#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp" #include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp" #include "opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp" #include "opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp" #include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp" #include #include #include #include using namespace cv; using namespace std; void help() { printf("\nSigh: This program is not complete/will be replaced. \n" "So: Use this just to see hints of how to use things like Rodrigues\n" " conversions, finding the fundamental matrix, using descriptor\n" " finding and matching in features2d and using camera parameters\n" "Usage: build3dmodel -i \n" "\t[-d ] [-de ] -m \n\n"); return; } static bool readCameraMatrix(const string& filename, Mat& cameraMatrix, Mat& distCoeffs, Size& calibratedImageSize ) { FileStorage fs(filename, FileStorage::READ); fs["image_width"] >> calibratedImageSize.width; fs["image_height"] >> calibratedImageSize.height; fs["distortion_coefficients"] >> distCoeffs; fs["camera_matrix"] >> cameraMatrix; if( distCoeffs.type() != CV_64F ) distCoeffs = Mat_(distCoeffs); if( cameraMatrix.type() != CV_64F ) cameraMatrix = Mat_(cameraMatrix); return true; } static bool readModelViews( const string& filename, vector& box, vector& imagelist, vector& roiList, vector& poseList ) { imagelist.resize(0); roiList.resize(0); poseList.resize(0); box.resize(0); FileStorage fs(filename, FileStorage::READ); if( !fs.isOpened() ) return false; fs["box"] >> box; FileNode all = fs["views"]; if( all.type() != FileNode::SEQ ) return false; FileNodeIterator it = all.begin(), it_end = all.end(); for(; it != it_end; ++it) { FileNode n = *it; imagelist.push_back((string)n["image"]); FileNode nr = n["roi"]; roiList.push_back(Rect((int)nr[0], (int)nr[1], (int)nr[2], (int)nr[3])); FileNode np = n["pose"]; poseList.push_back(Vec6f((float)np[0], (float)np[1], (float)np[2], (float)np[3], (float)np[4], (float)np[5])); } return true; } struct PointModel { vector points; vector > didx; Mat descriptors; string name; }; static void writeModel(const string& modelFileName, const string& modelname, const PointModel& model) { FileStorage fs(modelFileName, FileStorage::WRITE); fs << modelname << "{" << "points" << "[:" << model.points << "]" << "idx" << "[:"; for( size_t i = 0; i < model.didx.size(); i++ ) fs << "[:" << model.didx[i] << "]"; fs << "]" << "descriptors" << model.descriptors; } static void unpackPose(const Vec6f& pose, Mat& R, Mat& t) { Mat rvec = (Mat_(3,1) << pose[0], pose[1], pose[2]); t = (Mat_(3,1) << pose[3], pose[4], pose[5]); Rodrigues(rvec, R); } static Mat getFundamentalMat( const Mat& R1, const Mat& t1, const Mat& R2, const Mat& t2, const Mat& cameraMatrix ) { Mat_ R = R2*R1.t(), t = t2 - R*t1; double tx = t.at(0,0), ty = t.at(1,0), tz = t.at(2,0); Mat E = (Mat_(3,3) << 0, -tz, ty, tz, 0, -tx, -ty, tx, 0)*R; Mat iK = cameraMatrix.inv(); Mat F = iK.t()*E*iK; #if 0 static bool checked = false; if(!checked) { vector objpoints(100); Mat O(objpoints); randu(O, Scalar::all(-10), Scalar::all(10)); vector imgpoints1, imgpoints2; projectPoints(Mat(objpoints), R1, t1, cameraMatrix, Mat(), imgpoints1); projectPoints(Mat(objpoints), R2, t2, cameraMatrix, Mat(), imgpoints2); double* f = (double*)F.data; for( size_t i = 0; i < objpoints.size(); i++ ) { Point2f p1 = imgpoints1[i], p2 = imgpoints2[i]; double diff = p2.x*(f[0]*p1.x + f[1]*p1.y + f[2]) + p2.y*(f[3]*p1.x + f[4]*p1.y + f[5]) + f[6]*p1.x + f[7]*p1.y + f[8]; CV_Assert(fabs(diff) < 1e-3); } checked = true; } #endif return F; } static void findConstrainedCorrespondences(const Mat& _F, const vector& keypoints1, const vector& keypoints2, const Mat& descriptors1, const Mat& descriptors2, vector& matches, double eps, double ratio) { float F[9]={0}; int dsize = descriptors1.cols; Mat Fhdr = Mat(3, 3, CV_32F, F); _F.convertTo(Fhdr, CV_32F); matches.clear(); for( int i = 0; i < (int)keypoints1.size(); i++ ) { Point2f p1 = keypoints1[i].pt; double bestDist1 = DBL_MAX, bestDist2 = DBL_MAX; int bestIdx1 = -1, bestIdx2 = -1; const float* d1 = descriptors1.ptr(i); for( int j = 0; j < (int)keypoints2.size(); j++ ) { Point2f p2 = keypoints2[j].pt; double e = p2.x*(F[0]*p1.x + F[1]*p1.y + F[2]) + p2.y*(F[3]*p1.x + F[4]*p1.y + F[5]) + F[6]*p1.x + F[7]*p1.y + F[8]; if( fabs(e) > eps ) continue; const float* d2 = descriptors2.ptr(j); double dist = 0; int k = 0; for( ; k <= dsize - 8; k += 8 ) { float t0 = d1[k] - d2[k], t1 = d1[k+1] - d2[k+1]; float t2 = d1[k+2] - d2[k+2], t3 = d1[k+3] - d2[k+3]; float t4 = d1[k+4] - d2[k+4], t5 = d1[k+5] - d2[k+5]; float t6 = d1[k+6] - d2[k+6], t7 = d1[k+7] - d2[k+7]; dist += t0*t0 + t1*t1 + t2*t2 + t3*t3 + t4*t4 + t5*t5 + t6*t6 + t7*t7; if( dist >= bestDist2 ) break; } if( dist < bestDist2 ) { for( ; k < dsize; k++ ) { float t = d1[k] - d2[k]; dist += t*t; } if( dist < bestDist1 ) { bestDist2 = bestDist1; bestIdx2 = bestIdx1; bestDist1 = dist; bestIdx1 = (int)j; } else if( dist < bestDist2 ) { bestDist2 = dist; bestIdx2 = (int)j; } } } if( bestIdx1 >= 0 && bestDist1 < bestDist2*ratio ) { Point2f p2 = keypoints1[bestIdx1].pt; double e = p2.x*(F[0]*p1.x + F[1]*p1.y + F[2]) + p2.y*(F[3]*p1.x + F[4]*p1.y + F[5]) + F[6]*p1.x + F[7]*p1.y + F[8]; if( e > eps*0.25 ) continue; double threshold = bestDist1/ratio; const float* d22 = descriptors2.ptr(bestIdx1); int i1 = 0; for( ; i1 < (int)keypoints1.size(); i1++ ) { if( i1 == i ) continue; Point2f p1 = keypoints1[i1].pt; const float* d11 = descriptors1.ptr(i1); double dist = 0; e = p2.x*(F[0]*p1.x + F[1]*p1.y + F[2]) + p2.y*(F[3]*p1.x + F[4]*p1.y + F[5]) + F[6]*p1.x + F[7]*p1.y + F[8]; if( fabs(e) > eps ) continue; for( int k = 0; k < dsize; k++ ) { float t = d11[k] - d22[k]; dist += t*t; if( dist >= threshold ) break; } if( dist < threshold ) break; } if( i1 == (int)keypoints1.size() ) matches.push_back(Vec2i(i,bestIdx1)); } } } static Point3f findRayIntersection(Point3f k1, Point3f b1, Point3f k2, Point3f b2) { float a[4], b[2], x[2]; a[0] = k1.dot(k1); a[1] = a[2] = -k1.dot(k2); a[3] = k2.dot(k2); b[0] = k1.dot(b2 - b1); b[1] = k2.dot(b1 - b2); Mat_ A(2, 2, a), B(2, 1, b), X(2, 1, x); solve(A, B, X); float s1 = X.at(0, 0); float s2 = X.at(1, 0); return (k1*s1 + b1 + k2*s2 + b2)*0.5f; } static Point3f triangulatePoint(const vector& ps, const vector& Rs, const vector& ts, const Mat& cameraMatrix) { Mat_ K(cameraMatrix); /*if( ps.size() > 2 ) { Mat_ L(ps.size()*3, 4), U, evalues; Mat_ P(3,4), Rt(3,4), Rt_part1=Rt.colRange(0,3), Rt_part2=Rt.colRange(3,4); for( size_t i = 0; i < ps.size(); i++ ) { double x = ps[i].x, y = ps[i].y; Rs[i].convertTo(Rt_part1, Rt_part1.type()); ts[i].convertTo(Rt_part2, Rt_part2.type()); P = K*Rt; for( int k = 0; k < 4; k++ ) { L(i*3, k) = x*P(2,k) - P(0,k); L(i*3+1, k) = y*P(2,k) - P(1,k); L(i*3+2, k) = x*P(1,k) - y*P(0,k); } } eigen(L.t()*L, evalues, U); CV_Assert(evalues(0,0) >= evalues(3,0)); double W = fabs(U(3,3)) > FLT_EPSILON ? 1./U(3,3) : 0; return Point3f((float)(U(3,0)*W), (float)(U(3,1)*W), (float)(U(3,2)*W)); } else*/ { Mat_ iK = K.inv(); Mat_ R1t = Mat_(Rs[0]).t(); Mat_ R2t = Mat_(Rs[1]).t(); Mat_ m1 = (Mat_(3,1) << ps[0].x, ps[0].y, 1); Mat_ m2 = (Mat_(3,1) << ps[1].x, ps[1].y, 1); Mat_ K1 = R1t*(iK*m1), K2 = R2t*(iK*m2); Mat_ B1 = -R1t*Mat_(ts[0]); Mat_ B2 = -R2t*Mat_(ts[1]); return findRayIntersection(*K1.ptr(), *B1.ptr(), *K2.ptr(), *B2.ptr()); } } void triangulatePoint_test(void) { int i, n = 100; vector objpt(n), delta1(n), delta2(n); Mat rvec1(3,1,CV_32F), tvec1(3,1,CV_64F); Mat rvec2(3,1,CV_32F), tvec2(3,1,CV_64F); Mat objptmat(objpt), deltamat1(delta1), deltamat2(delta2); randu(rvec1, Scalar::all(-10), Scalar::all(10)); randu(tvec1, Scalar::all(-10), Scalar::all(10)); randu(rvec2, Scalar::all(-10), Scalar::all(10)); randu(tvec2, Scalar::all(-10), Scalar::all(10)); randu(objptmat, Scalar::all(-10), Scalar::all(10)); double eps = 1e-2; randu(deltamat1, Scalar::all(-eps), Scalar::all(eps)); randu(deltamat2, Scalar::all(-eps), Scalar::all(eps)); vector imgpt1, imgpt2; Mat_ cameraMatrix(3,3); double fx = 1000., fy = 1010., cx = 400.5, cy = 300.5; cameraMatrix << fx, 0, cx, 0, fy, cy, 0, 0, 1; projectPoints(Mat(objpt)+Mat(delta1), rvec1, tvec1, cameraMatrix, Mat(), imgpt1); projectPoints(Mat(objpt)+Mat(delta2), rvec2, tvec2, cameraMatrix, Mat(), imgpt2); vector objptt(n); vector pts(2); vector Rv(2), tv(2); Rodrigues(rvec1, Rv[0]); Rodrigues(rvec2, Rv[1]); tv[0] = tvec1; tv[1] = tvec2; for( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) { pts[0] = imgpt1[i]; pts[1] = imgpt2[i]; objptt[i] = triangulatePoint(pts, Rv, tv, cameraMatrix); } double err = norm(Mat(objpt), Mat(objptt), CV_C); CV_Assert(err < 1e-1); } typedef pair Pair2i; typedef map Set2i; struct EqKeypoints { EqKeypoints(const vector* _dstart, const Set2i* _pairs) : dstart(_dstart), pairs(_pairs) {} bool operator()(const Pair2i& a, const Pair2i& b) const { return pairs->find(Pair2i(dstart->at(a.first) + a.second, dstart->at(b.first) + b.second)) != pairs->end(); } const vector* dstart; const Set2i* pairs; }; static void build3dmodel( const Ptr& detector, const Ptr& descriptorExtractor, const vector& /*modelBox*/, const vector& imageList, const vector& roiList, const vector& poseList, const Mat& cameraMatrix, PointModel& model ) { int progressBarSize = 10; const double Feps = 5; const double DescriptorRatio = 0.7; vector > allkeypoints; vector dstart; vector alldescriptorsVec; vector pairwiseMatches; vector Rs, ts; int descriptorSize = 0; Mat descriptorbuf; Set2i pairs, keypointsIdxMap; model.points.clear(); model.didx.clear(); dstart.push_back(0); size_t nimages = imageList.size(); size_t nimagePairs = (nimages - 1)*nimages/2 - nimages; printf("\nComputing descriptors "); // 1. find all the keypoints and all the descriptors for( size_t i = 0; i < nimages; i++ ) { Mat img = imread(imageList[i], 1), gray; cvtColor(img, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY); vector keypoints; detector->detect(gray, keypoints); descriptorExtractor->compute(gray, keypoints, descriptorbuf); Point2f roiofs = roiList[i].tl(); for( size_t k = 0; k < keypoints.size(); k++ ) keypoints[k].pt += roiofs; allkeypoints.push_back(keypoints); Mat buf = descriptorbuf; if( !buf.isContinuous() || buf.type() != CV_32F ) { buf.release(); descriptorbuf.convertTo(buf, CV_32F); } descriptorSize = buf.cols; size_t prev = alldescriptorsVec.size(); size_t delta = buf.rows*buf.cols; alldescriptorsVec.resize(prev + delta); std::copy(buf.ptr(), buf.ptr() + delta, alldescriptorsVec.begin() + prev); dstart.push_back(dstart.back() + (int)keypoints.size()); Mat R, t; unpackPose(poseList[i], R, t); Rs.push_back(R); ts.push_back(t); if( (i+1)*progressBarSize/nimages > i*progressBarSize/nimages ) { putchar('.'); fflush(stdout); } } Mat alldescriptors((int)alldescriptorsVec.size()/descriptorSize, descriptorSize, CV_32F, &alldescriptorsVec[0]); printf("\nOk. total images = %d. total keypoints = %d\n", (int)nimages, alldescriptors.rows); printf("\nFinding correspondences "); int pairsFound = 0; vector pts_k(2); vector Rs_k(2), ts_k(2); //namedWindow("img1", 1); //namedWindow("img2", 1); // 2. find pairwise correspondences for( size_t i = 0; i < nimages; i++ ) for( size_t j = i+1; j < nimages; j++ ) { const vector& keypoints1 = allkeypoints[i]; const vector& keypoints2 = allkeypoints[j]; Mat descriptors1 = alldescriptors.rowRange(dstart[i], dstart[i+1]); Mat descriptors2 = alldescriptors.rowRange(dstart[j], dstart[j+1]); Mat F = getFundamentalMat(Rs[i], ts[i], Rs[j], ts[j], cameraMatrix); findConstrainedCorrespondences( F, keypoints1, keypoints2, descriptors1, descriptors2, pairwiseMatches, Feps, DescriptorRatio ); //pairsFound += (int)pairwiseMatches.size(); //Mat img1 = imread(format("%s/frame%04d.jpg", model.name.c_str(), (int)i), 1); //Mat img2 = imread(format("%s/frame%04d.jpg", model.name.c_str(), (int)j), 1); //double avg_err = 0; for( size_t k = 0; k < pairwiseMatches.size(); k++ ) { int i1 = pairwiseMatches[k][0], i2 = pairwiseMatches[k][1]; pts_k[0] = keypoints1[i1].pt; pts_k[1] = keypoints2[i2].pt; Rs_k[0] = Rs[i]; Rs_k[1] = Rs[j]; ts_k[0] = ts[i]; ts_k[1] = ts[j]; Point3f objpt = triangulatePoint(pts_k, Rs_k, ts_k, cameraMatrix); vector objpts; objpts.push_back(objpt); vector imgpts1, imgpts2; projectPoints(Mat(objpts), Rs_k[0], ts_k[0], cameraMatrix, Mat(), imgpts1); projectPoints(Mat(objpts), Rs_k[1], ts_k[1], cameraMatrix, Mat(), imgpts2); double e1 = norm(imgpts1[0] - keypoints1[i1].pt); double e2 = norm(imgpts2[0] - keypoints2[i2].pt); if( e1 + e2 > 5 ) continue; pairsFound++; //model.points.push_back(objpt); pairs[Pair2i(i1+dstart[i], i2+dstart[j])] = 1; pairs[Pair2i(i2+dstart[j], i1+dstart[i])] = 1; keypointsIdxMap[Pair2i((int)i,i1)] = 1; keypointsIdxMap[Pair2i((int)j,i2)] = 1; //CV_Assert(e1 < 5 && e2 < 5); //Scalar color(rand()%256,rand()%256, rand()%256); //circle(img1, keypoints1[i1].pt, 2, color, -1, CV_AA); //circle(img2, keypoints2[i2].pt, 2, color, -1, CV_AA); } //printf("avg err = %g\n", pairwiseMatches.size() ? avg_err/(2*pairwiseMatches.size()) : 0.); //imshow("img1", img1); //imshow("img2", img2); //waitKey(); if( (i+1)*progressBarSize/nimagePairs > i*progressBarSize/nimagePairs ) { putchar('.'); fflush(stdout); } } printf("\nOk. Total pairs = %d\n", pairsFound ); // 3. build the keypoint clusters vector keypointsIdx; Set2i::iterator kpidx_it = keypointsIdxMap.begin(), kpidx_end = keypointsIdxMap.end(); for( ; kpidx_it != kpidx_end; ++kpidx_it ) keypointsIdx.push_back(kpidx_it->first); printf("\nClustering correspondences "); vector labels; int nclasses = partition( keypointsIdx, labels, EqKeypoints(&dstart, &pairs) ); printf("\nOk. Total classes (i.e. 3d points) = %d\n", nclasses ); model.descriptors.create((int)keypointsIdx.size(), descriptorSize, CV_32F); model.didx.resize(nclasses); model.points.resize(nclasses); vector > clusters(nclasses); for( size_t i = 0; i < keypointsIdx.size(); i++ ) clusters[labels[i]].push_back(keypointsIdx[i]); // 4. now compute 3D points corresponding to each cluster and fill in the model data printf("\nComputing 3D coordinates "); int globalDIdx = 0; for( int k = 0; k < nclasses; k++ ) { int i, n = (int)clusters[k].size(); pts_k.resize(n); Rs_k.resize(n); ts_k.resize(n); model.didx[k].resize(n); for( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) { int imgidx = clusters[k][i].first, ptidx = clusters[k][i].second; Mat dstrow = model.descriptors.row(globalDIdx); alldescriptors.row(dstart[imgidx] + ptidx).copyTo(dstrow); model.didx[k][i] = globalDIdx++; pts_k[i] = allkeypoints[imgidx][ptidx].pt; Rs_k[i] = Rs[imgidx]; ts_k[i] = ts[imgidx]; } Point3f objpt = triangulatePoint(pts_k, Rs_k, ts_k, cameraMatrix); model.points[k] = objpt; if( (i+1)*progressBarSize/nclasses > i*progressBarSize/nclasses ) { putchar('.'); fflush(stdout); } } Mat img(768, 1024, CV_8UC3); vector imagePoints; namedWindow("Test", 1); // visualize the cloud for( size_t i = 0; i < nimages; i++ ) { img = imread(format("%s/frame%04d.jpg", model.name.c_str(), (int)i), 1); projectPoints(Mat(model.points), Rs[i], ts[i], cameraMatrix, Mat(), imagePoints); for( int k = 0; k < (int)imagePoints.size(); k++ ) circle(img, imagePoints[k], 2, Scalar(0,255,0), -1, CV_AA, 0); imshow("Test", img); int c = waitKey(); if( c == 'q' || c == 'Q' ) break; } } int main(int argc, char** argv) { const char* intrinsicsFilename = 0; const char* modelName = 0; const char* detectorName = "SURF"; const char* descriptorExtractorName = "SURF"; vector modelBox; vector imageList; vector roiList; vector poseList; if(argc < 3) { help(); return -1; } for( int i = 1; i < argc; i++ ) { if( strcmp(argv[i], "-i") == 0 ) intrinsicsFilename = argv[++i]; else if( strcmp(argv[i], "-m") == 0 ) modelName = argv[++i]; else if( strcmp(argv[i], "-d") == 0 ) detectorName = argv[++i]; else if( strcmp(argv[i], "-de") == 0 ) descriptorExtractorName = argv[++i]; else { help(); printf("Incorrect option\n"); return -1; } } if( !intrinsicsFilename || !modelName ) { printf("Some of the required parameters are missing\n"); help(); return -1; } triangulatePoint_test(); Mat cameraMatrix, distCoeffs; Size calibratedImageSize; readCameraMatrix(intrinsicsFilename, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, calibratedImageSize); Ptr detector = FeatureDetector::create(detectorName); Ptr descriptorExtractor = DescriptorExtractor::create(descriptorExtractorName); string modelIndexFilename = format("%s_segm/frame_index.yml", modelName); if(!readModelViews( modelIndexFilename, modelBox, imageList, roiList, poseList)) { printf("Can not read the model. Check the parameters and the working directory\n"); help(); return -1; } PointModel model; model.name = modelName; build3dmodel( detector, descriptorExtractor, modelBox, imageList, roiList, poseList, cameraMatrix, model ); string outputModelName = format("%s_model.yml.gz", modelName); printf("\nDone! Now saving the model ...\n"); writeModel(outputModelName, modelName, model); return 0; }