diff --git a/src/core/BUILD b/src/core/BUILD
index 56417492e00..d7f76fbd352 100644
--- a/src/core/BUILD
+++ b/src/core/BUILD
@@ -4368,6 +4368,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
         "//:ref_counted_ptr",
         "//:uri_parser",
         "//:work_serializer",
+        "//:xds_client",
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/google_c2p/google_c2p_resolver.cc b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/google_c2p/google_c2p_resolver.cc
index 7b41afb8d99..9a8c4229d04 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/google_c2p/google_c2p_resolver.cc
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/google_c2p/google_c2p_resolver.cc
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <grpc/impl/codegen/grpc_types.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 
+#include "src/core/ext/xds/xds_bootstrap.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/xds/xds_client_grpc.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/config/core_configuration.h"
@@ -66,6 +67,8 @@ namespace grpc_core {
 
 namespace {
 
+const char* kC2PAuthority = "traffic-director-c2p.xds.googleapis.com";
+
 class GoogleCloud2ProdResolver : public Resolver {
  public:
   explicit GoogleCloud2ProdResolver(ResolverArgs args);
@@ -261,6 +264,11 @@ void GoogleCloud2ProdResolver::IPv6Query::OnDone(
 // GoogleCloud2ProdResolver
 //
 
+bool XdsBootstrapConfigured() {
+  return GetEnv("GRPC_XDS_BOOTSTRAP").has_value() ||
+         GetEnv("GRPC_XDS_BOOTSTRAP_CONFIG").has_value();
+}
+
 GoogleCloud2ProdResolver::GoogleCloud2ProdResolver(ResolverArgs args)
     : resource_quota_(args.args.GetObjectRef<ResourceQuota>()),
       work_serializer_(std::move(args.work_serializer)),
@@ -274,18 +282,19 @@ GoogleCloud2ProdResolver::GoogleCloud2ProdResolver(ResolverArgs args)
           .value_or(false);
   const bool running_on_gcp =
       test_only_pretend_running_on_gcp || grpc_alts_is_running_on_gcp();
+  const bool federation_enabled = XdsFederationEnabled();
   if (!running_on_gcp ||
-      // If the client is already using xDS, we can't use it here, because
-      // they may be talking to a completely different xDS server than we
-      // want to.
-      // TODO(roth): When we implement xDS federation, remove this constraint.
-      GetEnv("GRPC_XDS_BOOTSTRAP").has_value() ||
-      GetEnv("GRPC_XDS_BOOTSTRAP_CONFIG").has_value()) {
+      // If the client is already using xDS and federation is not enabled,
+      // we can't use it here, because they may be talking to a completely
+      // different xDS server than we want to.
+      // TODO(roth): When we remove xDS federation env var protection,
+      // remove this constraint.
+      (!federation_enabled && XdsBootstrapConfigured())) {
     using_dns_ = true;
     child_resolver_ =
         CoreConfiguration::Get().resolver_registry().CreateResolver(
-            absl::StrCat("dns:", name_to_resolve).c_str(), args.args,
-            args.pollset_set, work_serializer_, std::move(args.result_handler));
+            absl::StrCat("dns:", name_to_resolve), args.args, args.pollset_set,
+            work_serializer_, std::move(args.result_handler));
     GPR_ASSERT(child_resolver_ != nullptr);
     return;
   }
@@ -298,9 +307,13 @@ GoogleCloud2ProdResolver::GoogleCloud2ProdResolver(ResolverArgs args)
     metadata_server_name_ = std::move(*test_only_metadata_server_override);
   }
   // Create xds resolver.
+  std::string xds_uri =
+      federation_enabled
+          ? absl::StrCat("xds://", kC2PAuthority, "/", name_to_resolve)
+          : absl::StrCat("xds:", name_to_resolve);
   child_resolver_ = CoreConfiguration::Get().resolver_registry().CreateResolver(
-      absl::StrCat("xds:", name_to_resolve).c_str(), args.args,
-      args.pollset_set, work_serializer_, std::move(args.result_handler));
+      xds_uri, args.args, args.pollset_set, work_serializer_,
+      std::move(args.result_handler));
   GPR_ASSERT(child_resolver_ != nullptr);
 }
 
@@ -389,7 +402,7 @@ void GoogleCloud2ProdResolver::StartXdsResolver() {
       {"xds_servers", xds_server},
       {"authorities",
        Json::Object{
-           {"traffic-director-c2p.xds.googleapis.com",
+           {kC2PAuthority,
             Json::Object{
                 {"xds_servers", std::move(xds_server)},
             }},