The Meson Build System
http://mesonbuild.com/
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71 lines
3.3 KiB
71 lines
3.3 KiB
--- |
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title: Quick guide |
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short-description: Guide to get started using meson |
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# Using Meson |
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Meson has been designed to be as easy to use as possible. This page outlines the basic use cases. For more advanced cases refer to Meson's command line help which is accessible with the command `meson --help`. |
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Requirements |
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-- |
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Meson has two main dependencies. |
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* [Python 3](https://python.org) |
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* [Ninja](https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/) |
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Ninja is only needed if you use the Ninja backend. Meson can also generate native VS and XCode project files. |
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On Ubuntu these can be easily installed with the following command: |
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```console |
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$ sudo apt-get install python3 ninja-build |
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``` |
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The best way to get Meson is to `pip install` it for your user |
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```console |
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$ pip3 install --user meson |
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``` |
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You can also use Meson as packaged by your distro, but beware that due to our frequent release cycle and development speed this version might be out of date. |
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Another option is to clone the git repository and run it directly from there. |
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Compiling a Meson project |
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The most common use case of Meson is compiling code on a code base you are working on. The steps to take are very simple. |
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```console |
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$ cd /path/to/source/root |
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$ meson builddir && cd builddir |
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$ ninja |
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$ ninja test |
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``` |
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The only thing to note is that you need to create a separate build directory. Meson will not allow you to build source code inside your source tree. All build artifacts are stored in the build directory. This allows you to have multiple build trees with different configurations at the same time. This way generated files are not added into revision control by accident. |
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To recompile after code changes, just type `ninja`. The build command is always the same. You can do arbitrary changes to source code and build system files and Meson will detect those and will do the right thing. If you want to build optimized binaries, just use the argument `--buildtype=debugoptimized` when running Meson. It is recommended that you keep one build directory for unoptimized builds and one for optimized ones. To compile any given configuration, just go into the corresponding build directory and run `ninja`. |
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Meson will automatically add compiler flags to enable debug information and compiler warnings (i.e. `-g` and `-Wall`). This means the user does not have to deal with them and can instead focus on coding. |
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Using Meson as a distro packager |
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Distro packagers usually want total control on the build flags used. Meson supports this use case natively. The commands needed to build and install Meson projects are the following. |
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```console |
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$ cd /path/to/source/root |
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$ CFLAGS=... CXXFLAGS=... LDFLAGS=.. meson --prefix /usr --buildtype=plain builddir |
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$ ninja -v -C builddir |
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$ ninja -C builddir test |
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$ DESTDIR=/path/to/staging/root ninja -C builddir install |
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``` |
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The command line switch `--buildtype=plain` tells Meson not to add its own flags to the command line. This gives the packager total control on used flags. |
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This is very similar to other build systems. The only difference is that the `DESTDIR` variable is passed as an environment variable rather than as an argument to `ninja install`. |
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As distro builds happen always from scratch, we recommend you to enable [unity builds](Unity-builds.md) whenever possible on your packages because they are faster and produce better code.
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