meson/mesonbuild/modules/python.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# Copyright 2018 The Meson development team

from __future__ import annotations

import copy, json, os, shutil, re
import typing as T

from . import ExtensionModule, ModuleInfo
from .. import mesonlib
from .. import mlog
from ..options import UserFeatureOption
from ..build import known_shmod_kwargs, CustomTarget, CustomTargetIndex, BuildTarget, GeneratedList, StructuredSources, ExtractedObjects, SharedModule
from ..dependencies import NotFoundDependency
from ..dependencies.detect import get_dep_identifier, find_external_dependency
from ..dependencies.python import BasicPythonExternalProgram, python_factory, _PythonDependencyBase
from ..interpreter import extract_required_kwarg, permitted_dependency_kwargs, primitives as P_OBJ
from ..interpreter.interpreterobjects import _ExternalProgramHolder
from ..interpreter.type_checking import NoneType, PRESERVE_PATH_KW, SHARED_MOD_KWS
from ..interpreterbase import (
    noPosargs, noKwargs, permittedKwargs, ContainerTypeInfo,
    InvalidArguments, typed_pos_args, typed_kwargs, KwargInfo,
    FeatureNew, FeatureNewKwargs, disablerIfNotFound
)
from ..mesonlib import MachineChoice
from ..options import OptionKey
from ..programs import ExternalProgram, NonExistingExternalProgram

if T.TYPE_CHECKING:
    from typing_extensions import TypedDict, NotRequired

    from . import ModuleState
    from ..build import Build, Data
    from ..dependencies import Dependency
    from ..interpreter import Interpreter
    from ..interpreter.interpreter import BuildTargetSource
    from ..interpreter.kwargs import ExtractRequired, SharedModule as SharedModuleKw
    from ..interpreterbase.baseobjects import TYPE_var, TYPE_kwargs

    class PyInstallKw(TypedDict):

        pure: T.Optional[bool]
        subdir: str
        install_tag: T.Optional[str]

    class FindInstallationKw(ExtractRequired):

        disabler: bool
        modules: T.List[str]
        pure: T.Optional[bool]

    class ExtensionModuleKw(SharedModuleKw):

        subdir: NotRequired[T.Optional[str]]

    MaybePythonProg = T.Union[NonExistingExternalProgram, 'PythonExternalProgram']


mod_kwargs = {'subdir', 'limited_api'}
mod_kwargs.update(known_shmod_kwargs)
mod_kwargs -= {'name_prefix', 'name_suffix'}

_MOD_KWARGS = [k for k in SHARED_MOD_KWS if k.name not in {'name_prefix', 'name_suffix'}]


class PythonExternalProgram(BasicPythonExternalProgram):

    # This is a ClassVar instead of an instance bool, because although an
    # installation is cached, we actually copy it, modify attributes such as pure,
    # and return a temporary one rather than the cached object.
    run_bytecompile: T.ClassVar[T.Dict[str, bool]] = {}

    def sanity(self, state: T.Optional['ModuleState'] = None) -> bool:
        ret = super().sanity()
        if ret:
            self.platlib = self._get_path(state, 'platlib')
            self.purelib = self._get_path(state, 'purelib')
            self.run_bytecompile.setdefault(self.info['version'], False)
        return ret

    def _get_path(self, state: T.Optional['ModuleState'], key: str) -> str:
        rel_path = self.info['install_paths'][key][1:]
        if not state:
            # This happens only from run_project_tests.py
            return rel_path
        value = T.cast('str', state.get_option(f'python.{key}dir'))
        if value:
            if state.is_user_defined_option('python.install_env'):
                raise mesonlib.MesonException(f'python.{key}dir and python.install_env are mutually exclusive')
            return value

        install_env = state.get_option('python.install_env')
        if install_env == 'auto':
            install_env = 'venv' if self.info['is_venv'] else 'system'

        if install_env == 'system':
            rel_path = os.path.join(self.info['variables']['prefix'], rel_path)
        elif install_env == 'venv':
            if not self.info['is_venv']:
                raise mesonlib.MesonException('python.install_env cannot be set to "venv" unless you are in a venv!')
            # inside a venv, deb_system is *never* active hence info['paths'] may be wrong
            rel_path = self.info['sysconfig_paths'][key]

        return rel_path


_PURE_KW = KwargInfo('pure', (bool, NoneType))
_SUBDIR_KW = KwargInfo('subdir', str, default='')
_LIMITED_API_KW = KwargInfo('limited_api', str, default='', since='1.3.0')
_DEFAULTABLE_SUBDIR_KW = KwargInfo('subdir', (str, NoneType))

class PythonInstallation(_ExternalProgramHolder['PythonExternalProgram']):
    def __init__(self, python: 'PythonExternalProgram', interpreter: 'Interpreter'):
        _ExternalProgramHolder.__init__(self, python, interpreter)
        info = python.info
        prefix = self.interpreter.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('prefix'))
        assert isinstance(prefix, str), 'for mypy'
        self.variables = info['variables']
        self.suffix = info['suffix']
        self.limited_api_suffix = info['limited_api_suffix']
        self.paths = info['paths']
        self.pure = python.pure
        self.platlib_install_path = os.path.join(prefix, python.platlib)
        self.purelib_install_path = os.path.join(prefix, python.purelib)
        self.version = info['version']
        self.platform = info['platform']
        self.is_pypy = info['is_pypy']
        self.link_libpython = info['link_libpython']
        self.methods.update({
            'extension_module': self.extension_module_method,
            'dependency': self.dependency_method,
            'install_sources': self.install_sources_method,
            'get_install_dir': self.get_install_dir_method,
            'language_version': self.language_version_method,
            'found': self.found_method,
            'has_path': self.has_path_method,
            'get_path': self.get_path_method,
            'has_variable': self.has_variable_method,
            'get_variable': self.get_variable_method,
            'path': self.path_method,
        })

    @permittedKwargs(mod_kwargs)
    @typed_pos_args('python.extension_module', str, varargs=(str, mesonlib.File, CustomTarget, CustomTargetIndex, GeneratedList, StructuredSources, ExtractedObjects, BuildTarget))
    @typed_kwargs('python.extension_module', *_MOD_KWARGS, _DEFAULTABLE_SUBDIR_KW, _LIMITED_API_KW, allow_unknown=True)
    def extension_module_method(self, args: T.Tuple[str, T.List[BuildTargetSource]], kwargs: ExtensionModuleKw) -> 'SharedModule':
        if 'install_dir' in kwargs:
            if kwargs['subdir'] is not None:
                raise InvalidArguments('"subdir" and "install_dir" are mutually exclusive')
        else:
            # We want to remove 'subdir', but it may be None and we want to replace it with ''
            # It must be done this way since we don't allow both `install_dir`
            # and `subdir` to be set at the same time
            subdir = kwargs.pop('subdir') or ''

            kwargs['install_dir'] = self._get_install_dir_impl(False, subdir)

        target_suffix = self.suffix

        new_deps = mesonlib.extract_as_list(kwargs, 'dependencies')
        pydep = next((dep for dep in new_deps if isinstance(dep, _PythonDependencyBase)), None)
        if pydep is None:
            pydep = self._dependency_method_impl({})
            if not pydep.found():
                raise mesonlib.MesonException('Python dependency not found')
            new_deps.append(pydep)
            FeatureNew.single_use('python_installation.extension_module with implicit dependency on python',
                                  '0.63.0', self.subproject, 'use python_installation.dependency()',
                                  self.current_node)

        limited_api_version = kwargs.pop('limited_api')
        allow_limited_api = self.interpreter.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('python.allow_limited_api'))
        if limited_api_version != '' and allow_limited_api:

            target_suffix = self.limited_api_suffix

            limited_api_version_hex = self._convert_api_version_to_py_version_hex(limited_api_version, pydep.version)
            limited_api_definition = f'-DPy_LIMITED_API={limited_api_version_hex}'

            new_c_args = mesonlib.extract_as_list(kwargs, 'c_args')
            new_c_args.append(limited_api_definition)
            kwargs['c_args'] = new_c_args

            new_cpp_args = mesonlib.extract_as_list(kwargs, 'cpp_args')
            new_cpp_args.append(limited_api_definition)
            kwargs['cpp_args'] = new_cpp_args

            # On Windows, the limited API DLL is python3.dll, not python3X.dll.
            for_machine = kwargs['native']
            if self.interpreter.environment.machines[for_machine].is_windows():
                pydep_copy = copy.copy(pydep)
                pydep_copy.find_libpy_windows(self.env, limited_api=True)
                if not pydep_copy.found():
                    raise mesonlib.MesonException('Python dependency supporting limited API not found')

                new_deps.remove(pydep)
                new_deps.append(pydep_copy)

            # When compiled under MSVC, Python's PC/pyconfig.h forcibly inserts pythonMAJOR.MINOR.lib
            # into the linker path when not running in debug mode via a series #pragma comment(lib, "")
            # directives. We manually override these here as this interferes with the intended
            # use of the 'limited_api' kwarg
            compilers = self.interpreter.environment.coredata.compilers[for_machine]
            if any(compiler.get_id() == 'msvc' for compiler in compilers.values()):
                pyver = pydep.version.replace('.', '')
                python_windows_debug_link_exception = f'/NODEFAULTLIB:python{pyver}_d.lib'
                python_windows_release_link_exception = f'/NODEFAULTLIB:python{pyver}.lib'

                new_link_args = mesonlib.extract_as_list(kwargs, 'link_args')

                is_debug = self.interpreter.environment.coredata.optstore.get_value('debug')
                if is_debug:
                    new_link_args.append(python_windows_debug_link_exception)
                else:
                    new_link_args.append(python_windows_release_link_exception)

                kwargs['link_args'] = new_link_args

        kwargs['dependencies'] = new_deps

        # msys2's python3 has "-cpython-36m.dll", we have to be clever
        # FIXME: explain what the specific cleverness is here
        split, target_suffix = target_suffix.rsplit('.', 1)
        args = (args[0] + split, args[1])

        kwargs['name_prefix'] = ''
        kwargs['name_suffix'] = target_suffix

        if kwargs['gnu_symbol_visibility'] == '' and \
                (self.is_pypy or mesonlib.version_compare(self.version, '>=3.9')):
            kwargs['gnu_symbol_visibility'] = 'inlineshidden'

        return self.interpreter.build_target(self.current_node, args, kwargs, SharedModule)

    def _convert_api_version_to_py_version_hex(self, api_version: str, detected_version: str) -> str:
        python_api_version_format = re.compile(r'[0-9]\.[0-9]{1,2}')
        decimal_match = python_api_version_format.fullmatch(api_version)
        if not decimal_match:
            raise InvalidArguments(f'Python API version invalid: "{api_version}".')
        if mesonlib.version_compare(api_version, '<3.2'):
            raise InvalidArguments(f'Python Limited API version invalid: {api_version} (must be greater than 3.2)')
        if mesonlib.version_compare(api_version, '>' + detected_version):
            raise InvalidArguments(f'Python Limited API version too high: {api_version} (detected {detected_version})')

        version_components = api_version.split('.')
        major = int(version_components[0])
        minor = int(version_components[1])

        return '0x{:02x}{:02x}0000'.format(major, minor)

    def _dependency_method_impl(self, kwargs: TYPE_kwargs) -> Dependency:
        for_machine = self.interpreter.machine_from_native_kwarg(kwargs)
        identifier = get_dep_identifier(self._full_path(), kwargs)

        dep = self.interpreter.coredata.deps[for_machine].get(identifier)
        if dep is not None:
            return dep

        new_kwargs = kwargs.copy()
        new_kwargs['required'] = False
        candidates = python_factory(self.interpreter.environment, for_machine, new_kwargs, self.held_object)
        dep = find_external_dependency('python', self.interpreter.environment, new_kwargs, candidates)

        self.interpreter.coredata.deps[for_machine].put(identifier, dep)
        return dep

    @disablerIfNotFound
    @permittedKwargs(permitted_dependency_kwargs | {'embed'})
    @FeatureNewKwargs('python_installation.dependency', '0.53.0', ['embed'])
    @noPosargs
    def dependency_method(self, args: T.List['TYPE_var'], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> 'Dependency':
        disabled, required, feature = extract_required_kwarg(kwargs, self.subproject)
        if disabled:
            mlog.log('Dependency', mlog.bold('python'), 'skipped: feature', mlog.bold(feature), 'disabled')
            return NotFoundDependency('python', self.interpreter.environment)
        else:
            dep = self._dependency_method_impl(kwargs)
            if required and not dep.found():
                raise mesonlib.MesonException('Python dependency not found')
            return dep

    @typed_pos_args('install_data', varargs=(str, mesonlib.File))
    @typed_kwargs(
        'python_installation.install_sources',
        _PURE_KW,
        _SUBDIR_KW,
        PRESERVE_PATH_KW,
        KwargInfo('install_tag', (str, NoneType), since='0.60.0')
    )
    def install_sources_method(self, args: T.Tuple[T.List[T.Union[str, mesonlib.File]]],
                               kwargs: 'PyInstallKw') -> 'Data':
        self.held_object.run_bytecompile[self.version] = True
        tag = kwargs['install_tag'] or 'python-runtime'
        pure = kwargs['pure'] if kwargs['pure'] is not None else self.pure
        install_dir = self._get_install_dir_impl(pure, kwargs['subdir'])
        return self.interpreter.install_data_impl(
            self.interpreter.source_strings_to_files(args[0]),
            install_dir,
            mesonlib.FileMode(), rename=None, tag=tag, install_data_type='python',
            preserve_path=kwargs['preserve_path'])

    @noPosargs
    @typed_kwargs('python_installation.install_dir', _PURE_KW, _SUBDIR_KW)
    def get_install_dir_method(self, args: T.List['TYPE_var'], kwargs: 'PyInstallKw') -> str:
        self.held_object.run_bytecompile[self.version] = True
        pure = kwargs['pure'] if kwargs['pure'] is not None else self.pure
        return self._get_install_dir_impl(pure, kwargs['subdir'])

    def _get_install_dir_impl(self, pure: bool, subdir: str) -> P_OBJ.OptionString:
        if pure:
            base = self.purelib_install_path
            name = '{py_purelib}'
        else:
            base = self.platlib_install_path
            name = '{py_platlib}'

        return P_OBJ.OptionString(os.path.join(base, subdir), os.path.join(name, subdir))

    @noPosargs
    @noKwargs
    def language_version_method(self, args: T.List['TYPE_var'], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> str:
        return self.version

    @typed_pos_args('python_installation.has_path', str)
    @noKwargs
    def has_path_method(self, args: T.Tuple[str], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> bool:
        return args[0] in self.paths

    @typed_pos_args('python_installation.get_path', str, optargs=[object])
    @noKwargs
    def get_path_method(self, args: T.Tuple[str, T.Optional['TYPE_var']], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> 'TYPE_var':
        path_name, fallback = args
        try:
            return self.paths[path_name]
        except KeyError:
            if fallback is not None:
                return fallback
            raise InvalidArguments(f'{path_name} is not a valid path name')

    @typed_pos_args('python_installation.has_variable', str)
    @noKwargs
    def has_variable_method(self, args: T.Tuple[str], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> bool:
        return args[0] in self.variables

    @typed_pos_args('python_installation.get_variable', str, optargs=[object])
    @noKwargs
    def get_variable_method(self, args: T.Tuple[str, T.Optional['TYPE_var']], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> 'TYPE_var':
        var_name, fallback = args
        try:
            return self.variables[var_name]
        except KeyError:
            if fallback is not None:
                return fallback
            raise InvalidArguments(f'{var_name} is not a valid variable name')

    @noPosargs
    @noKwargs
    @FeatureNew('Python module path method', '0.50.0')
    def path_method(self, args: T.List['TYPE_var'], kwargs: 'TYPE_kwargs') -> str:
        return super().path_method(args, kwargs)


class PythonModule(ExtensionModule):

    INFO = ModuleInfo('python', '0.46.0')

    def __init__(self, interpreter: 'Interpreter') -> None:
        super().__init__(interpreter)
        self.installations: T.Dict[str, MaybePythonProg] = {}
        self.methods.update({
            'find_installation': self.find_installation,
        })

    def _get_install_scripts(self) -> T.List[mesonlib.ExecutableSerialisation]:
        backend = self.interpreter.backend
        ret = []
        optlevel = self.interpreter.environment.coredata.get_option(OptionKey('python.bytecompile'))
        if optlevel == -1:
            return ret
        if not any(PythonExternalProgram.run_bytecompile.values()):
            return ret

        installdata = backend.create_install_data()
        py_files = []

        def should_append(f, isdir: bool = False):
            # This uses the install_plan decorated names to see if the original source was propagated via
            # install_sources() or get_install_dir().
            return f.startswith(('{py_platlib}', '{py_purelib}')) and (f.endswith('.py') or isdir)

        for t in installdata.targets:
            if should_append(t.out_name):
                py_files.append((t.out_name, os.path.join(installdata.prefix, t.outdir, os.path.basename(t.fname))))
        for d in installdata.data:
            if should_append(d.install_path_name):
                py_files.append((d.install_path_name, os.path.join(installdata.prefix, d.install_path)))
        for d in installdata.install_subdirs:
            if should_append(d.install_path_name, True):
                py_files.append((d.install_path_name, os.path.join(installdata.prefix, d.install_path)))

        import importlib.resources
        pycompile = os.path.join(self.interpreter.environment.get_scratch_dir(), 'pycompile.py')
        with open(pycompile, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(importlib.resources.read_binary('mesonbuild.scripts', 'pycompile.py'))

        for i in self.installations.values():
            if isinstance(i, PythonExternalProgram) and i.run_bytecompile[i.info['version']]:
                i = T.cast('PythonExternalProgram', i)
                manifest = f'python-{i.info["version"]}-installed.json'
                manifest_json = []
                for name, f in py_files:
                    if f.startswith((os.path.join(installdata.prefix, i.platlib), os.path.join(installdata.prefix, i.purelib))):
                        manifest_json.append(name)
                with open(os.path.join(self.interpreter.environment.get_scratch_dir(), manifest), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                    json.dump(manifest_json, f)
                cmd = i.command + [pycompile, manifest, str(optlevel)]

                script = backend.get_executable_serialisation(cmd, verbose=True, tag='python-runtime',
                                                              installdir_map={'py_purelib': i.purelib, 'py_platlib': i.platlib})
                ret.append(script)
        return ret

    def postconf_hook(self, b: Build) -> None:
        b.install_scripts.extend(self._get_install_scripts())

    # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0397/
    @staticmethod
    def _get_win_pythonpath(name_or_path: str) -> T.Optional[str]:
        if not name_or_path.startswith(('python2', 'python3')):
            return None
        if not shutil.which('py'):
            # program not installed, return without an exception
            return None
        ver = f'-{name_or_path[6:]}'
        cmd = ['py', ver, '-c', "import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_config_var('BINDIR'))"]
        _, stdout, _ = mesonlib.Popen_safe(cmd)
        directory = stdout.strip()
        if os.path.exists(directory):
            return os.path.join(directory, 'python')
        else:
            return None

    def _find_installation_impl(self, state: 'ModuleState', display_name: str, name_or_path: str, required: bool) -> MaybePythonProg:
        if not name_or_path:
            python = PythonExternalProgram('python3', mesonlib.python_command)
        else:
            tmp_python = ExternalProgram.from_entry(display_name, name_or_path)
            python = PythonExternalProgram(display_name, ext_prog=tmp_python)

            if not python.found() and mesonlib.is_windows():
                pythonpath = self._get_win_pythonpath(name_or_path)
                if pythonpath is not None:
                    name_or_path = pythonpath
                    python = PythonExternalProgram(name_or_path)

            # Last ditch effort, python2 or python3 can be named python
            # on various platforms, let's not give up just yet, if an executable
            # named python is available and has a compatible version, let's use
            # it
            if not python.found() and name_or_path in {'python2', 'python3'}:
                tmp_python = ExternalProgram.from_entry(display_name, 'python')
                python = PythonExternalProgram(name_or_path, ext_prog=tmp_python)

        if python.found():
            if python.sanity(state):
                return python
            else:
                sanitymsg = f'{python} is not a valid python or it is missing distutils'
                if required:
                    raise mesonlib.MesonException(sanitymsg)
                else:
                    mlog.warning(sanitymsg, location=state.current_node)

        return NonExistingExternalProgram(python.name)

    @disablerIfNotFound
    @typed_pos_args('python.find_installation', optargs=[str])
    @typed_kwargs(
        'python.find_installation',
        KwargInfo('required', (bool, UserFeatureOption), default=True),
        KwargInfo('disabler', bool, default=False, since='0.49.0'),
        KwargInfo('modules', ContainerTypeInfo(list, str), listify=True, default=[], since='0.51.0'),
        _PURE_KW.evolve(default=True, since='0.64.0'),
    )
    def find_installation(self, state: 'ModuleState', args: T.Tuple[T.Optional[str]],
                          kwargs: 'FindInstallationKw') -> MaybePythonProg:
        feature_check = FeatureNew('Passing "feature" option to find_installation', '0.48.0')
        disabled, required, feature = extract_required_kwarg(kwargs, state.subproject, feature_check)

        # FIXME: this code is *full* of sharp corners. It assumes that it's
        # going to get a string value (or now a list of length 1), of `python2`
        # or `python3` which is completely nonsense.  On windows the value could
        # easily be `['py', '-3']`, or `['py', '-3.7']` to get a very specific
        # version of python. On Linux we might want a python that's not in
        # $PATH, or that uses a wrapper of some kind.
        np: T.List[str] = state.environment.lookup_binary_entry(MachineChoice.HOST, 'python') or []
        fallback = args[0]
        display_name = fallback or 'python'
        if not np and fallback is not None:
            np = [fallback]
        name_or_path = np[0] if np else None

        if disabled:
            mlog.log('Program', name_or_path or 'python', 'found:', mlog.red('NO'), '(disabled by:', mlog.bold(feature), ')')
            return NonExistingExternalProgram()

        python = self.installations.get(name_or_path)
        if not python:
            python = self._find_installation_impl(state, display_name, name_or_path, required)
            self.installations[name_or_path] = python

        want_modules = kwargs['modules']
        found_modules: T.List[str] = []
        missing_modules: T.List[str] = []
        if python.found() and want_modules:
            for mod in want_modules:
                p, *_ = mesonlib.Popen_safe(
                    python.command +
                    ['-c', f'import {mod}'])
                if p.returncode != 0:
                    missing_modules.append(mod)
                else:
                    found_modules.append(mod)

        msg: T.List['mlog.TV_Loggable'] = ['Program', python.name]
        if want_modules:
            msg.append('({})'.format(', '.join(want_modules)))
        msg.append('found:')
        if python.found() and not missing_modules:
            msg.extend([mlog.green('YES'), '({})'.format(' '.join(python.command))])
        else:
            msg.append(mlog.red('NO'))
        if found_modules:
            msg.append('modules:')
            msg.append(', '.join(found_modules))

        mlog.log(*msg)

        if not python.found():
            if required:
                raise mesonlib.MesonException('{} not found'.format(name_or_path or 'python'))
            return NonExistingExternalProgram(python.name)
        elif missing_modules:
            if required:
                raise mesonlib.MesonException('{} is missing modules: {}'.format(name_or_path or 'python', ', '.join(missing_modules)))
            return NonExistingExternalProgram(python.name)
        else:
            assert isinstance(python, PythonExternalProgram), 'for mypy'
            python = copy.copy(python)
            python.pure = kwargs['pure']
            return python

        raise mesonlib.MesonBugException('Unreachable code was reached (PythonModule.find_installation).')


def initialize(interpreter: 'Interpreter') -> PythonModule:
    mod = PythonModule(interpreter)
    mod.interpreter.append_holder_map(PythonExternalProgram, PythonInstallation)
    return mod