+      public void writeUntil(final int end, final CodedOutputStream output) {
+        // no-op
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * ExtensionSerializer that writes extensions from the FieldSet, for messages with extensions.
+     */
+    protected class ExtensionWriter implements ExtensionSerializer {
       // Imagine how much simpler this code would be if Java iterators had
       // a way to get the next element without advancing the iterator.
 
@@ -1043,6 +1061,7 @@ public abstract class GeneratedMessage extends AbstractMessage implements Serial
         this.messageSetWireFormat = messageSetWireFormat;
       }
 
+      @Override
       public void writeUntil(final int end, final CodedOutputStream output) throws IOException {
         while (next != null && next.getKey().getNumber() < end) {
           FieldDescriptor descriptor = next.getKey();
@@ -1075,14 +1094,32 @@ public abstract class GeneratedMessage extends AbstractMessage implements Serial
       }
     }
 
+    // TODO: Remove, replace with newExtensionSerializer().
     protected ExtensionWriter newExtensionWriter() {
       return new ExtensionWriter(false);
     }
 
+    protected ExtensionSerializer newExtensionSerializer() {
+      // Avoid allocation in the common case of no extensions.
+      if (extensions.isEmpty()) {
+        return NoOpExtensionSerializer.INSTANCE;
+      }
+      return new ExtensionWriter(false);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Remove, replace with newMessageSetExtensionSerializer().
     protected ExtensionWriter newMessageSetExtensionWriter() {
       return new ExtensionWriter(true);
     }
 
+    protected ExtensionSerializer newMessageSetExtensionSerializer() {
+      // Avoid allocation in the common case of no extensions.
+      if (extensions.isEmpty()) {
+        return NoOpExtensionSerializer.INSTANCE;
+      }
+      return new ExtensionWriter(true);
+    }
+
     /** Called by subclasses to compute the size of extensions. */
     protected int extensionsSerializedSize() {
       return extensions.getSerializedSize();

java/core/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/GeneratedMessageV3.java

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+
+package com.google.protobuf;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Stub for GeneratedMessageV3 wrapping GeneratedMessage for compatibility with older gencode.
+ *
+ * @deprecated This class is deprecated, and slated for removal in the next Java breaking change
+ *     (5.x in 2025 Q1). Users should update gencode to >= 4.26.x which uses GeneratedMessage
+ *     instead of GeneratedMessageV3.
+ */
+@Deprecated
+public abstract class GeneratedMessageV3 extends GeneratedMessage {
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+  protected GeneratedMessageV3() {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  protected GeneratedMessageV3(Builder<?> builder) {
+    super(builder);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Stub for GeneratedMessageV3.ExtendableBuilder wrapping GeneratedMessage.ExtendableBuilder for
+   * compatibility with older gencode.
+   *
+   * @deprecated This class is deprecated, and slated for removal in the next Java breaking change
+   *     (5.x in 2025 Q1). Users should update gencode to >= 4.26.x which uses
+   *     GeneratedMessage.ExtendableBuilder instead of GeneratedMessageV3.ExtendableBuilder.
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  public abstract static class ExtendableBuilder<
+          MessageT extends ExtendableMessage<MessageT>,
+          BuilderT extends ExtendableBuilder<MessageT, BuilderT>>
+      extends GeneratedMessage.ExtendableBuilder<MessageT, BuilderT>
+      implements GeneratedMessage.ExtendableMessageOrBuilder<MessageT> {
+    protected ExtendableBuilder() {
+      super();
+    }
+
+    protected ExtendableBuilder(BuilderParent parent) {
+      super(parent);
+    }
+
+    // Support old gencode override method removed in
+    // https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/7bff169d32710b143951ec6ce2c4ea9a56e2ad24
+    public <T> BuilderT setExtension(
+        final GeneratedMessage.GeneratedExtension<MessageT, T> extension, final T value) {
+      return setExtension((ExtensionLite<MessageT, T>) extension, value);
+    }
+
+    // Support old gencode override method removed in
+    // https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/7bff169d32710b143951ec6ce2c4ea9a56e2ad24
+    public <T> BuilderT setExtension(
+        final GeneratedMessage.GeneratedExtension<MessageT, List<T>> extension,
+        final int index,
+        final T value) {
+      return setExtension((ExtensionLite<MessageT, List<T>>) extension, index, value);
+    }
+
+    // Support old gencode override method removed in
+    // https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/7bff169d32710b143951ec6ce2c4ea9a56e2ad24
+    public <T> BuilderT addExtension(
+        final GeneratedMessage.GeneratedExtension<MessageT, List<T>> extension, final T value) {
+      return addExtension((ExtensionLite<MessageT, List<T>>) extension, value);
+    }
+
+    // Support old gencode override method removed in
+    // https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/7bff169d32710b143951ec6ce2c4ea9a56e2ad24
+    public <T> BuilderT clearExtension(
+        final GeneratedMessage.GeneratedExtension<MessageT, T> extension) {
+      return clearExtension((ExtensionLite<MessageT, T>) extension);
+    }
+  }
+}

java/core/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/RepeatedFieldBuilderV3.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+
+package com.google.protobuf;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Stub for RepeatedFieldBuilderV3 wrapping RepeatedFieldBuilder for compatibility with older
+ * gencode.
+ *
+ * @deprecated This class is deprecated, and slated for removal in the next breaking change. Users
+ *     should update gencode to >= 4.26.x which replaces RepeatedFieldBuilderV3 with
+ *     RepeatedFieldBuilder.
+ */
+@Deprecated
+public class RepeatedFieldBuilderV3<
+        MType extends GeneratedMessage,
+        BType extends GeneratedMessage.Builder,
+        IType extends MessageOrBuilder>
+    extends RepeatedFieldBuilder<MType, BType, IType> {
+
+  public RepeatedFieldBuilderV3(
+      List<MType> messages,
+      boolean isMessagesListMutable,
+      GeneratedMessage.BuilderParent parent,
+      boolean isClean) {
+    super(messages, isMessagesListMutable, parent, isClean);
+  }
+}

java/core/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/SingleFieldBuilderV3.java

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2024 Google LLC.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+
+package com.google.protobuf;
+
+/**
+ * Stub for SingleFieldBuilderV3 wrapping SingleFieldBuilder for compatibility with older gencode.
+ *
+ * @deprecated This class is deprecated, and slated for removal in the next breaking change. Users
+ *     should update gencode to >= 4.26.x which replaces SingleFieldBuilderV3 with
+ *     SingleFieldBuilder.
+ */
+@Deprecated
+public class SingleFieldBuilderV3<
+        MType extends GeneratedMessage,
+        BType extends GeneratedMessage.Builder,
+        IType extends MessageOrBuilder>
+    extends SingleFieldBuilder<MType, BType, IType> {
+
+  public SingleFieldBuilderV3(
+      MType message, GeneratedMessage.BuilderParent parent, boolean isClean) {
+    super(message, parent, isClean);
+  }
+}

java/core/src/test/java/com/google/protobuf/DescriptorsTest.java

@@ -352,8 +352,9 @@ public class DescriptorsTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testProto2FieldDescriptorLegacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed() throws Exception {
+    public void testFieldDescriptorLegacyEnumFieldTreatedAsOpen() throws Exception {
-      // Make an open enum definition.
+      // Make an open enum definition and message that treats enum fields as open.
+
       FileDescriptorProto openEnumFile =
           FileDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
               .setName("open_enum.proto")
@@ -367,30 +368,9 @@ public class DescriptorsTest {
                               .setNumber(0)
                               .build())
                       .build())
-              .build();
-      FileDescriptor openFileDescriptor =
-          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(openEnumFile, new FileDescriptor[0]);
-      EnumDescriptor openEnum = openFileDescriptor.getEnumTypes().get(0);
-      assertThat(openEnum.isClosed()).isFalse();
-
-      // Create a message that treats enum fields as closed.
-      FileDescriptorProto closedEnumFile =
-          FileDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
-              .setName("closed_enum_field.proto")
-              .addDependency("open_enum.proto")
-              .setSyntax("proto2")
-              .addEnumType(
-                  EnumDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
-                      .setName("TestEnum")
-                      .addValue(
-                          EnumValueDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
-                              .setName("TestEnum_VALUE0")
-                              .setNumber(0)
-                              .build())
-                      .build())
               .addMessageType(
                   DescriptorProto.newBuilder()
-                      .setName("TestClosedEnumField")
+                      .setName("TestOpenEnumField")
                       .addField(
                           FieldDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
                               .setName("int_field")
@@ -406,32 +386,21 @@ public class DescriptorsTest {
                               .setTypeName("TestEnumOpen")
                               .setLabel(FieldDescriptorProto.Label.LABEL_OPTIONAL)
                               .build())
-                      .addField(
-                          FieldDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
-                              .setName("closed_enum")
-                              .setNumber(3)
-                              .setType(FieldDescriptorProto.Type.TYPE_ENUM)
-                              .setTypeName("TestEnum")
-                              .setLabel(FieldDescriptorProto.Label.LABEL_OPTIONAL)
-                              .build())
                       .build())
               .build();
-      Descriptor closedMessage =
+      FileDescriptor openEnumFileDescriptor =
-          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(
+          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(openEnumFile, new FileDescriptor[0]);
-                  closedEnumFile, new FileDescriptor[] {openFileDescriptor})
+      Descriptor openMessage = openEnumFileDescriptor.getMessageTypes().get(0);
-              .getMessageTypes()
+      EnumDescriptor openEnum = openEnumFileDescriptor.findEnumTypeByName("TestEnumOpen");
-              .get(0);
+      assertThat(openEnum.isClosed()).isFalse();
-      assertThat(closedMessage.findFieldByName("int_field").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
+      assertThat(openMessage.findFieldByName("int_field").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
+          .isFalse();
+      assertThat(openMessage.findFieldByName("open_enum").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
           .isFalse();
-
-      assertThat(closedMessage.findFieldByName("closed_enum").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
-          .isTrue();
-      assertThat(closedMessage.findFieldByName("open_enum").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
-          .isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testEditionFieldDescriptorLegacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed() throws Exception {
+    public void testEditionFieldDescriptorLegacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosedUnknown() throws Exception {
       // Make an open enum definition.
       FileDescriptorProto openEnumFile =
           FileDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
@@ -536,12 +505,19 @@ public class DescriptorsTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testFieldDescriptorLegacyEnumFieldTreatedAsOpen() throws Exception {
+    public void testEditionFieldDescriptorLegacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosedCustomPool()
-      // Make an open enum definition and message that treats enum fields as open.
+        throws Exception {
+
+      FileDescriptor javaFeaturesDescriptor =
+          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(
+              JavaFeaturesProto.getDescriptor().toProto(),
+              new FileDescriptor[] {DescriptorProtos.getDescriptor()});
+      // Make an open enum definition.
       FileDescriptorProto openEnumFile =
           FileDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
               .setName("open_enum.proto")
-              .setSyntax("proto3")
+              .setSyntax("editions")
+              .setEdition(Edition.EDITION_2023)
               .addEnumType(
                   EnumDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
                       .setName("TestEnumOpen")
@@ -551,9 +527,38 @@ public class DescriptorsTest {
                               .setNumber(0)
                               .build())
                       .build())
+              .build();
+      FileDescriptor openFileDescriptor =
+          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(openEnumFile, new FileDescriptor[0]);
+      EnumDescriptor openEnum = openFileDescriptor.getEnumTypes().get(0);
+      assertThat(openEnum.isClosed()).isFalse();
+
+      // Create a message that treats enum fields as closed.
+      FileDescriptorProto editionsClosedEnumFile =
+          FileDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
+              .setName("editions_closed_enum_field.proto")
+              .addDependency("open_enum.proto")
+              .setSyntax("editions")
+              .setEdition(Edition.EDITION_2023)
+              .setOptions(
+                  FileOptions.newBuilder()
+                      .setFeatures(
+                          DescriptorProtos.FeatureSet.newBuilder()
+                              .setEnumType(DescriptorProtos.FeatureSet.EnumType.CLOSED)
+                              .build())
+                      .build())
+              .addEnumType(
+                  EnumDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
+                      .setName("TestEnum")
+                      .addValue(
+                          EnumValueDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
+                              .setName("TestEnum_VALUE0")
+                              .setNumber(0)
+                              .build())
+                      .build())
               .addMessageType(
                   DescriptorProto.newBuilder()
-                      .setName("TestOpenEnumField")
+                      .setName("TestClosedEnumField")
                       .addField(
                           FieldDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
                               .setName("int_field")
@@ -568,18 +573,53 @@ public class DescriptorsTest {
                               .setType(FieldDescriptorProto.Type.TYPE_ENUM)
                               .setTypeName("TestEnumOpen")
                               .setLabel(FieldDescriptorProto.Label.LABEL_OPTIONAL)
+                              .setOptions(
+                                  DescriptorProtos.FieldOptions.newBuilder()
+                                      .setFeatures(
+                                          DescriptorProtos.FeatureSet.newBuilder()
+                                              .setExtension(
+                                                  // Extension cannot be directly set using custom
+                                                  // descriptor, so set using generated for now.
+                                                  JavaFeaturesProto.java_,
+                                                  JavaFeaturesProto.JavaFeatures.newBuilder()
+                                                      .setLegacyClosedEnum(true)
+                                                      .build())
+                                              .build())
+                                      .build())
+                              .build())
+                      .addField(
+                          FieldDescriptorProto.newBuilder()
+                              .setName("closed_enum")
+                              .setNumber(3)
+                              .setType(FieldDescriptorProto.Type.TYPE_ENUM)
+                              .setTypeName("TestEnum")
+                              .setLabel(FieldDescriptorProto.Label.LABEL_OPTIONAL)
                               .build())
                       .build())
               .build();
-      FileDescriptor openEnumFileDescriptor =
+      // Reparse using custom java features descriptor.
-          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(openEnumFile, new FileDescriptor[0]);
+      ExtensionRegistry registry = ExtensionRegistry.newInstance();
-      Descriptor openMessage = openEnumFileDescriptor.getMessageTypes().get(0);
+      registry.add(
-      EnumDescriptor openEnum = openEnumFileDescriptor.findEnumTypeByName("TestEnumOpen");
+          javaFeaturesDescriptor.getExtensions().get(0),
-      assertThat(openEnum.isClosed()).isFalse();
+          DynamicMessage.getDefaultInstance(
-      assertThat(openMessage.findFieldByName("int_field").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
+              javaFeaturesDescriptor.getExtensions().get(0).getMessageType()));
-          .isFalse();
+      editionsClosedEnumFile =
-      assertThat(openMessage.findFieldByName("open_enum").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
+          FileDescriptorProto.parseFrom(editionsClosedEnumFile.toByteString(), registry);
+      Descriptor editionsClosedMessage =
+          Descriptors.FileDescriptor.buildFrom(
+                  editionsClosedEnumFile,
+                  new FileDescriptor[] {openFileDescriptor, javaFeaturesDescriptor})
+              .getMessageTypes()
+              .get(0);
+      assertThat(
+              editionsClosedMessage.findFieldByName("int_field").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
           .isFalse();
+      assertThat(
+              editionsClosedMessage.findFieldByName("closed_enum").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
+          .isTrue();
+      assertThat(
+              editionsClosedMessage.findFieldByName("open_enum").legacyEnumFieldTreatedAsClosed())
+          .isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test

java/core/src/test/proto/com/google/protobuf/lite_equals_and_hash.proto

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ message Foo {
     MyGroup mygroup = 5 [features.message_encoding = DELIMITED];
   }
 
-  // LINT: ALLOW_GROUPS
   message MyGroup {
     int32 value = 1;
   }

php/ext/google/protobuf/php-upb.c

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ error UPB_TRACING_ENABLED Tracing should be disabled in production builds
 #define UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(name, type)     \
   extern type const __start_linkarr_##name; \
   extern type const __stop_linkarr_##name;  \
-  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1] = {0}
+  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1]
 #define UPB_LINKARR_START(name) (&__start_linkarr_##name)
 #define UPB_LINKARR_STOP(name) (&__stop_linkarr_##name)
 
@@ -386,14 +386,14 @@ error UPB_TRACING_ENABLED Tracing should be disabled in production builds
 
 /* As described in: https://stackoverflow.com/a/22366882 */
 #define UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) \
-  __attribute__((retain, used, section("__DATA,la_" #name)))
+  __attribute__((retain, used, section("__DATA,__la_" #name)))
 #define UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(name, type)           \
   extern type const __start_linkarr_##name __asm( \
-      "section$start$__DATA$la_" #name);          \
+      "section$start$__DATA$__la_" #name);        \
   extern type const __stop_linkarr_##name __asm(  \
       "section$end$__DATA$"                       \
-      "la_" #name);                               \
+      "__la_" #name);                             \
-  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1] = {0}
+  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1]
 #define UPB_LINKARR_START(name) (&__start_linkarr_##name)
 #define UPB_LINKARR_STOP(name) (&__stop_linkarr_##name)
 
@@ -487,6 +487,7 @@ void upb_Status_VAppendErrorFormat(upb_Status* status, const char* fmt,
 
 // Must be last.
 
+extern const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_StaticallyTreeShaken);
 static const upb_MiniTableSubInternal google_protobuf_FileDescriptorSet_submsgs[1] = {
   {.UPB_PRIVATE(submsg) = &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorProto_msg_init_ptr},
 };
@@ -1641,42 +1642,6 @@ const upb_MiniTable google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init = {
 };
 
 const upb_MiniTable* google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init_ptr = &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init;
-static const upb_MiniTable *messages_layout[33] = {
-  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorSet_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ExtensionRange_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ReservedRange_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions__Declaration_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__OneofDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto__EnumReservedRange_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumValueDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ServiceDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__MethodDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FileOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__MessageOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__EditionDefault_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__FeatureSupport_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__OneofOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumValueOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ServiceOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__MethodOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption__NamePart_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FeatureSet_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults__FeatureSetEditionDefault_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo__Location_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init,
-};
-
 const upb_MiniTableEnum google_protobuf_Edition_enum_init = {
     64,
     9,
@@ -1839,6 +1804,42 @@ const upb_MiniTableEnum google_protobuf_MethodOptions_IdempotencyLevel_enum_init
     },
 };
 
+static const upb_MiniTable *messages_layout[33] = {
+  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorSet_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ExtensionRange_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ReservedRange_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions__Declaration_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__OneofDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto__EnumReservedRange_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumValueDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ServiceDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__MethodDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FileOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__MessageOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__EditionDefault_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__FeatureSupport_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__OneofOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumValueOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ServiceOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__MethodOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption__NamePart_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FeatureSet_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults__FeatureSetEditionDefault_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo__Location_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init,
+};
+
 static const upb_MiniTableEnum *enums_layout[17] = {
   &google_protobuf_Edition_enum_init,
   &google_protobuf_ExtensionRangeOptions_VerificationState_enum_init,
@@ -7567,15 +7568,15 @@ failure:
 
 #ifdef UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE
 
-UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(upb_AllExts, const upb_MiniTableExtension*);
+UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(upb_AllExts, upb_MiniTableExtension);
 
 bool upb_ExtensionRegistry_AddAllLinkedExtensions(upb_ExtensionRegistry* r) {
-  const upb_MiniTableExtension* const* start = UPB_LINKARR_START(upb_AllExts);
+  const upb_MiniTableExtension* start = UPB_LINKARR_START(upb_AllExts);
-  const upb_MiniTableExtension* const* stop = UPB_LINKARR_STOP(upb_AllExts);
+  const upb_MiniTableExtension* stop = UPB_LINKARR_STOP(upb_AllExts);
-  for (const upb_MiniTableExtension* const* p = start; p < stop; p++) {
+  for (const upb_MiniTableExtension* p = start; p < stop; p++) {
     // Windows can introduce zero padding, so we have to skip zeroes.
-    if (*p != 0) {
+    if (upb_MiniTableExtension_Number(p) != 0) {
-      if (!upb_ExtensionRegistry_Add(r, *p)) return false;
+      if (!upb_ExtensionRegistry_Add(r, p)) return false;
     }
   }
   return true;
@@ -12614,7 +12615,12 @@ char* upb_MtDataEncoder_EndEnum(upb_MtDataEncoder* e, char* ptr) {
 
 // Must be last.
 
-// A MiniTable for an empty message, used for unlinked sub-messages.
+// A MiniTable for an empty message, used for unlinked sub-messages that are
+// built via MiniDescriptors.  Messages that use this MiniTable may possibly
+// be linked later, in which case this MiniTable will be replaced with a real
+// one.  This pattern is known as "dynamic tree shaking", and it introduces
+// complication because sub-messages may either be the "empty" type or the
+// "real" type.  A tagged bit indicates the difference.
 const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_Empty) = {
     .UPB_PRIVATE(subs) = NULL,
     .UPB_PRIVATE(fields) = NULL,
@@ -12626,6 +12632,21 @@ const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_Empty) = {
     .UPB_PRIVATE(required_count) = 0,
 };
 
+// A MiniTable for a statically tree shaken message.  Messages that use this
+// MiniTable are guaranteed to remain unlinked; unlike the empty message, this
+// MiniTable is never replaced, which greatly simplifies everything, because the
+// type of a sub-message is always known, without consulting a tagged bit.
+const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_StaticallyTreeShaken) = {
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(subs) = NULL,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(fields) = NULL,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(size) = sizeof(struct upb_Message),
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(field_count) = 0,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(ext) = kUpb_ExtMode_NonExtendable,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(dense_below) = 0,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(table_mask) = -1,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(required_count) = 0,
+};
+
 
 
 // Must be last.
@@ -13944,8 +13965,7 @@ bool _upb_FieldDef_ValidateUtf8(const upb_FieldDef* f) {
 
 bool _upb_FieldDef_IsGroupLike(const upb_FieldDef* f) {
   // Groups are always tag-delimited.
-  if (UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_message_encoding)(upb_FieldDef_ResolvedFeatures(f)) !=
+  if (f->type_ != kUpb_FieldType_Group) {
-      UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_DELIMITED)) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -14382,12 +14402,6 @@ static void _upb_FieldDef_Create(upb_DefBuilder* ctx, const char* prefix,
       UPB_DESC(FieldDescriptorProto_has_type_name)(field_proto);
 
   f->type_ = (int)UPB_DESC(FieldDescriptorProto_type)(field_proto);
-  if (f->type_ == kUpb_FieldType_Message &&
-      // TODO: remove once we can deprecate kUpb_FieldType_Group.
-      UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_message_encoding)(f->resolved_features) ==
-          UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_DELIMITED)) {
-    f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Group;
-  }
 
   if (has_type) {
     switch (f->type_) {
@@ -14408,7 +14422,7 @@ static void _upb_FieldDef_Create(upb_DefBuilder* ctx, const char* prefix,
     }
   }
 
-  if (!has_type && has_type_name) {
+  if ((!has_type && has_type_name) || f->type_ == kUpb_FieldType_Message) {
     f->type_ =
         UPB_FIELD_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;  // We'll assign this in resolve_subdef()
   } else {
@@ -14558,8 +14572,15 @@ static void resolve_subdef(upb_DefBuilder* ctx, const char* prefix,
           break;
         case UPB_DEFTYPE_MSG:
           f->sub.msgdef = def;
-          f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Message;  // It appears there is no way of
+          f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Message;
-                                              // this being a group.
+          // TODO: remove once we can deprecate
+          // kUpb_FieldType_Group.
+          if (UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_message_encoding)(f->resolved_features) ==
+                  UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_DELIMITED) &&
+              !upb_MessageDef_IsMapEntry(def) &&
+              !(f->msgdef && upb_MessageDef_IsMapEntry(f->msgdef))) {
+            f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Group;
+          }
           f->has_presence = !upb_FieldDef_IsRepeated(f);
           break;
         default:

php/ext/google/protobuf/protobuf.c

@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ static PHP_GINIT_FUNCTION(protobuf) { protobuf_globals->global_symtab = NULL; }
 static PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(protobuf) {
   // Create the global generated pool.
   // Reuse the symtab (if any) left to us by the last request.
-  upb_DefPool* symtab = PROTOBUF_G(global_symtab);
+  if (!PROTOBUF_G(global_symtab)) {
-  if (!symtab) {
+    zend_bool persistent = PROTOBUF_G(keep_descriptor_pool_after_request);
-    PROTOBUF_G(global_symtab) = symtab = upb_DefPool_New();
+    PROTOBUF_G(global_symtab) = upb_DefPool_New();
-    zend_hash_init(&PROTOBUF_G(name_msg_cache), 64, NULL, NULL, 0);
+    zend_hash_init(&PROTOBUF_G(name_msg_cache), 64, NULL, NULL, persistent);
-    zend_hash_init(&PROTOBUF_G(name_enum_cache), 64, NULL, NULL, 0);
+    zend_hash_init(&PROTOBUF_G(name_enum_cache), 64, NULL, NULL, persistent);
   }
 
   zend_hash_init(&PROTOBUF_G(object_cache), 64, NULL, NULL, 0);
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ zend_module_entry protobuf_module_entry = {
     protobuf_functions,            // function list
     PHP_MINIT(protobuf),           // process startup
     PHP_MSHUTDOWN(protobuf),       // process shutdown
-    PHP_RINIT(protobuf),           // request shutdown
+    PHP_RINIT(protobuf),           // request startup
     PHP_RSHUTDOWN(protobuf),       // request shutdown
     NULL,                          // extension info
     PHP_PROTOBUF_VERSION,          // extension version

protobuf_deps.bzl

@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ def protobuf_deps():
         http_archive(
             name = "zlib",
             build_file = Label("//:third_party/zlib.BUILD"),
-            sha256 = "d14c38e313afc35a9a8760dadf26042f51ea0f5d154b0630a31da0540107fb98",
+            sha256 = "38ef96b8dfe510d42707d9c781877914792541133e1870841463bfa73f883e32",
-            strip_prefix = "zlib-1.2.13",
+            strip_prefix = "zlib-1.3.1",
             urls = [
-                "https://github.com/madler/zlib/releases/download/v1.2.13/zlib-1.2.13.tar.xz",
+                "https://github.com/madler/zlib/releases/download/v1.3.1/zlib-1.3.1.tar.xz",
-                "https://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.13.tar.xz",
+                "https://zlib.net/zlib-1.3.1.tar.xz",
             ],
         )
 
@@ -100,15 +100,15 @@ def protobuf_deps():
     if not native.existing_rule("rules_python"):
         http_archive(
             name = "rules_python",
-            sha256 = "9d04041ac92a0985e344235f5d946f71ac543f1b1565f2cdbc9a2aaee8adf55b",
+            sha256 = "d70cd72a7a4880f0000a6346253414825c19cdd40a28289bdf67b8e6480edff8",
-            strip_prefix = "rules_python-0.26.0",
+            strip_prefix = "rules_python-0.28.0",
-            url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/releases/download/0.26.0/rules_python-0.26.0.tar.gz",
+            url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/releases/download/0.28.0/rules_python-0.28.0.tar.gz",
         )
 
     if not native.existing_rule("system_python"):
         system_python(
             name = "system_python",
-            minimum_python_version = "3.7",
+            minimum_python_version = "3.8",
         )
 
     if not native.existing_rule("rules_jvm_external"):

protos/BUILD

@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ cc_test(
     copts = UPB_DEFAULT_CPPOPTS,
     deps = [
         ":protos_internal",
-        "//protos_generator/tests:test_model_upb_cc_proto",
+        "//hpb_generator/tests:test_model_upb_cc_proto",
-        "//protos_generator/tests:test_model_upb_proto",
+        "//hpb_generator/tests:test_model_upb_proto",
         "//upb:mem",
         "@com_google_googletest//:gtest",
         "@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main",
@@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ cc_test(
     name = "protos_extension_lock_test",
     srcs = ["protos_extension_lock_test.cc"],
     deps = [
+        "//hpb_generator/tests:test_model_upb_cc_proto",
         "//protos",
         "//protos:protos_extension_lock",
-        "//protos_generator/tests:test_model_upb_cc_proto",
         "//upb:mem",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/hash",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_check",

protos/bazel/upb_cc_proto_library.bzl

@@ -63,11 +63,7 @@ def _generate_output_file(ctx, src, extension):
     return ret
 
 def _filter_none(elems):
-    out = []
+    return [e for e in elems if e]
-    for elem in elems:
-        if elem:
-            out.append(elem)
-    return out
 
 def _cc_library_func(ctx, name, hdrs, srcs, copts, dep_ccinfos):
     """Like cc_library(), but callable from rules.
@@ -244,7 +240,7 @@ _upb_cc_proto_library_aspect = aspect(
         "_gen_upbprotos": attr.label(
             executable = True,
             cfg = "exec",
-            default = "//protos_generator:protoc-gen-upb-protos",
+            default = "//hpb_generator:protoc-gen-upb-protos",
         ),
         "_protoc": attr.label(
             executable = True,

protos/protos_extension_lock_test.cc

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include "absl/hash/hash.h"
 #include "absl/log/absl_check.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/tests/test_model.upb.proto.h"
 #include "protos/protos.h"
-#include "protos_generator/tests/test_model.upb.proto.h"
 #include "upb/mem/arena.hpp"
 
 #ifndef ASSERT_OK
@@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ void TestConcurrentExtensionAccess(::protos::ExtensionRegistry registry) {
   test_theme();
   test_theme_extension();
 }
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+// TODO Re-enable this once github runner issue is resolved.
 
 TEST(CppGeneratedCode, ConcurrentAccessDoesNotRaceBothLazy) {
   ::upb::Arena arena;
@@ -120,5 +122,7 @@ TEST(CppGeneratedCode, ConcurrentAccessDoesNotRaceBothEager) {
       {{&theme, &ThemeExtension::theme_extension}, arena});
 }
 
+#endif  // _MSC_VER
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace protos_generator::test::protos

protos/protos_internal_test.cc

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include "protos_generator/tests/test_model.upb.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/tests/test_model.upb.h"
-#include "protos_generator/tests/test_model.upb.proto.h"
+#include "hpb_generator/tests/test_model.upb.proto.h"
 #include "upb/mem/arena.h"
 
 namespace protos::testing {

python/dist/system_python.bzl

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ pip_parse = pip_install
 
 # Alias rules_python's pip.bzl for cases where a system python is found.
 _alias_pip = """
-load("@rules_python//python:pip.bzl", _pip_install = "pip_install", _pip_parse = "pip_parse")
+load("@rules_python//python:pip.bzl", _pip_parse = "pip_parse")
 
 def _get_requirements(requirements, requirements_overrides):
     for version, override in requirements_overrides.items():
@@ -45,18 +45,14 @@ def _get_requirements(requirements, requirements_overrides):
             break
     return requirements
 
-def pip_install(requirements, requirements_overrides={{}}, **kwargs):
-    _pip_install(
-        python_interpreter_target = "@{repo}//:interpreter",
-        requirements = _get_requirements(requirements, requirements_overrides),
-        **kwargs,
-    )
 def pip_parse(requirements, requirements_overrides={{}}, **kwargs):
     _pip_parse(
         python_interpreter_target = "@{repo}//:interpreter",
-        requirements = _get_requirements(requirements, requirements_overrides),
+        requirements_lock = _get_requirements(requirements, requirements_overrides),
         **kwargs,
     )
+
+pip_install = pip_parse
 """
 
 _mock_fuzzing_py = """

python/google/protobuf/descriptor.py

@@ -708,6 +708,9 @@ class FieldDescriptor(DescriptorBase):
     if (
         self._GetFeatures().message_encoding
         == _FEATURESET_MESSAGE_ENCODING_DELIMITED
+        and self.message_type
+        and not self.message_type.GetOptions().map_entry
+        and not self.containing_type.GetOptions().map_entry
     ):
       return FieldDescriptor.TYPE_GROUP
     return self._type

python/google/protobuf/internal/descriptor_pool_test.py

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ from google.protobuf.internal import more_messages_pb2
 from google.protobuf.internal import no_package_pb2
 from google.protobuf.internal import testing_refleaks
 
+from google.protobuf import duration_pb2
+from google.protobuf import timestamp_pb2
 from google.protobuf import unittest_features_pb2
 from google.protobuf import unittest_import_pb2
 from google.protobuf import unittest_import_public_pb2
@@ -435,6 +437,8 @@ class DescriptorPoolTestBase(object):
     self.assertEqual(file2.name,
                      'google/protobuf/internal/factory_test2.proto')
     self.testFindMessageTypeByName()
+    self.pool.AddSerializedFile(timestamp_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
+    self.pool.AddSerializedFile(duration_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
     file_json = self.pool.AddSerializedFile(
         more_messages_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
     field = file_json.message_types_by_name['class'].fields_by_name['int_field']
@@ -542,12 +546,18 @@ class DescriptorPoolTestBase(object):
         # that uses a DescriptorDatabase.
         # TODO: Fix python and cpp extension diff.
         return
+    timestamp_desc = descriptor_pb2.FileDescriptorProto.FromString(
+        timestamp_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
+    duration_desc = descriptor_pb2.FileDescriptorProto.FromString(
+        duration_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
     more_messages_desc = descriptor_pb2.FileDescriptorProto.FromString(
         more_messages_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
     test1_desc = descriptor_pb2.FileDescriptorProto.FromString(
         descriptor_pool_test1_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
     test2_desc = descriptor_pb2.FileDescriptorProto.FromString(
         descriptor_pool_test2_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.serialized_pb)
+    self.pool.Add(timestamp_desc)
+    self.pool.Add(duration_desc)
     self.pool.Add(more_messages_desc)
     self.pool.Add(test1_desc)
     self.pool.Add(test2_desc)

python/google/protobuf/internal/message_test.py

@@ -82,6 +82,19 @@ class MessageTest(unittest.TestCase):
     golden_copy = copy.deepcopy(golden_message)
     self.assertEqual(golden_data, golden_copy.SerializeToString())
 
+  def testGoldenMessageBytearray(self, message_module):
+    # bytearray was broken, test that it works again
+    if message_module is unittest_pb2:
+      golden_data = test_util.GoldenFileData('golden_message_oneof_implemented')
+    else:
+      golden_data = test_util.GoldenFileData('golden_message_proto3')
+
+    golden_message = message_module.TestAllTypes()
+    golden_message.ParseFromString(bytearray(golden_data))
+    if message_module is unittest_pb2:
+      test_util.ExpectAllFieldsSet(self, golden_message)
+    self.assertEqual(golden_data, golden_message.SerializeToString())
+
   def testGoldenPackedMessage(self, message_module):
     golden_data = test_util.GoldenFileData('golden_packed_fields_message')
     golden_message = message_module.TestPackedTypes()

python/google/protobuf/internal/more_messages.proto

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ syntax = "proto2";
 
 package google.protobuf.internal;
 
+import "google/protobuf/duration.proto";
+import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";
+
 // A message where tag numbers are listed out of order, to allow us to test our
 // canonicalization of serialized output, which should always be in tag order.
 // We also mix in some extensions for extra fun.
@@ -348,3 +351,8 @@ message ConflictJsonName {
   optional int32 value = 1 [json_name = "old_value"];
   optional int32 new_value = 2 [json_name = "value"];
 }
+
+message WKTMessage {
+  optional Timestamp optional_timestamp = 1;
+  optional Duration optional_duration = 2;
+}

python/google/protobuf/internal/pybind11_test_module.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2024 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+
+// Author: timdn@google.com (Tim Niemueller)
+
+#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "google/protobuf/message.h"
+#include "google/protobuf/internal/self_recursive.pb.h"
+#include "third_party/pybind11_protobuf/native_proto_caster.h"
+
+namespace google::protobuf::python {
+
+namespace py = pybind11;
+
+void invoke_callback_on_message(py::object callback,
+                                const google::protobuf::Message& exemplar) {
+  std::shared_ptr<google::protobuf::Message> new_msg(exemplar.New());
+  callback(new_msg);
+}
+
+PYBIND11_MODULE(pybind11_test_module, m) {
+  pybind11_protobuf::ImportNativeProtoCasters();
+  google::protobuf::LinkMessageReflection<
+      google::protobuf::python::internal::SelfRecursive>();
+
+  m.def("invoke_callback_on_message", &invoke_callback_on_message,
+        py::arg("callback"), py::arg("message"));
+}
+
+}  // namespace protobuf
+}  // namespace google::python

python/google/protobuf/internal/python_message.py

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ this file*.
 
 __author__ = 'robinson@google.com (Will Robinson)'
 
+import datetime
 from io import BytesIO
 import struct
 import sys
@@ -536,9 +537,26 @@ def _AddInitMethod(message_descriptor, cls):
         self._fields[field] = copy
       elif field.cpp_type == _FieldDescriptor.CPPTYPE_MESSAGE:
         copy = field._default_constructor(self)
+        new_val = None
+        if isinstance(field_value, message_mod.Message):
           new_val = field_value
-        if isinstance(field_value, dict):
+        elif isinstance(field_value, dict):
           new_val = field.message_type._concrete_class(**field_value)
+        elif field.message_type.full_name == 'google.protobuf.Timestamp':
+          copy.FromDatetime(field_value)
+        elif field.message_type.full_name == 'google.protobuf.Duration':
+          copy.FromTimedelta(field_value)
+        else:
+          raise TypeError(
+              'Message field {0}.{1} must be initialized with a '
+              'dict or instance of same class, got {2}.'.format(
+                  message_descriptor.name,
+                  field_name,
+                  type(field_value).__name__,
+              )
+          )
+
+        if new_val:
           try:
             copy.MergeFrom(new_val)
           except TypeError:
@@ -753,8 +771,17 @@ def _AddPropertiesForNonRepeatedCompositeField(field, cls):
   # We define a setter just so we can throw an exception with a more
   # helpful error message.
   def setter(self, new_value):
-    raise AttributeError('Assignment not allowed to composite field '
+    if field.message_type.full_name == 'google.protobuf.Timestamp':
-                         '"%s" in protocol message object.' % proto_field_name)
+      getter(self)
+      self._fields[field].FromDatetime(new_value)
+    elif field.message_type.full_name == 'google.protobuf.Duration':
+      getter(self)
+      self._fields[field].FromTimedelta(new_value)
+    else:
+      raise AttributeError(
+          'Assignment not allowed to composite field '
+          '"%s" in protocol message object.' % proto_field_name
+      )
 
   # Add a property to encapsulate the getter.
   doc = 'Magic attribute generated for "%s" proto field.' % proto_field_name

python/google/protobuf/internal/recursive_message_pybind11_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""Regression test for self or indirect recursive messages with pybind11."""
+
+from google.protobuf.internal import pybind11_test_module
+from google.protobuf.internal import self_recursive_from_py_pb2
+from google3.testing.pybase import unittest
+
+
+class RecursiveMessagePybind11Test(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def test_self_recursive_message_callback(self):
+    called = False
+
+    def callback(
+        msg: self_recursive_from_py_pb2.ContainsSelfRecursive,
+    ) -> None:
+      nonlocal called
+      called = True
+
+    # Without proper handling of message factories (in pyext/message.cc New)
+    # this will stack overflow
+    pybind11_test_module.invoke_callback_on_message(
+        callback, self_recursive_from_py_pb2.ContainsSelfRecursive()
+    )
+    self.assertTrue(called)
+
+  def test_indirect_recursive_message_callback(self):
+    called = False
+
+    def callback(
+        msg: self_recursive_from_py_pb2.ContainsIndirectRecursive,
+    ) -> None:
+      nonlocal called
+      called = True
+
+    # Without proper handling of message factories (in pyext/message.cc New)
+    # this will stack overflow
+    pybind11_test_module.invoke_callback_on_message(
+        callback, self_recursive_from_py_pb2.ContainsIndirectRecursive()
+    )
+    self.assertTrue(called)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+  unittest.main()

python/google/protobuf/internal/self_recursive.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2024 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+package google.protobuf.python.internal;
+
+message SelfRecursive {
+  optional SelfRecursive sub = 1;
+}
+
+message IndirectRecursive {
+  optional IntermediateRecursive intermediate = 1;
+}
+
+message IntermediateRecursive {
+  optional IndirectRecursive indirect = 1;
+}

python/google/protobuf/internal/self_recursive_from_py.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2024 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+// https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+package google.protobuf.python.internal;
+
+import "google/protobuf/internal/self_recursive.proto";
+
+message ContainsSelfRecursive {
+  optional SelfRecursive recursive = 1;
+}
+
+message ContainsIndirectRecursive {
+  optional IndirectRecursive recursive = 1;
+}

python/google/protobuf/internal/well_known_types.py

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ import calendar
 import collections.abc
 import datetime
 import warnings
-
 from google.protobuf.internal import field_mask
+from typing import Union
 
 FieldMask = field_mask.FieldMask
 
@@ -271,12 +271,35 @@ class Timestamp(object):
     # manipulated into a long value of seconds.  During the conversion from
     # struct_time to long, the source date in UTC, and so it follows that the
     # correct transformation is calendar.timegm()
+    try:
       seconds = calendar.timegm(dt.utctimetuple())
       nanos = dt.microsecond * _NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND
+    except AttributeError as e:
+      raise AttributeError(
+          'Fail to convert to Timestamp. Expected a datetime like '
+          'object got {0} : {1}'.format(type(dt).__name__, e)
+      ) from e
     _CheckTimestampValid(seconds, nanos)
     self.seconds = seconds
     self.nanos = nanos
 
+  def __add__(self, value) -> datetime.datetime:
+    if isinstance(value, Duration):
+      return self.ToDatetime() + value.ToTimedelta()
+    return self.ToDatetime() + value
+
+  __radd__ = __add__
+
+  def __sub__(self, value) -> Union[datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta]:
+    if isinstance(value, Timestamp):
+      return self.ToDatetime() - value.ToDatetime()
+    elif isinstance(value, Duration):
+      return self.ToDatetime() - value.ToTimedelta()
+    return self.ToDatetime() - value
+
+  def __rsub__(self, dt) -> datetime.timedelta:
+    return dt - self.ToDatetime()
+
 
 def _CheckTimestampValid(seconds, nanos):
   if seconds < _TIMESTAMP_SECONDS_MIN or seconds > _TIMESTAMP_SECONDS_MAX:
@@ -408,8 +431,16 @@ class Duration(object):
 
   def FromTimedelta(self, td):
     """Converts timedelta to Duration."""
-    self._NormalizeDuration(td.seconds + td.days * _SECONDS_PER_DAY,
+    try:
-                            td.microseconds * _NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND)
+      self._NormalizeDuration(
+          td.seconds + td.days * _SECONDS_PER_DAY,
+          td.microseconds * _NANOS_PER_MICROSECOND,
+      )
+    except AttributeError as e:
+      raise AttributeError(
+          'Fail to convert to Duration. Expected a timedelta like '
+          'object got {0}: {1}'.format(type(td).__name__, e)
+      ) from e
 
   def _NormalizeDuration(self, seconds, nanos):
     """Set Duration by seconds and nanos."""
@@ -420,6 +451,16 @@ class Duration(object):
     self.seconds = seconds
     self.nanos = nanos
 
+  def __add__(self, value) -> Union[datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta]:
+    if isinstance(value, Timestamp):
+      return self.ToTimedelta() + value.ToDatetime()
+    return self.ToTimedelta() + value
+
+  __radd__ = __add__
+
+  def __rsub__(self, dt) -> Union[datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta]:
+    return dt - self.ToTimedelta()
+
 
 def _CheckDurationValid(seconds, nanos):
   if seconds < -_DURATION_SECONDS_MAX or seconds > _DURATION_SECONDS_MAX:

python/google/protobuf/internal/well_known_types_test.py

@@ -13,13 +13,15 @@ import collections.abc as collections_abc
 import datetime
 import unittest
 
-from google.protobuf import any_pb2
+from google.protobuf import text_format
 from google.protobuf.internal import any_test_pb2
+from google.protobuf.internal import more_messages_pb2
+from google.protobuf.internal import well_known_types
+
+from google.protobuf import any_pb2
 from google.protobuf import duration_pb2
 from google.protobuf import struct_pb2
 from google.protobuf import timestamp_pb2
-from google.protobuf.internal import well_known_types
-from google.protobuf import text_format
 from google.protobuf.internal import _parameterized
 from google.protobuf import unittest_pb2
 
@@ -351,6 +353,123 @@ class TimeUtilTest(TimeUtilTestBase):
         tz_aware_min_datetime, ts.ToDatetime(datetime.timezone.utc)
     )
 
+  # Two hours after the Unix Epoch, around the world.
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      ('London', [1970, 1, 1, 2], datetime.timezone.utc),
+      ('Tokyo', [1970, 1, 1, 11], _TZ_JAPAN),
+      ('LA', [1969, 12, 31, 18], _TZ_PACIFIC),
+  )
+  def testTimestampAssignment(self, date_parts, tzinfo):
+    original_datetime = datetime.datetime(*date_parts, tzinfo=tzinfo)  # pylint:disable=g-tzinfo-datetime
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg.optional_timestamp = original_datetime
+    self.assertEqual(7200, msg.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(0, msg.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+  # Two hours after the Unix Epoch, around the world.
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      ('London', [1970, 1, 1, 2], datetime.timezone.utc),
+      ('Tokyo', [1970, 1, 1, 11], _TZ_JAPAN),
+      ('LA', [1969, 12, 31, 18], _TZ_PACIFIC),
+  )
+  def testTimestampCreation(self, date_parts, tzinfo):
+    original_datetime = datetime.datetime(*date_parts, tzinfo=tzinfo)  # pylint:disable=g-tzinfo-datetime
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage(optional_timestamp=original_datetime)
+    self.assertEqual(7200, msg.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(0, msg.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    msg2 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage(
+        optional_timestamp=msg.optional_timestamp
+    )
+    self.assertEqual(7200, msg2.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(0, msg2.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      (
+          'tz_aware_min_dt',
+          datetime.datetime(1, 1, 1, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=9),
+          -62135564400,
+          0,
+      ),
+      (
+          'no_change',
+          datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1, 11, tzinfo=_TZ_JAPAN),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=0),
+          7200,
+          0,
+      ),
+  )
+  def testTimestampAdd(self, old_time, time_delta, expected_sec, expected_nano):
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg.optional_timestamp = old_time
+
+    # Timestamp + timedelta
+    new_msg1 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    new_msg1.optional_timestamp = msg.optional_timestamp + time_delta
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, new_msg1.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, new_msg1.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    # timedelta + Timestamp
+    new_msg2 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    new_msg2.optional_timestamp = time_delta + msg.optional_timestamp
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, new_msg2.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, new_msg2.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    # Timestamp + Duration
+    msg.optional_duration.FromTimedelta(time_delta)
+    new_msg3 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    new_msg3.optional_timestamp = msg.optional_timestamp + msg.optional_duration
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, new_msg3.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, new_msg3.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      (
+          'test1',
+          datetime.datetime(999, 1, 1, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=9),
+          -30641792400,
+          0,
+      ),
+      (
+          'no_change',
+          datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1, 11, tzinfo=_TZ_JAPAN),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=0),
+          7200,
+          0,
+      ),
+  )
+  def testTimestampSub(self, old_time, time_delta, expected_sec, expected_nano):
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg.optional_timestamp = old_time
+
+    # Timestamp - timedelta
+    new_msg1 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    new_msg1.optional_timestamp = msg.optional_timestamp - time_delta
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, new_msg1.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, new_msg1.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    # Timestamp - Duration
+    msg.optional_duration = time_delta
+    new_msg2 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    new_msg2.optional_timestamp = msg.optional_timestamp - msg.optional_duration
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, new_msg2.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, new_msg2.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    result_msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    result_msg.optional_timestamp = old_time - time_delta
+    # Timestamp - Timestamp
+    td = msg.optional_timestamp - result_msg.optional_timestamp
+    self.assertEqual(time_delta, td)
+
+    # Timestamp - datetime
+    td1 = msg.optional_timestamp - result_msg.optional_timestamp.ToDatetime()
+    self.assertEqual(time_delta, td1)
+
+    # datetime - Timestamp
+    td2 = msg.optional_timestamp.ToDatetime() - result_msg.optional_timestamp
+    self.assertEqual(time_delta, td2)
+
   def testNanosOneSecond(self):
     tz = _TZ_PACIFIC
     ts = timestamp_pb2.Timestamp(nanos=1_000_000_000)
@@ -413,6 +532,18 @@ class TimeUtilTest(TimeUtilTestBase):
                            message.ToJsonString)
     self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'Timestamp is not valid',
                            message.FromSeconds, -62135596801)
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+      msg.optional_timestamp = 1
+
+    with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+      msg2 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage(optional_timestamp=1)
+
+    with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+      msg.optional_timestamp + ''
+
+    with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+      msg.optional_timestamp - 123
 
   def testInvalidDuration(self):
     message = duration_pb2.Duration()
@@ -446,6 +577,105 @@ class TimeUtilTest(TimeUtilTestBase):
     self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
                            r'Duration is not valid\: Sign mismatch.',
                            message.ToJsonString)
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+      msg.optional_duration = 1
+
+    with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+      msg2 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage(optional_duration=1)
+
+    with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+      msg.optional_duration + ''
+
+    with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+      123 - msg.optional_duration
+
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      ('test1', -1999999, -1, -999999000), ('test2', 1999999, 1, 999999000)
+  )
+  def testDurationAssignment(self, microseconds, expected_sec, expected_nano):
+    message = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    expected_td = datetime.timedelta(microseconds=microseconds)
+    message.optional_duration = expected_td
+    self.assertEqual(expected_td, message.optional_duration.ToTimedelta())
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, message.optional_duration.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, message.optional_duration.nanos)
+
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      ('test1', -1999999, -1, -999999000), ('test2', 1999999, 1, 999999000)
+  )
+  def testDurationCreation(self, microseconds, expected_sec, expected_nano):
+    message = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage(
+        optional_duration=datetime.timedelta(microseconds=microseconds)
+    )
+    expected_td = datetime.timedelta(microseconds=microseconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_td, message.optional_duration.ToTimedelta())
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, message.optional_duration.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, message.optional_duration.nanos)
+
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      (
+          'tz_aware_min_dt',
+          datetime.datetime(1, 1, 1, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=9),
+          -62135564400,
+          0,
+      ),
+      (
+          'no_change',
+          datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1, 11, tzinfo=_TZ_JAPAN),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=0),
+          7200,
+          0,
+      ),
+  )
+  def testDurationAdd(self, old_time, time_delta, expected_sec, expected_nano):
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg.optional_duration = time_delta
+    msg.optional_timestamp = old_time
+
+    # Duration + datetime
+    msg1 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg1.optional_timestamp = msg.optional_duration + old_time
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, msg1.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, msg1.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    # datetime + Duration
+    msg2 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg2.optional_timestamp = old_time + msg.optional_duration
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, msg2.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, msg2.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+    # Duration + Timestamp
+    msg3 = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg3.optional_timestamp = msg.optional_duration + msg.optional_timestamp
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, msg3.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, msg3.optional_timestamp.nanos)
+
+  @_parameterized.named_parameters(
+      (
+          'test1',
+          datetime.datetime(999, 1, 1, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=9),
+          -30641792400,
+          0,
+      ),
+      (
+          'no_change',
+          datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1, 11, tzinfo=_TZ_JAPAN),
+          datetime.timedelta(hours=0),
+          7200,
+          0,
+      ),
+  )
+  def testDurationSub(self, old_time, time_delta, expected_sec, expected_nano):
+    msg = more_messages_pb2.WKTMessage()
+    msg.optional_duration = time_delta
+
+    # datetime - Duration
+    msg.optional_timestamp = old_time - msg.optional_duration
+    self.assertEqual(expected_sec, msg.optional_timestamp.seconds)
+    self.assertEqual(expected_nano, msg.optional_timestamp.nanos)
 
 
 class StructTest(unittest.TestCase):

python/google/protobuf/message_factory.py

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ __author__ = 'matthewtoia@google.com (Matt Toia)'
 
 import warnings
 
-from google.protobuf.internal import api_implementation
 from google.protobuf import descriptor_pool
 from google.protobuf import message
+from google.protobuf.internal import api_implementation
 
 if api_implementation.Type() == 'python':
   from google.protobuf.internal import python_message as message_impl
@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ def GetMessageClassesForFiles(files, pool):
 
   Args:
     files: The file names to extract messages from.
-    pool: The descriptor pool to find the files including the dependent
+    pool: The descriptor pool to find the files including the dependent files.
-      files.
 
   Returns:
     A dictionary mapping proto names to the message classes.
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@ def GetMessageClassesForFiles(files, pool):
     # an error if they were different.
 
     for extension in file_desc.extensions_by_name.values():
-      extended_class = GetMessageClass(extension.containing_type)
+      _ = GetMessageClass(extension.containing_type)
       if api_implementation.Type() != 'python':
         # TODO: Remove this check here. Duplicate extension
         # register check should be in descriptor_pool.
@@ -113,10 +112,12 @@ def _InternalCreateMessageClass(descriptor):
           'DESCRIPTOR': descriptor,
           # If module not set, it wrongly points to message_factory module.
           '__module__': None,
-      })
+      },
+  )
   for field in descriptor.fields:
     if field.message_type:
       GetMessageClass(field.message_type)
+
   for extension in result_class.DESCRIPTOR.extensions:
     extended_class = GetMessageClass(extension.containing_type)
     if api_implementation.Type() != 'python':
@@ -221,13 +222,16 @@ def GetMessages(file_protos, pool=None):
   # message in topological order of the dependency graph.
   des_pool = pool or descriptor_pool.DescriptorPool()
   file_by_name = {file_proto.name: file_proto for file_proto in file_protos}
+
   def _AddFile(file_proto):
     for dependency in file_proto.dependency:
       if dependency in file_by_name:
         # Remove from elements to be visited, in order to cut cycles.
         _AddFile(file_by_name.pop(dependency))
     des_pool.Add(file_proto)
+
   while file_by_name:
     _AddFile(file_by_name.popitem()[1])
   return GetMessageClassesForFiles(
-      [file_proto.name for file_proto in file_protos], des_pool)
+      [file_proto.name for file_proto in file_protos], des_pool
+  )

python/google/protobuf/pyext/message.cc

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ class MessageReflectionFriend {
 };
 
 static PyObject* kDESCRIPTOR;
+static PyObject* kMessageFactory;
 PyObject* EnumTypeWrapper_class;
 static PyObject* PythonMessage_class;
 static PyObject* kEmptyWeakref;
@@ -143,8 +144,8 @@ static int AddDescriptors(PyObject* cls, const Descriptor* descriptor) {
     if (wrapped == nullptr) {
       return -1;
     }
-    if (PyObject_SetAttrString(
+    if (PyObject_SetAttrString(cls, enum_descriptor->name().c_str(),
-            cls, enum_descriptor->name().c_str(), wrapped.get()) == -1) {
+                               wrapped.get()) == -1) {
       return -1;
     }
 
@@ -177,8 +178,8 @@ static int AddDescriptors(PyObject* cls, const Descriptor* descriptor) {
     }
 
     // Add the extension field to the message class.
-    if (PyObject_SetAttrString(
+    if (PyObject_SetAttrString(cls, field->name().c_str(),
-            cls, field->name().c_str(), extension_field.get()) == -1) {
+                               extension_field.get()) == -1) {
       return -1;
     }
   }
@@ -279,7 +280,17 @@ static PyObject* New(PyTypeObject* type, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwargs) {
   if (py_descriptor_pool == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  newtype->py_message_factory = py_descriptor_pool->py_message_factory;
+
+  PyObject* py_message_factory_obj = PyDict_GetItem(dict, kMessageFactory);
+  PyMessageFactory* py_message_factory = nullptr;
+  if (py_message_factory_obj == nullptr) {
+    py_message_factory = py_descriptor_pool->py_message_factory;
+  } else {
+    py_message_factory =
+        reinterpret_cast<PyMessageFactory*>(py_message_factory_obj);
+  }
+
+  newtype->py_message_factory = py_message_factory;
   Py_INCREF(newtype->py_message_factory);
 
   // Register the message in the MessageFactory.
@@ -441,8 +452,7 @@ static const Descriptor* GetMessageDescriptor(PyTypeObject* cls) {
 
 // Forward declarations
 namespace cmessage {
-int InternalReleaseFieldByDescriptor(
+int InternalReleaseFieldByDescriptor(CMessage* self,
-    CMessage* self,
                                      const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor);
 }  // namespace cmessage
 
@@ -460,11 +470,9 @@ void FormatTypeError(PyObject* arg, const char* expected_types) {
   PyErr_Clear();
   PyObject* repr = PyObject_Repr(arg);
   if (repr) {
-    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+    PyErr_Format(
-                 "%.100s has type %.100s, but expected one of: %s",
+        PyExc_TypeError, "%.100s has type %.100s, but expected one of: %s",
-                 PyString_AsString(repr),
+        PyString_AsString(repr), Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_name, expected_types);
-                 Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_name,
-                 expected_types);
     Py_DECREF(repr);
   }
 }
@@ -472,8 +480,7 @@ void FormatTypeError(PyObject* arg, const char* expected_types) {
 void OutOfRangeError(PyObject* arg) {
   PyObject* s = PyObject_Str(arg);
   if (s) {
-    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Value out of range: %s",
-                 "Value out of range: %s",
                  PyString_AsString(s));
     Py_DECREF(s);
   }
@@ -641,12 +648,9 @@ PyObject* CheckString(PyObject* arg, const FieldDescriptor* descriptor) {
   return encoded_string;
 }
 
-bool CheckAndSetString(
+bool CheckAndSetString(PyObject* arg, Message* message,
-    PyObject* arg, Message* message,
                        const FieldDescriptor* descriptor,
-    const Reflection* reflection,
+                       const Reflection* reflection, bool append, int index) {
-    bool append,
-    int index) {
   ScopedPyObjectPtr encoded_string(CheckString(arg, descriptor));
 
   if (encoded_string.get() == nullptr) {
@@ -708,8 +712,7 @@ PyMessageFactory* GetFactoryForMessage(CMessage* message) {
   return reinterpret_cast<CMessageClass*>(Py_TYPE(message))->py_message_factory;
 }
 
-static int MaybeReleaseOverlappingOneofField(
+static int MaybeReleaseOverlappingOneofField(CMessage* cmessage,
-    CMessage* cmessage,
                                              const FieldDescriptor* field) {
   Message* message = cmessage->message;
   const Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
@@ -849,9 +852,7 @@ static PyObject* GetIntegerEnumValue(const FieldDescriptor& descriptor,
 // The only way to remove items in C++ protos is to delete the last one,
 // so we swap items to move the deleted ones at the end, and then strip the
 // sequence.
-int DeleteRepeatedField(
+int DeleteRepeatedField(CMessage* self, const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
-    CMessage* self,
-    const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
                         PyObject* slice) {
   Py_ssize_t length, from, to, step, slice_length;
   Message* message = self->message;
@@ -1092,10 +1093,42 @@ int InitAttributes(CMessage* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwargs) {
           return -1;
         }
       } else {
+        if (PyObject_TypeCheck(value, CMessage_Type)) {
           ScopedPyObjectPtr merged(MergeFrom(cmessage, value));
           if (merged == nullptr) {
             return -1;
           }
+        } else {
+          switch (descriptor->message_type()->well_known_type()) {
+            case Descriptor::WELLKNOWNTYPE_TIMESTAMP: {
+              AssureWritable(cmessage);
+              ScopedPyObjectPtr ok(
+                  PyObject_CallMethod(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(cmessage),
+                                      "FromDatetime", "O", value));
+              if (ok.get() == nullptr) {
+                return -1;
+              }
+              break;
+            }
+            case Descriptor::WELLKNOWNTYPE_DURATION: {
+              AssureWritable(cmessage);
+              ScopedPyObjectPtr ok(
+                  PyObject_CallMethod(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(cmessage),
+                                      "FromTimedelta", "O", value));
+              if (ok.get() == nullptr) {
+                return -1;
+              }
+              break;
+            }
+            default:
+              PyErr_Format(
+                  PyExc_TypeError,
+                  "Parameter to initialize message field must be "
+                  "dict or instance of same class: expected %s got %s.",
+                  descriptor->full_name().c_str(), Py_TYPE(value)->tp_name);
+              return -1;
+          }
+        }
       }
     } else {
       ScopedPyObjectPtr new_val;
@@ -1117,8 +1150,8 @@ int InitAttributes(CMessage* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwargs) {
 // Allocates an incomplete Python Message: the caller must fill self->message
 // and eventually self->parent.
 CMessage* NewEmptyMessage(CMessageClass* type) {
-  CMessage* self = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(
+  CMessage* self =
-      PyType_GenericAlloc(&type->super.ht_type, 0));
+      reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(PyType_GenericAlloc(&type->super.ht_type, 0));
   if (self == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1225,8 +1258,7 @@ PyObject* IsInitialized(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
     Py_RETURN_TRUE;
   }
   if (errors != nullptr) {
-    ScopedPyObjectPtr initialization_errors(
+    ScopedPyObjectPtr initialization_errors(FindInitializationErrors(self));
-        FindInitializationErrors(self));
     if (initialization_errors == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
     }
@@ -1267,8 +1299,7 @@ const FieldDescriptor* FindFieldWithOneofs(const Message* message,
   if (field_descriptor != nullptr) {
     return field_descriptor;
   }
-  const OneofDescriptor* oneof_desc =
+  const OneofDescriptor* oneof_desc = descriptor->FindOneofByName(field_name);
-      descriptor->FindOneofByName(field_name);
   if (oneof_desc != nullptr) {
     *in_oneof = true;
     return message->GetReflection()->GetOneofFieldDescriptor(*message,
@@ -1444,8 +1475,7 @@ static int InternalReparentFields(
   return 0;
 }
 
-int InternalReleaseFieldByDescriptor(
+int InternalReleaseFieldByDescriptor(CMessage* self,
-    CMessage* self,
                                      const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor) {
   if (!field_descriptor->is_repeated() &&
       field_descriptor->cpp_type() != FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_MESSAGE) {
@@ -1503,8 +1533,8 @@ PyObject* ClearField(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
       // We gave the name of a oneof, and none of its fields are set.
       Py_RETURN_NONE;
     } else {
-      PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+      PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Protocol message has no \"%s\" field.",
-                   "Protocol message has no \"%s\" field.", field_name);
+                   field_name);
       return nullptr;
     }
   }
@@ -1548,8 +1578,8 @@ static std::string GetMessageName(CMessage* self) {
   }
 }
 
-static PyObject* InternalSerializeToString(
+static PyObject* InternalSerializeToString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args,
-    CMessage* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwargs,
+                                           PyObject* kwargs,
                                            bool require_initialized) {
   // Parse the "deterministic" kwarg; defaults to False.
   static const char* kwlist[] = {"deterministic", nullptr};
@@ -1588,8 +1618,8 @@ static PyObject* InternalSerializeToString(
     // return the EncodeError from a previous load of the module, which won't
     // match a user's attempt to catch EncodeError.  So we have to look it up
     // again every time.
-    ScopedPyObjectPtr message_module(PyImport_ImportModule(
+    ScopedPyObjectPtr message_module(
-        "google.protobuf.message"));
+        PyImport_ImportModule("google.protobuf.message"));
     if (message_module.get() == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
     }
@@ -1633,14 +1663,14 @@ static PyObject* InternalSerializeToString(
   return result;
 }
 
-static PyObject* SerializeToString(
+static PyObject* SerializeToString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args,
-    CMessage* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwargs) {
+                                   PyObject* kwargs) {
   return InternalSerializeToString(self, args, kwargs,
                                    /*require_initialized=*/true);
 }
 
-static PyObject* SerializePartialToString(
+static PyObject* SerializePartialToString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args,
-    CMessage* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwargs) {
+                                          PyObject* kwargs) {
   return InternalSerializeToString(self, args, kwargs,
                                    /*require_initialized=*/false);
 }
@@ -1887,8 +1917,8 @@ static PyObject* WhichOneof(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   const FieldDescriptor* field_in_oneof =
-      self->message->GetReflection()->GetOneofFieldDescriptor(
+      self->message->GetReflection()->GetOneofFieldDescriptor(*self->message,
-          *self->message, oneof_desc);
+                                                              oneof_desc);
   if (field_in_oneof == nullptr) {
     Py_RETURN_NONE;
   } else {
@@ -1941,8 +1971,8 @@ static PyObject* ListFields(CMessage* self) {
         return nullptr;
       }
       // 'extension' reference later stolen by PyTuple_SET_ITEM.
-      PyObject* extension = PyObject_GetItem(
+      PyObject* extension =
-          extensions.get(), extension_field.get());
+          PyObject_GetItem(extensions.get(), extension_field.get());
       if (extension == nullptr) {
         return nullptr;
       }
@@ -2098,16 +2128,16 @@ PyObject* InternalGetScalar(const Message* message,
       break;
     }
     default:
-      PyErr_Format(
+      PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
-          PyExc_SystemError, "Getting a value from a field of unknown type %d",
+                   "Getting a value from a field of unknown type %d",
                    field_descriptor->cpp_type());
   }
 
   return result;
 }
 
-CMessage* InternalGetSubMessage(
+CMessage* InternalGetSubMessage(CMessage* self,
-    CMessage* self, const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor) {
+                                const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor) {
   const Reflection* reflection = self->message->GetReflection();
   PyMessageFactory* factory = GetFactoryForMessage(self);
 
@@ -2146,8 +2176,7 @@ CMessage* InternalGetSubMessage(
   return cmsg;
 }
 
-int InternalSetNonOneofScalar(
+int InternalSetNonOneofScalar(Message* message,
-    Message* message,
                               const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
                               PyObject* arg) {
   const Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
@@ -2193,8 +2222,8 @@ int InternalSetNonOneofScalar(
       break;
     }
     case FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_STRING: {
-      if (!CheckAndSetString(
+      if (!CheckAndSetString(arg, message, field_descriptor, reflection, false,
-          arg, message, field_descriptor, reflection, false, -1)) {
+                             -1)) {
         return -1;
       }
       break;
@@ -2217,8 +2246,8 @@ int InternalSetNonOneofScalar(
       break;
     }
     default:
-      PyErr_Format(
+      PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
-          PyExc_SystemError, "Setting value to a field of unknown type %d",
+                   "Setting value to a field of unknown type %d",
                    field_descriptor->cpp_type());
       return -1;
   }
@@ -2226,9 +2255,7 @@ int InternalSetNonOneofScalar(
   return 0;
 }
 
-int InternalSetScalar(
+int InternalSetScalar(CMessage* self, const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
-    CMessage* self,
-    const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
                       PyObject* arg) {
   if (!CheckFieldBelongsToMessage(field_descriptor, self->message)) {
     return -1;
@@ -2462,8 +2489,8 @@ bool SetSubmessage(CMessage* self, CMessage* submessage) {
 
 PyObject* GetAttr(PyObject* pself, PyObject* name) {
   CMessage* self = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(pself);
-  PyObject* result = PyObject_GenericGetAttr(
+  PyObject* result =
-      reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(self), name);
+      PyObject_GenericGetAttr(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(self), name);
   if (result != nullptr) {
     return result;
   }
@@ -2472,8 +2499,8 @@ PyObject* GetAttr(PyObject* pself, PyObject* name) {
   }
 
   PyErr_Clear();
-  return message_meta::GetClassAttribute(
+  return message_meta::GetClassAttribute(CheckMessageClass(Py_TYPE(self)),
-      CheckMessageClass(Py_TYPE(self)), name);
+                                         name);
 }
 
 PyObject* GetFieldValue(CMessage* self,
@@ -2491,8 +2518,7 @@ PyObject* GetFieldValue(CMessage* self,
   if (self->message->GetDescriptor() != field_descriptor->containing_type()) {
     PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                  "descriptor to field '%s' doesn't apply to '%s' object",
-                 field_descriptor->full_name().c_str(),
+                 field_descriptor->full_name().c_str(), Py_TYPE(self)->tp_name);
-                 Py_TYPE(self)->tp_name);
     return nullptr;
   }
 
@@ -2529,8 +2555,7 @@ PyObject* GetFieldValue(CMessage* self,
       py_container =
           repeated_scalar_container::NewContainer(self, field_descriptor);
     }
-  } else if (field_descriptor->cpp_type() ==
+  } else if (field_descriptor->cpp_type() == FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_MESSAGE) {
-             FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_MESSAGE) {
     py_container = InternalGetSubMessage(self, field_descriptor);
   } else {
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Should never happen");
@@ -2551,8 +2576,7 @@ int SetFieldValue(CMessage* self, const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
   if (self->message->GetDescriptor() != field_descriptor->containing_type()) {
     PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                  "descriptor to field '%s' doesn't apply to '%s' object",
-                 field_descriptor->full_name().c_str(),
+                 field_descriptor->full_name().c_str(), Py_TYPE(self)->tp_name);
-                 Py_TYPE(self)->tp_name);
     return -1;
   } else if (field_descriptor->label() == FieldDescriptor::LABEL_REPEATED) {
     PyErr_Format(PyExc_AttributeError,
@@ -2561,11 +2585,34 @@ int SetFieldValue(CMessage* self, const FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
                  field_descriptor->name().c_str());
     return -1;
   } else if (field_descriptor->cpp_type() == FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_MESSAGE) {
+    switch (field_descriptor->message_type()->well_known_type()) {
+      case Descriptor::WELLKNOWNTYPE_TIMESTAMP: {
+        AssureWritable(self);
+        PyObject* sub_message = GetFieldValue(self, field_descriptor);
+        ScopedPyObjectPtr ok(
+            PyObject_CallMethod(sub_message, "FromDatetime", "O", value));
+        if (ok.get() == nullptr) {
+          return -1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+      }
+      case Descriptor::WELLKNOWNTYPE_DURATION: {
+        AssureWritable(self);
+        PyObject* sub_message = GetFieldValue(self, field_descriptor);
+        ScopedPyObjectPtr ok(
+            PyObject_CallMethod(sub_message, "FromTimedelta", "O", value));
+        if (ok.get() == nullptr) {
+          return -1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+      }
+      default:
         PyErr_Format(PyExc_AttributeError,
                      "Assignment not allowed to "
                      "field \"%s\" in protocol message object.",
                      field_descriptor->name().c_str());
         return -1;
+    }
   } else {
     AssureWritable(self);
     return InternalSetScalar(self, field_descriptor, value);
@@ -2814,6 +2861,7 @@ void InitGlobals() {
   // the error (MemoryError) on up to result in an import failure.  These should
   // also be freed and reset to NULL during finalization.
   kDESCRIPTOR = PyUnicode_FromString("DESCRIPTOR");
+  kMessageFactory = PyUnicode_FromString("message_factory");
 
   PyObject* dummy_obj = PySet_New(nullptr);
   kEmptyWeakref = PyWeakref_NewRef(dummy_obj, nullptr);

python/google/protobuf/text_format.py

@@ -195,10 +195,7 @@ def _IsGroupLike(field):
     True if this field is group-like, false otherwise.
   """
   # Groups are always tag-delimited.
-  if (
+  if field.type != descriptor.FieldDescriptor.TYPE_GROUP:
-      field._GetFeatures().message_encoding
-      != descriptor._FEATURESET_MESSAGE_ENCODING_DELIMITED
-  ):
     return False
 
   # Group fields always are always the lowercase type name.

python/map.c

@@ -259,16 +259,6 @@ static Py_ssize_t PyUpb_MapContainer_Length(PyObject* _self) {
   return map ? upb_Map_Size(map) : 0;
 }
 
-static PyUpb_MapContainer* PyUpb_MapContainer_Check(PyObject* _self) {
-  PyUpb_ModuleState* state = PyUpb_ModuleState_Get();
-  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(_self, state->message_map_container_type) &&
-      !PyObject_TypeCheck(_self, state->scalar_map_container_type)) {
-    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Expected protobuf map, but got %R", _self);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  return (PyUpb_MapContainer*)_self;
-}
-
 int PyUpb_Message_InitMapAttributes(PyObject* map, PyObject* value,
                                     const upb_FieldDef* f);
 

python/message.c

@@ -433,6 +433,7 @@ err:
 }
 
 static bool PyUpb_Message_InitMessageAttribute(PyObject* _self, PyObject* name,
+                                               const upb_FieldDef* field,
                                                PyObject* value) {
   PyObject* submsg = PyUpb_Message_GetAttr(_self, name);
   if (!submsg) return -1;
@@ -446,11 +447,25 @@ static bool PyUpb_Message_InitMessageAttribute(PyObject* _self, PyObject* name,
     assert(!PyErr_Occurred());
     ok = PyUpb_Message_InitAttributes(submsg, NULL, value) >= 0;
   } else {
+    const upb_MessageDef* msgdef = upb_FieldDef_MessageSubDef(field);
+    switch (upb_MessageDef_WellKnownType(msgdef)) {
+      case kUpb_WellKnown_Timestamp: {
+        ok = PyObject_CallMethod(submsg, "FromDatetime", "O", value);
+        break;
+      }
+      case kUpb_WellKnown_Duration: {
+        ok = PyObject_CallMethod(submsg, "FromTimedelta", "O", value);
+        break;
+      }
+      default: {
         const upb_MessageDef* m = PyUpb_Message_GetMsgdef(_self);
-    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Message must be initialized with a dict: %s",
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "Message must be initialized with a dict: %s",
                      upb_MessageDef_FullName(m));
         ok = false;
       }
+    }
+  }
   Py_DECREF(submsg);
   return ok;
 }
@@ -502,7 +517,7 @@ int PyUpb_Message_InitAttributes(PyObject* _self, PyObject* args,
     } else if (upb_FieldDef_IsRepeated(f)) {
       if (!PyUpb_Message_InitRepeatedAttribute(_self, name, value)) return -1;
     } else if (upb_FieldDef_IsSubMessage(f)) {
-      if (!PyUpb_Message_InitMessageAttribute(_self, name, value)) return -1;
+      if (!PyUpb_Message_InitMessageAttribute(_self, name, f, value)) return -1;
     } else {
       if (!PyUpb_Message_InitScalarAttribute(msg, f, value, arena)) return -1;
     }
@@ -935,9 +950,9 @@ int PyUpb_Message_SetFieldValue(PyObject* _self, const upb_FieldDef* field,
   PyUpb_Message* self = (void*)_self;
   assert(value);
 
-  if (upb_FieldDef_IsSubMessage(field) || upb_FieldDef_IsRepeated(field)) {
+  if (upb_FieldDef_IsRepeated(field)) {
     PyErr_Format(exc,
-                 "Assignment not allowed to message, map, or repeated "
+                 "Assignment not allowed to map, or repeated "
                  "field \"%s\" in protocol message object.",
                  upb_FieldDef_Name(field));
     return -1;
@@ -945,6 +960,34 @@ int PyUpb_Message_SetFieldValue(PyObject* _self, const upb_FieldDef* field,
 
   PyUpb_Message_EnsureReified(self);
 
+  if (upb_FieldDef_IsSubMessage(field)) {
+    const upb_MessageDef* msgdef = upb_FieldDef_MessageSubDef(field);
+    switch (upb_MessageDef_WellKnownType(msgdef)) {
+      case kUpb_WellKnown_Timestamp: {
+        PyObject* sub_message = PyUpb_Message_GetFieldValue(_self, field);
+        PyObject* ok =
+            PyObject_CallMethod(sub_message, "FromDatetime", "O", value);
+        if (!ok) return -1;
+        Py_DECREF(ok);
+        return 0;
+      }
+      case kUpb_WellKnown_Duration: {
+        PyObject* sub_message = PyUpb_Message_GetFieldValue(_self, field);
+        PyObject* ok =
+            PyObject_CallMethod(sub_message, "FromTimedelta", "O", value);
+        if (!ok) return -1;
+        Py_DECREF(ok);
+        return 0;
+      }
+      default:
+        PyErr_Format(exc,
+                     "Assignment not allowed to message "
+                     "field \"%s\" in protocol message object.",
+                     upb_FieldDef_Name(field));
+        return -1;
+    }
+  }
+
   upb_MessageValue val;
   upb_Arena* arena = PyUpb_Arena_Get(self->arena);
   if (!PyUpb_PyToUpb(value, field, &val, arena)) {
@@ -1286,6 +1329,9 @@ PyObject* PyUpb_Message_MergeFromString(PyObject* _self, PyObject* arg) {
     int err = PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(bytes, &buf, &size);
     (void)err;
     assert(err >= 0);
+  } else if (PyByteArray_Check(arg)) {
+    buf = PyByteArray_AsString(arg);
+    size = PyByteArray_Size(arg);
   } else if (PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(arg, &buf, &size) < 0) {
     return NULL;
   }
@@ -1304,7 +1350,9 @@ PyObject* PyUpb_Message_MergeFromString(PyObject* _self, PyObject* arg) {
       upb_Decode(buf, size, self->ptr.msg, layout, extreg, options, arena);
   Py_XDECREF(bytes);
   if (status != kUpb_DecodeStatus_Ok) {
-    PyErr_Format(state->decode_error_class, "Error parsing message");
+    PyErr_Format(state->decode_error_class,
+                 "Error parsing message with type '%s'",
+                 upb_MessageDef_FullName(msgdef));
     return NULL;
   }
   PyUpb_Message_SyncSubobjs(self);
@@ -1622,7 +1670,6 @@ static PyObject* PyUpb_Message_WhichOneof(PyObject* _self, PyObject* name) {
 }
 
 PyObject* DeepCopy(PyObject* _self, PyObject* arg) {
-  PyUpb_Message* self = (void*)_self;
   const upb_MessageDef* def = PyUpb_Message_GetMsgdef(_self);
   const upb_MiniTable* mini_table = upb_MessageDef_MiniTable(def);
   upb_Message* msg = PyUpb_Message_GetIfReified(_self);

python/protobuf.c

@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ typedef struct {
 // memory to the OS.  Without this call, we appear to leak memory, at least
 // as measured in RSS.
 //
-// We opt not to use this instead of PyMalloc (which would also solve the
+// We opt to use this instead of PyMalloc (which would also solve the
 // problem) because the latter requires the GIL to be held.  This would make
 // our messages unsafe to share with other languages that could free at
 // unpredictable
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ static void* upb_trim_allocfunc(upb_alloc* alloc, void* ptr, size_t oldsize,
   }
 }
 static upb_alloc trim_alloc = {&upb_trim_allocfunc};
-static const upb_alloc* global_alloc = &trim_alloc;
+static upb_alloc* global_alloc = &trim_alloc;
 // end:github_only
 
 static upb_Arena* PyUpb_NewArena(void) {

ruby/ext/google/protobuf_c/map.c

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ static VALUE Map_alloc(VALUE klass) {
 VALUE Map_GetRubyWrapper(const upb_Map* map, upb_CType key_type,
                          TypeInfo value_type, VALUE arena) {
   PBRUBY_ASSERT(map);
+  PBRUBY_ASSERT(arena != Qnil);
 
   VALUE val = ObjectCache_Get(map);
 

ruby/ext/google/protobuf_c/message.c

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ upb_Message* Message_GetMutable(VALUE msg_rb, const upb_MessageDef** m) {
 }
 
 void Message_InitPtr(VALUE self_, const upb_Message* msg, VALUE arena) {
+  PBRUBY_ASSERT(arena != Qnil);
   Message* self = ruby_to_Message(self_);
   self->msg = msg;
   RB_OBJ_WRITE(self_, &self->arena, arena);
@@ -299,14 +300,14 @@ VALUE Message_getfield_frozen(const upb_Message* msg, const upb_FieldDef* f,
     const upb_FieldDef* val_f = map_field_value(f);
     upb_CType key_type = upb_FieldDef_CType(key_f);
     TypeInfo value_type_info = TypeInfo_get(val_f);
-    return Map_GetRubyWrapper(msgval.map_val, key_type, value_type_info, Qnil);
+    return Map_GetRubyWrapper(msgval.map_val, key_type, value_type_info, arena);
   }
   if (upb_FieldDef_IsRepeated(f)) {
     if (msgval.array_val == NULL) {
       return RepeatedField_EmptyFrozen(f);
     }
     return RepeatedField_GetRubyWrapper(msgval.array_val, TypeInfo_get(f),
-                                        Qnil);
+                                        arena);
   }
   VALUE ret;
   if (upb_FieldDef_IsSubMessage(f)) {

ruby/ext/google/protobuf_c/repeated_field.c

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ VALUE RepeatedField_EmptyFrozen(const upb_FieldDef* f) {
 VALUE RepeatedField_GetRubyWrapper(const upb_Array* array, TypeInfo type_info,
                                    VALUE arena) {
   PBRUBY_ASSERT(array);
+  PBRUBY_ASSERT(arena != Qnil);
   VALUE val = ObjectCache_Get(array);
 
   if (val == Qnil) {

ruby/ext/google/protobuf_c/ruby-upb.c

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ error UPB_TRACING_ENABLED Tracing should be disabled in production builds
 #define UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(name, type)     \
   extern type const __start_linkarr_##name; \
   extern type const __stop_linkarr_##name;  \
-  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1] = {0}
+  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1]
 #define UPB_LINKARR_START(name) (&__start_linkarr_##name)
 #define UPB_LINKARR_STOP(name) (&__stop_linkarr_##name)
 
@@ -386,14 +386,14 @@ error UPB_TRACING_ENABLED Tracing should be disabled in production builds
 
 /* As described in: https://stackoverflow.com/a/22366882 */
 #define UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) \
-  __attribute__((retain, used, section("__DATA,la_" #name)))
+  __attribute__((retain, used, section("__DATA,__la_" #name)))
 #define UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(name, type)           \
   extern type const __start_linkarr_##name __asm( \
-      "section$start$__DATA$la_" #name);          \
+      "section$start$__DATA$__la_" #name);        \
   extern type const __stop_linkarr_##name __asm(  \
       "section$end$__DATA$"                       \
-      "la_" #name);                               \
+      "__la_" #name);                             \
-  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1] = {0}
+  UPB_LINKARR_APPEND(name) type UPB_linkarr_internal_empty_##name[1]
 #define UPB_LINKARR_START(name) (&__start_linkarr_##name)
 #define UPB_LINKARR_STOP(name) (&__stop_linkarr_##name)
 
@@ -487,6 +487,7 @@ void upb_Status_VAppendErrorFormat(upb_Status* status, const char* fmt,
 
 // Must be last.
 
+extern const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_StaticallyTreeShaken);
 static const upb_MiniTableSubInternal google_protobuf_FileDescriptorSet_submsgs[1] = {
   {.UPB_PRIVATE(submsg) = &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorProto_msg_init_ptr},
 };
@@ -1641,42 +1642,6 @@ const upb_MiniTable google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init = {
 };
 
 const upb_MiniTable* google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init_ptr = &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init;
-static const upb_MiniTable *messages_layout[33] = {
-  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorSet_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ExtensionRange_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ReservedRange_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions__Declaration_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__OneofDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto__EnumReservedRange_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumValueDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ServiceDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__MethodDescriptorProto_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FileOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__MessageOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__EditionDefault_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__FeatureSupport_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__OneofOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__EnumValueOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__ServiceOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__MethodOptions_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption__NamePart_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FeatureSet_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults__FeatureSetEditionDefault_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo__Location_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo_msg_init,
-  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init,
-};
-
 const upb_MiniTableEnum google_protobuf_Edition_enum_init = {
     64,
     9,
@@ -1839,6 +1804,42 @@ const upb_MiniTableEnum google_protobuf_MethodOptions_IdempotencyLevel_enum_init
     },
 };
 
+static const upb_MiniTable *messages_layout[33] = {
+  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorSet_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FileDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ExtensionRange_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__DescriptorProto__ReservedRange_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ExtensionRangeOptions__Declaration_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__OneofDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumDescriptorProto__EnumReservedRange_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumValueDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ServiceDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__MethodDescriptorProto_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FileOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__MessageOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__EditionDefault_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FieldOptions__FeatureSupport_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__OneofOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__EnumValueOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__ServiceOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__MethodOptions_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__UninterpretedOption__NamePart_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FeatureSet_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__FeatureSetDefaults__FeatureSetEditionDefault_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__SourceCodeInfo__Location_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo_msg_init,
+  &google__protobuf__GeneratedCodeInfo__Annotation_msg_init,
+};
+
 static const upb_MiniTableEnum *enums_layout[17] = {
   &google_protobuf_Edition_enum_init,
   &google_protobuf_ExtensionRangeOptions_VerificationState_enum_init,
@@ -7055,15 +7056,15 @@ failure:
 
 #ifdef UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE
 
-UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(upb_AllExts, const upb_MiniTableExtension*);
+UPB_LINKARR_DECLARE(upb_AllExts, upb_MiniTableExtension);
 
 bool upb_ExtensionRegistry_AddAllLinkedExtensions(upb_ExtensionRegistry* r) {
-  const upb_MiniTableExtension* const* start = UPB_LINKARR_START(upb_AllExts);
+  const upb_MiniTableExtension* start = UPB_LINKARR_START(upb_AllExts);
-  const upb_MiniTableExtension* const* stop = UPB_LINKARR_STOP(upb_AllExts);
+  const upb_MiniTableExtension* stop = UPB_LINKARR_STOP(upb_AllExts);
-  for (const upb_MiniTableExtension* const* p = start; p < stop; p++) {
+  for (const upb_MiniTableExtension* p = start; p < stop; p++) {
     // Windows can introduce zero padding, so we have to skip zeroes.
-    if (*p != 0) {
+    if (upb_MiniTableExtension_Number(p) != 0) {
-      if (!upb_ExtensionRegistry_Add(r, *p)) return false;
+      if (!upb_ExtensionRegistry_Add(r, p)) return false;
     }
   }
   return true;
@@ -12102,7 +12103,12 @@ char* upb_MtDataEncoder_EndEnum(upb_MtDataEncoder* e, char* ptr) {
 
 // Must be last.
 
-// A MiniTable for an empty message, used for unlinked sub-messages.
+// A MiniTable for an empty message, used for unlinked sub-messages that are
+// built via MiniDescriptors.  Messages that use this MiniTable may possibly
+// be linked later, in which case this MiniTable will be replaced with a real
+// one.  This pattern is known as "dynamic tree shaking", and it introduces
+// complication because sub-messages may either be the "empty" type or the
+// "real" type.  A tagged bit indicates the difference.
 const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_Empty) = {
     .UPB_PRIVATE(subs) = NULL,
     .UPB_PRIVATE(fields) = NULL,
@@ -12114,6 +12120,21 @@ const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_Empty) = {
     .UPB_PRIVATE(required_count) = 0,
 };
 
+// A MiniTable for a statically tree shaken message.  Messages that use this
+// MiniTable are guaranteed to remain unlinked; unlike the empty message, this
+// MiniTable is never replaced, which greatly simplifies everything, because the
+// type of a sub-message is always known, without consulting a tagged bit.
+const struct upb_MiniTable UPB_PRIVATE(_kUpb_MiniTable_StaticallyTreeShaken) = {
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(subs) = NULL,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(fields) = NULL,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(size) = sizeof(struct upb_Message),
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(field_count) = 0,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(ext) = kUpb_ExtMode_NonExtendable,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(dense_below) = 0,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(table_mask) = -1,
+    .UPB_PRIVATE(required_count) = 0,
+};
+
 
 
 // Must be last.
@@ -13432,8 +13453,7 @@ bool _upb_FieldDef_ValidateUtf8(const upb_FieldDef* f) {
 
 bool _upb_FieldDef_IsGroupLike(const upb_FieldDef* f) {
   // Groups are always tag-delimited.
-  if (UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_message_encoding)(upb_FieldDef_ResolvedFeatures(f)) !=
+  if (f->type_ != kUpb_FieldType_Group) {
-      UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_DELIMITED)) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -13870,12 +13890,6 @@ static void _upb_FieldDef_Create(upb_DefBuilder* ctx, const char* prefix,
       UPB_DESC(FieldDescriptorProto_has_type_name)(field_proto);
 
   f->type_ = (int)UPB_DESC(FieldDescriptorProto_type)(field_proto);
-  if (f->type_ == kUpb_FieldType_Message &&
-      // TODO: remove once we can deprecate kUpb_FieldType_Group.
-      UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_message_encoding)(f->resolved_features) ==
-          UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_DELIMITED)) {
-    f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Group;
-  }
 
   if (has_type) {
     switch (f->type_) {
@@ -13896,7 +13910,7 @@ static void _upb_FieldDef_Create(upb_DefBuilder* ctx, const char* prefix,
     }
   }
 
-  if (!has_type && has_type_name) {
+  if ((!has_type && has_type_name) || f->type_ == kUpb_FieldType_Message) {
     f->type_ =
         UPB_FIELD_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;  // We'll assign this in resolve_subdef()
   } else {
@@ -14046,8 +14060,15 @@ static void resolve_subdef(upb_DefBuilder* ctx, const char* prefix,
           break;
         case UPB_DEFTYPE_MSG:
           f->sub.msgdef = def;
-          f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Message;  // It appears there is no way of
+          f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Message;
-                                              // this being a group.
+          // TODO: remove once we can deprecate
+          // kUpb_FieldType_Group.
+          if (UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_message_encoding)(f->resolved_features) ==
+                  UPB_DESC(FeatureSet_DELIMITED) &&
+              !upb_MessageDef_IsMapEntry(def) &&
+              !(f->msgdef && upb_MessageDef_IsMapEntry(f->msgdef))) {
+            f->type_ = kUpb_FieldType_Group;
+          }
           f->has_presence = !upb_FieldDef_IsRepeated(f);
           break;
         default:

rust/cpp.rs

@@ -228,12 +228,17 @@ impl From<RustStringRawParts> for String {
 
 extern "C" {
     fn utf8_debug_string(msg: RawMessage) -> RustStringRawParts;
+    fn utf8_debug_string_lite(msg: RawMessage) -> RustStringRawParts;
 }
 
 pub fn debug_string(_private: Private, msg: RawMessage, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
     // SAFETY:
     // - `msg` is a valid protobuf message.
+    #[cfg(not(lite_runtime))]
     let dbg_str: String = unsafe { utf8_debug_string(msg) }.into();
+    #[cfg(lite_runtime)]
+    let dbg_str: String = unsafe { utf8_debug_string_lite(msg) }.into();
+
     write!(f, "{dbg_str}")
 }
 

rust/cpp_kernel/cpp_api.cc

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "google/protobuf/map.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/message.h"
+#include "google/protobuf/message_lite.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/repeated_field.h"
 #include "google/protobuf/repeated_ptr_field.h"
 
@@ -141,6 +142,12 @@ google::protobuf::rust_internal::RustStringRawParts utf8_debug_string(
   std::string text = google::protobuf::Utf8Format(*msg);
   return google::protobuf::rust_internal::RustStringRawParts(text);
 }
+
+google::protobuf::rust_internal::RustStringRawParts utf8_debug_string_lite(
+    const google::protobuf::MessageLite* msg) {
+  std::string text = google::protobuf::Utf8Format(*msg);
+  return google::protobuf::rust_internal::RustStringRawParts(text);
+}
 }
 
 namespace google {

rust/cpp_kernel/cpp_api.h

@@ -179,6 +179,8 @@ struct RustStringRawParts {
 };
 
 extern "C" RustStringRawParts utf8_debug_string(const google::protobuf::Message* msg);
+extern "C" RustStringRawParts utf8_debug_string_lite(
+    const google::protobuf::MessageLite* msg);
 }  // namespace rust_internal
 }  // namespace protobuf
 }  // namespace google

rust/proxied.rs

@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ where
 /// runtime. We expect it to change in backwards incompatible ways in the
 /// future.
 pub trait IntoProxied<T: Proxied> {
-    fn into(self, _private: Private) -> T;
+    fn into_proxied(self, _private: Private) -> T;
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

rust/repeated.rs

@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ impl<T> IntoProxied<Repeated<T>> for Repeated<T>
 where
     T: ?Sized + ProxiedInRepeated,
 {
-    fn into(self, _private: Private) -> Repeated<T> {
+    fn into_proxied(self, _private: Private) -> Repeated<T> {
         self
     }
 }
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ impl<'msg, T> IntoProxied<Repeated<T>> for RepeatedView<'msg, T>
 where
     T: 'msg + ?Sized + ProxiedInRepeated,
 {
-    fn into(self, _private: Private) -> Repeated<T> {
+    fn into_proxied(self, _private: Private) -> Repeated<T> {
         let mut repeated: Repeated<T> = Repeated::new();
         T::repeated_copy_from(self, repeated.as_mut());
         repeated
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ impl<'msg, T> IntoProxied<Repeated<T>> for RepeatedMut<'msg, T>
 where
     T: 'msg + ?Sized + ProxiedInRepeated,
 {
-    fn into(self, _private: Private) -> Repeated<T> {
+    fn into_proxied(self, _private: Private) -> Repeated<T> {
-        IntoProxied::into(self.as_view(), _private)
+        IntoProxied::into_proxied(self.as_view(), _private)
     }
 }
 

rust/shared.rs

@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ mod proxied;
 mod repeated;
 mod string;
 
+// If the Upb and C++ kernels are both linked into the same binary, this symbol
+// will be defined twice and cause a link error.
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn __Disallow_Upb_And_Cpp_In_Same_Binary() {}
+
 /// An error that happened during parsing.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ParseError;

rust/test/BUILD

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ UNITTEST_PROTO3_TARGET = "//src/google/protobuf:test_protos"
 
 UNITTEST_PROTO3_OPTIONAL_TARGET = "//src/google/protobuf:test_protos"
 
+UNITTEST_EDITION_TARGET = "//src/google/protobuf:test_protos"
+
 rust_upb_proto_library(
     name = "unittest_upb_rust_proto",
     testonly = True,
@@ -55,6 +57,20 @@ rust_upb_proto_library(
     deps = [UNITTEST_PROTO3_OPTIONAL_TARGET],
 )
 
+rust_cc_proto_library(
+    name = "unittest_edition_cpp_rust_proto",
+    testonly = True,
+    visibility = ["//rust/test/shared:__subpackages__"],
+    deps = [UNITTEST_EDITION_TARGET],
+)
+
+rust_upb_proto_library(
+    name = "unittest_edition_upb_rust_proto",
+    testonly = True,
+    visibility = ["//rust/test/shared:__subpackages__"],
+    deps = [UNITTEST_EDITION_TARGET],
+)
+
 proto_library(
     name = "parent_proto",
     srcs = ["parent.proto"],
@@ -120,6 +136,7 @@ proto_library(
     name = "edition2023_proto",
     testonly = True,
     srcs = ["edition2023.proto"],
+    deps = ["//src/google/protobuf:cpp_features_proto"],
 )
 
 rust_cc_proto_library(

rust/test/benchmarks/BUILD

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ upb_cc_proto_library(
 )
 
 cc_test(
-    name = "rust_protobuf_benchmarks",
+    name = "rust_protobuf_benchmarks_cpp",
     testonly = True,
     srcs = ["rust_protobuf_benchmarks.cc"],
     deps = [
@@ -48,6 +48,26 @@ cc_test(
         ":bench_data_upb_cc_proto",
         ":benchmarks",
         ":proto_benchmarks_cpp",  # build_cleaner: keep
+        "//protos",
+        "//protos:repeated_field",
+        "//src/google/protobuf:protobuf_lite",
+        "//testing/base/public:gunit",
+        "//third_party/benchmark",
+        "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_check",
+        "@com_google_googletest//:gtest",
+        "@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "rust_protobuf_benchmarks_upb",
+    testonly = True,
+    srcs = ["rust_protobuf_benchmarks.cc"],
+    defines = ["BENCHMARK_UPB"],
+    deps = [
+        ":bench_data_cc_proto",
+        ":bench_data_upb_cc_proto",
+        ":benchmarks",
         ":proto_benchmarks_upb",  # build_cleaner: keep
         "//protos",
         "//protos:repeated_field",

rust/test/benchmarks/rust_protobuf_benchmarks.cc

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@
 
 using benchmarks::BenchData;
 
+#ifdef BENCHMARK_UPB
+#define PROTO_BENCHMARK(NAME) EXTERN_BENCHMARK(NAME##_upb);
+#else
+#define PROTO_BENCHMARK(NAME) EXTERN_BENCHMARK(NAME##_cpp);
+#endif
+
 #define EXTERN_BENCHMARK(NAME)              \
   extern "C" {                              \
   void NAME##_bench();                      \
@@ -23,10 +29,6 @@ using benchmarks::BenchData;
   }                                         \
   BENCHMARK(BM_##NAME);
 
-#define PROTO_BENCHMARK(NAME)   \
-  EXTERN_BENCHMARK(NAME##_cpp); \
-  EXTERN_BENCHMARK(NAME##_upb);
-
 void BM_set_string_cpp(benchmark::State& state) {
   for (auto s : state) {
     auto data = std::make_unique<BenchData>();

rust/test/cpp/debug_test.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use debug_rust_proto::DebugMsg;
 use googletest::prelude::*;
 
+#[cfg(not(lite_runtime))]
 #[test]
 fn test_debug() {
     let mut msg = DebugMsg::new();
@@ -10,3 +11,14 @@ fn test_debug() {
     assert_that!(format!("{msg:?}"), contains_substring("id: 1"));
     assert_that!(format!("{msg:?}"), not(contains_substring("password")));
 }
+
+#[cfg(lite_runtime)]
+#[test]
+fn test_debug_lite() {
+    let mut msg = DebugMsg::new();
+    msg.set_id(1);
+    msg.set_secret_user_data("password");
+
+    assert_that!(format!("{msg:?}"), contains_substring("MessageLite"));
+    assert_that!(format!("{msg:?}"), not(contains_substring("password")));
+}