[Interop]Rebuild Go base image to use go1.23.1 (#37723)

Passing manual build: https://btx.cloud.google.com/invocations/9adb3cd8-628c-42e5-a7a3-c2ba1ab6127f
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Closes #37723

PiperOrigin-RevId: 677900305

templates/tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile.template

@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@
   # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   # limitations under the License.
 
+  # Since the image names depend on the digest of the Dockerfile, updating the
+  # the following comment is a simple way to re-build the image with a new Go
+  # version.
+  # latest points to 1.23.1 at the time of building.
   FROM golang:latest
 
   <%include file="../../go_path.include"/>

tools/bazelify_tests/dockerimage_current_versions.bzl

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ DOCKERIMAGE_CURRENT_VERSIONS = {
     "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_aspnetcore.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_aspnetcore@sha256:8e2e732e78724a8382c340dca72e7653c5f82c251a3110fa2874cc00ba538878",
     "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_cxx.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_cxx@sha256:e5a474d33773d52ec6a8abbe2d61ee0c2a9c2b5f48793a5ea3b82c4445becf3f",
     "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_dart.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_dart@sha256:4915a280788126dad029858eb384dbbef2dc18cadccb434df6450dfd7a4929f2",
-    "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go@sha256:9d02b61552a93770ebb022f588daf9acd1088d29197fe120e0b082ede73f4584",
+    "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go@sha256:c925667feb3e065abf586a9e8b028f64b4673cb94bfb4b5e389c652ce906f5dc",
     "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go1.11.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go1.11@sha256:f2fe3a0a581c687ee4217bf58fd42b18bb1f63d3d006f1b67379ff553b0e23c6",
     "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go1.16.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go1.16@sha256:3767f47c9d06584c6c07b7ab536e13f3e87550330e6c2652ad288d3a72b0de23",
     "tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go1.19.current_version": "docker://us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go1.19@sha256:889e7ff34399a5e16af87940d1eaa239e56da307f7faca3f8f1d28379c2e3df3",

tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go.current_version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go:98dba9a99a13bf3cd11a4ebdde4fea2e3eaa9b41@sha256:9d02b61552a93770ebb022f588daf9acd1088d29197fe120e0b082ede73f4584
+us-docker.pkg.dev/grpc-testing/testing-images-public/grpc_interop_go:969ce4614d1152a43f9083e7d08f1932c63a1616@sha256:c925667feb3e065abf586a9e8b028f64b4673cb94bfb4b5e389c652ce906f5dc

tools/dockerfile/interoptest/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+# Since the image names depend on the digest of the Dockerfile, updating the
+# the following comment is a simple way to re-build the image with a new Go
+# version.
+# latest points to 1.23.1 at the time of building.
 FROM golang:latest
 
 # Using login shell removes Go from path, so we add it.