unit tests: Extend prebuilt test to test intermediate

This provides coverage for the bug:
https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson/issues/9542

test cases/unit/17 prebuilt shared/meson.build

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 project('prebuilt shared library', 'c')
 
+search_dir = get_option('search_dir')
+if search_dir == 'auto'
+  search_dir = meson.current_source_dir()
+endif
+
 cc = meson.get_compiler('c')
-shlib = cc.find_library('alexandria', dirs : meson.current_source_dir())
+shlib = cc.find_library('alexandria', dirs : search_dir)
 
 exe = executable('patron', 'patron.c', dependencies : shlib)
 test('visitation', exe)
@@ -11,3 +16,23 @@ d = declare_dependency(dependencies : shlib)
 exe2 = executable('another_visitor', 'another_visitor.c',
   dependencies : d)
 test('another', exe2)
+
+stlib = static_library(
+  'rejected',
+  'rejected.c',
+  dependencies : shlib,
+)
+
+rejected = executable(
+  'rejected',
+  'rejected_main.c',
+  link_with : stlib,
+)
+test('rejected', rejected)
+
+rejected_whole = executable(
+  'rejected_whole',
+  'rejected_main.c',
+  link_whole : stlib,
+)
+test('rejected (whole archive)', rejected_whole)

test cases/unit/17 prebuilt shared/meson_options.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+option('search_dir', type : 'string', value : 'auto')

test cases/unit/17 prebuilt shared/rejected.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "rejected.h"
+
+void say(void) {
+    printf("You are standing outside the Great Library of Alexandria.\n");
+    printf("You decide to go inside.\n\n");
+    alexandria_visit();
+    printf("The librarian tells you it's time to leave\n");
+}

test cases/unit/17 prebuilt shared/rejected.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <alexandria.h>
+
+#pragma once
+
+void say(void);

test cases/unit/17 prebuilt shared/rejected_main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include "rejected.h"
+
+int main(void) {
+    say();
+    return 0;
+}

unittests/allplatformstests.py

@@ -1516,6 +1516,29 @@ class AllPlatformTests(BasePlatformTests):
         self.build()
         self.run_tests()
 
+    def test_prebuilt_shared_lib_rpath(self) -> None:
+        (cc, _, object_suffix, shared_suffix) = self.detect_prebuild_env()
+        tdir = os.path.join(self.unit_test_dir, '17 prebuilt shared')
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as d:
+            source = os.path.join(tdir, 'alexandria.c')
+            objectfile = os.path.join(d, 'alexandria.' + object_suffix)
+            impfile = os.path.join(d, 'alexandria.lib')
+            if cc.get_argument_syntax() == 'msvc':
+                shlibfile = os.path.join(d, 'alexandria.' + shared_suffix)
+            elif is_cygwin():
+                shlibfile = os.path.join(d, 'cygalexandria.' + shared_suffix)
+            else:
+                shlibfile = os.path.join(d, 'libalexandria.' + shared_suffix)
+            # Ensure MSVC extra files end up in the directory that gets deleted
+            # at the end
+            with chdir(d):
+                self.build_shared_lib(cc, source, objectfile, shlibfile, impfile)
+
+            # Run the test
+            self.init(tdir, extra_args=[f'-Dsearch_dir={d}'])
+            self.build()
+            self.run_tests()
+
     @skipIfNoPkgconfig
     def test_pkgconfig_static(self):
         '''