diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_artifact_linux_x64/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_artifact_linux_x64/Dockerfile
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_artifact_linux_x64/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_artifact_linux_x64/Dockerfile
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_artifact_linux_x86/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_artifact_linux_x86/Dockerfile
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_artifact_linux_x86/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_artifact_linux_x86/Dockerfile
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_csharp/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_csharp/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_csharp/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_csharp/Dockerfile
index 3789cd32038..c3c79487f7a 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_csharp/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_csharp/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_csharp/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_csharp/build_interop.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_csharp/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_csharp/build_interop.sh
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_cxx/Dockerfile
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_cxx/Dockerfile
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_cxx/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_cxx/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_cxx/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_cxx/build_interop.sh
index 1c0828d23a6..903c31b3e78 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_cxx/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_cxx/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_http2/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile
similarity index 97%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_http2/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile
index bb60f09f247..f83e18c8a31 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_http2/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_go/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_go/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_go/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_go/build_interop.sh
index e8915493422..224b0040c04 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_go/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_go/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_http2/Dockerfile
similarity index 97%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_http2/Dockerfile
index bb60f09f247..f83e18c8a31 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_go/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_http2/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_http2/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_http2/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_http2/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_http2/build_interop.sh
index 46ddaf929a8..5f701e34c0d 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_http2/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_http2/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_java/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_java/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_java/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_java/Dockerfile
index 1ec24a95e38..5ba53246319 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_java/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_java/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_java/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_java/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_java/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_java/build_interop.sh
index 9997c63308b..9c9591abd87 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_java/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_java/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_node/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_node/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_node/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_node/Dockerfile
index db5aff844de..3f0f918ad9e 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_node/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_node/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_node/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_node/build_interop.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_node/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_node/build_interop.sh
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_php/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_php/Dockerfile
similarity index 99%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_php/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_php/Dockerfile
index cf3e79176a5..4f5b3fcb777 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_php/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_php/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_php/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_php/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_php/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_php/build_interop.sh
index 87262f1d629..2bffbd89384 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_php/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_php/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_python/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_python/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_python/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_python/Dockerfile
index 047604b1b79..ef4432d2604 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_python/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_python/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_python/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_python/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_python/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_python/build_interop.sh
index 39c93677d8b..203b012aed4 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_python/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_python/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_ruby/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_ruby/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_ruby/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_ruby/Dockerfile
index ff201fa291e..b3383afe79e 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_ruby/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_ruby/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_ruby/build_interop.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_ruby/build_interop.sh
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_ruby/build_interop.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_ruby/build_interop.sh
index c5023f5c1d4..04288bf1aaf 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_ruby/build_interop.sh
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_ruby/build_interop.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_cxx/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_cxx/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/Dockerfile
index 1fa19075330..58a8c32e344 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_cxx/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/build_interop_stress.sh b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/build_interop_stress.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/build_interop_stress.sh
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_interop_stress_cxx/build_interop_stress.sh
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_jenkins_slave/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_jenkins_slave_x64/Dockerfile
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_jenkins_slave/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_jenkins_slave_x64/Dockerfile
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_jenkins_slave_32bits/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_jenkins_slave_x86/Dockerfile
similarity index 100%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_jenkins_slave_32bits/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_jenkins_slave_x86/Dockerfile
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile
similarity index 98%
rename from tools/jenkins/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile
rename to tools/dockerfile/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile
index 848489e091c..8c179da6c86 100644
--- a/tools/jenkins/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile
+++ b/tools/dockerfile/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/build_docker_and_run_tests.sh b/tools/jenkins/build_docker_and_run_tests.sh
index 562cfcb6a6e..58163bb5835 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/build_docker_and_run_tests.sh
+++ b/tools/jenkins/build_docker_and_run_tests.sh
@@ -47,11 +47,15 @@ mkdir -p /tmp/xdg-cache-home
 # Create a local branch so the child Docker script won't complain
 git branch -f jenkins-docker
 
-# Use image name based on Dockerfile checksum
-DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=grpc_jenkins_slave${docker_suffix}_`sha1sum tools/jenkins/grpc_jenkins_slave/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ `
+# Inputs
+# DOCKERFILE_DIR - Directory in which Dockerfile file is located.
+# DOCKER_RUN_SCRIPT - Script to run under docker (relative to grpc repo root)
+
+# Use image name based on Dockerfile location checksum
+DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$(basename $DOCKERFILE_DIR)_$(sha1sum $DOCKERFILE_DIR/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ )
 
 # Make sure docker image has been built. Should be instantaneous if so.
-docker build -t $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME tools/jenkins/grpc_jenkins_slave$docker_suffix
+docker build -t $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME $DOCKERFILE_DIR
 
 # Choose random name for docker container
 CONTAINER_NAME="run_tests_$(uuidgen)"
@@ -76,7 +80,7 @@ docker run \
   -w /var/local/git/grpc \
   --name=$CONTAINER_NAME \
   $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME \
-  bash -l /var/local/jenkins/grpc/tools/jenkins/docker_run_tests.sh || DOCKER_FAILED="true"
+  bash -l "/var/local/jenkins/grpc/$DOCKER_RUN_SCRIPT" || DOCKER_FAILED="true"
 
 if [ "$XML_REPORT" != "" ]
 then
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/build_interop_image.sh b/tools/jenkins/build_interop_image.sh
index 73937068a4f..28d5f31d4f2 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/build_interop_image.sh
+++ b/tools/jenkins/build_interop_image.sh
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ then
 fi
 
 # Use image name based on Dockerfile checksum
-BASE_IMAGE=${BASE_NAME}_base:`sha1sum tools/jenkins/$BASE_NAME/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ `
+BASE_IMAGE=${BASE_NAME}_base:`sha1sum tools/dockerfile/$BASE_NAME/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ `
 
 # Make sure base docker image has been built. Should be instantaneous if so.
-docker build -t $BASE_IMAGE --force-rm=true tools/jenkins/$BASE_NAME || exit $?
+docker build -t $BASE_IMAGE --force-rm=true tools/dockerfile/$BASE_NAME || exit $?
 
 # Create a local branch so the child Docker script won't complain
 git branch -f jenkins-docker
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ CONTAINER_NAME="build_${BASE_NAME}_$(uuidgen)"
   -v /tmp/ccache:/tmp/ccache \
   --name=$CONTAINER_NAME \
   $BASE_IMAGE \
-  bash -l /var/local/jenkins/grpc/tools/jenkins/$BASE_NAME/build_interop.sh \
+  bash -l /var/local/jenkins/grpc/tools/dockerfile/$BASE_NAME/build_interop.sh \
   && docker commit $CONTAINER_NAME $INTEROP_IMAGE \
   && echo "Successfully built image $INTEROP_IMAGE")
 EXITCODE=$?
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/build_interop_stress_image.sh b/tools/jenkins/build_interop_stress_image.sh
index 395eaa32d9b..92f2dab5e34 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/build_interop_stress_image.sh
+++ b/tools/jenkins/build_interop_stress_image.sh
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ then
 fi
 
 # Use image name based on Dockerfile checksum
-BASE_IMAGE=${BASE_NAME}_base:`sha1sum tools/jenkins/$BASE_NAME/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ `
+BASE_IMAGE=${BASE_NAME}_base:`sha1sum tools/dockerfile/$BASE_NAME/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ `
 
 # Make sure base docker image has been built. Should be instantaneous if so.
-docker build -t $BASE_IMAGE --force-rm=true tools/jenkins/$BASE_NAME || exit $?
+docker build -t $BASE_IMAGE --force-rm=true tools/dockerfile/$BASE_NAME || exit $?
 
 # Create a local branch so the child Docker script won't complain
 git branch -f jenkins-docker
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ CONTAINER_NAME="build_${BASE_NAME}_$(uuidgen)"
   -v /tmp/ccache:/tmp/ccache \
   --name=$CONTAINER_NAME \
   $BASE_IMAGE \
-  bash -l /var/local/jenkins/grpc/tools/jenkins/$BASE_NAME/build_interop_stress.sh \
+  bash -l /var/local/jenkins/grpc/tools/dockerfile/$BASE_NAME/build_interop_stress.sh \
   && docker commit $CONTAINER_NAME $INTEROP_IMAGE \
   && echo "Successfully built image $INTEROP_IMAGE")
 EXITCODE=$?
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/run_distribution.sh b/tools/jenkins/run_distribution.sh
index 64c60f15027..446ce16703e 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/run_distribution.sh
+++ b/tools/jenkins/run_distribution.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ if [ "$platform" == "linux" ]; then
 
   if [ "$dist_channel" == "homebrew" ]; then
 
-    sha1=$(sha1sum tools/jenkins/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ )
+    sha1=$(sha1sum tools/dockerfile/grpc_linuxbrew/Dockerfile | cut -f1 -d\ )
     DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=grpc_linuxbrew_$sha1
 
     # build docker image, contains all pre-requisites
-    docker build -t $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME tools/jenkins/grpc_linuxbrew
+    docker build -t $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME tools/dockerfile/grpc_linuxbrew
 
     # run per-language homebrew installation script
     docker run --rm=true $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME bash -l \
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/run_jenkins.sh b/tools/jenkins/run_jenkins.sh
index 49b2fa55c2d..123b252719a 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/run_jenkins.sh
+++ b/tools/jenkins/run_jenkins.sh
@@ -39,51 +39,17 @@
 # NOTE: No empty lines should appear in this file before igncr is set!
 set -ex -o igncr || set -ex
 
-# Grabbing the machine's architecture
-arch=`uname -m`
-
-case $platform in
-  i386)
-    arch="i386"
-    platform="linux"
-    docker_suffix=_32bits
-    ;;
-esac
-
 if [ "$platform" == "linux" ]
 then
-  echo "building $language on Linux"
-
-  ./tools/run_tests/run_tests.py --use_docker -t -l $language -c $config -x report.xml -j 3 $@ || TESTS_FAILED="true"
-
-elif [ "$platform" == "windows" ]
-then
-  echo "building $language on Windows"
-
-  # Prevent msbuild from picking up "platform" env variable, which would break the build
-  unset platform
-
-  python tools/run_tests/run_tests.py -t -l $language -c $config -x report.xml -j 3 $@ || TESTS_FAILED="true"
-
-elif [ "$platform" == "macos" ]
-then
-  echo "building $language on MacOS"
-
-  # Prevent msbuild from picking up "platform" env variable, which would break the build
-  unset platform
-
-  ./tools/run_tests/run_tests.py -t -l $language -c $config -x report.xml -j 3 $@ || TESTS_FAILED="true"
-
+  USE_DOCKER_MAYBE="--use_docker"
 elif [ "$platform" == "freebsd" ]
 then
-  echo "building $language on FreeBSD"
+  export MAKE=gmake
+fi
 
-  MAKE=gmake ./tools/run_tests/run_tests.py -t -l $language -c $config -x report.xml -j 3 $@ || TESTS_FAILED="true"
+unset platform  # variable named 'platform' breaks the windows build
 
-else
-  echo "Unknown platform $platform"
-  exit 1
-fi
+python tools/run_tests/run_tests.py $USE_DOCKER_MAYBE -t -l $language -c $config -x report.xml -j 3 $@ || TESTS_FAILED="true"
 
 if [ ! -e reports/index.html ]
 then
diff --git a/tools/jenkins/run_portability.sh b/tools/jenkins/run_portability.sh
index afce4ad7438..f76dbd3144c 100755
--- a/tools/jenkins/run_portability.sh
+++ b/tools/jenkins/run_portability.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2015-2016, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ maybe_build_only='--build_only'
 
 if [ "$curr_platform" == "windows" ]
 then
-  win_arch="windows_${curr_arch}"
-  python tools/run_tests/run_tests.py -t -l $language -c $config --arch ${win_arch} --compiler ${curr_compiler} ${maybe_build_only} -x report.xml $@
+  python tools/run_tests/run_tests.py -t -l $language -c $config --arch ${curr_arch} --compiler ${curr_compiler} ${maybe_build_only} -x report.xml $@
 else
   echo "Unsupported scenario."
   exit 1
diff --git a/tools/run_tests/build_artifacts.py b/tools/run_tests/build_artifacts.py
index ff9dd4735ac..0337f1b3d77 100755
--- a/tools/run_tests/build_artifacts.py
+++ b/tools/run_tests/build_artifacts.py
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class CSharpExtArtifact:
                  'EMBED_ZLIB': 'true'}
       if self.platform == 'linux':
         return create_docker_jobspec(self.name,
-            'tools/jenkins/grpc_artifact_linux_%s' % self.arch,
+            'tools/dockerfile/grpc_artifact_linux_%s' % self.arch,
             'tools/run_tests/build_artifact_csharp.sh')
       else:
         environ.update(macos_arch_env(self.arch))
diff --git a/tools/run_tests/run_tests.py b/tools/run_tests/run_tests.py
index 6ea274b31d7..488af3b4da7 100755
--- a/tools/run_tests/run_tests.py
+++ b/tools/run_tests/run_tests.py
@@ -538,15 +538,37 @@ _WINDOWS_CONFIG = {
 
 def _windows_arch_option(arch):
   """Returns msbuild cmdline option for selected architecture."""
-  if arch == 'default' or arch == 'windows_x86':
+  if arch == 'default' or arch == 'x86':
     return '/p:Platform=Win32'
-  elif arch == 'windows_x64':
+  elif arch == 'x64':
     return '/p:Platform=x64'
   else:
-    print 'Architecture %s not supported on current platform.' % arch
+    print 'Architecture %s not supported.' % arch
     sys.exit(1)
-
     
+
+def _check_arch_option(arch):
+  """Checks that architecture option is valid."""
+  if platform_string() == 'windows':
+    _windows_arch_option(arch)
+  elif platform_string() == 'linux':
+    # On linux, we need to be running under docker with the right architecture.
+    runtime_arch = platform.architecture()[0]
+    if arch == 'default':
+      return
+    elif runtime_arch == '64bit' and arch == 'x64':
+      return
+    elif runtime_arch == '32bit' and arch == 'x86':
+      return
+    else:
+      print 'Architecture %s does not match current runtime architecture.' % arch
+      sys.exit(1)
+  else:
+    if args.arch != 'default':
+      print 'Architecture %s not supported on current platform.' % args.arch
+      sys.exit(1)
+
+
 def _windows_build_bat(compiler):
   """Returns name of build.bat for selected compiler."""
   if compiler == 'default' or compiler == 'vs2013':
@@ -558,8 +580,8 @@ def _windows_build_bat(compiler):
   else:
     print 'Compiler %s not supported.' % compiler
     sys.exit(1)
-    
-    
+
+
 def _windows_toolset_option(compiler):
   """Returns msbuild PlatformToolset for selected compiler."""
   if compiler == 'default' or compiler == 'vs2013':
@@ -571,7 +593,17 @@ def _windows_toolset_option(compiler):
   else:
     print 'Compiler %s not supported.' % compiler
     sys.exit(1)
-   
+
+
+def _get_dockerfile_dir(arch):
+  """Returns dockerfile to use"""
+  if arch == 'default' or arch == 'x64':
+    return 'tools/dockerfile/grpc_jenkins_slave_x64'
+  elif arch == 'x86':
+    return 'tools/dockerfile/grpc_jenkins_slave_x86'
+  else:
+    print 'Architecture %s not supported with current settings.' % arch
+    sys.exit(1)
 
 def runs_per_test_type(arg_str):
     """Auxilary function to parse the "runs_per_test" flag.
@@ -638,7 +670,7 @@ argp.add_argument('--allow_flakes',
                   const=True,
                   help='Allow flaky tests to show as passing (re-runs failed tests up to five times)')
 argp.add_argument('--arch',
-                  choices=['default', 'windows_x86', 'windows_x64'],
+                  choices=['default', 'x86', 'x64'],
                   default='default',
                   help='Selects architecture to target. For some platforms "default" is the only supported choice.')
 argp.add_argument('--compiler',
@@ -662,36 +694,6 @@ args = argp.parse_args()
 
 jobset.measure_cpu_costs = args.measure_cpu_costs
 
-if args.use_docker:
-  if not args.travis:
-    print 'Seen --use_docker flag, will run tests under docker.'
-    print
-    print 'IMPORTANT: The changes you are testing need to be locally committed'
-    print 'because only the committed changes in the current branch will be'
-    print 'copied to the docker environment.'
-    time.sleep(5)
-
-  child_argv = [ arg for arg in sys.argv if not arg == '--use_docker' ]
-  run_tests_cmd = 'tools/run_tests/run_tests.py %s' % ' '.join(child_argv[1:])
-
-  # TODO(jtattermusch): revisit if we need special handling for arch here
-  # set arch command prefix in case we are working with different arch.
-  arch_env = os.getenv('arch')
-  if arch_env:
-    run_test_cmd = 'arch %s %s' % (arch_env, run_test_cmd)
-
-  env = os.environ.copy()
-  env['RUN_TESTS_COMMAND'] = run_tests_cmd
-  if args.xml_report:
-    env['XML_REPORT'] = args.xml_report
-  if not args.travis:
-    env['TTY_FLAG'] = '-t'  # enables Ctrl-C when not on Jenkins.
-
-  subprocess.check_call(['tools/jenkins/build_docker_and_run_tests.sh'],
-                        shell=True,
-                        env=env)
-  sys.exit(0)
-
 # update submodules if necessary
 need_to_regenerate_projects = False
 for spec in args.update_submodules:
@@ -755,16 +757,44 @@ if any(language.make_options() for language in languages):
   else:
     language_make_options = next(iter(languages)).make_options()
 
-if platform_string() != 'windows':
-  if args.arch != 'default':
-    print 'Architecture %s not supported on current platform.' % args.arch
-    sys.exit(1)
-  if args.compiler != 'default':
+if len(languages) != 1 or len(build_configs) != 1:
+  print 'Multi-language and multi-config testing is not supported.'
+  sys.exit(1)
+
+if args.use_docker:
+  if not args.travis:
+    print 'Seen --use_docker flag, will run tests under docker.'
+    print
+    print 'IMPORTANT: The changes you are testing need to be locally committed'
+    print 'because only the committed changes in the current branch will be'
+    print 'copied to the docker environment.'
+    time.sleep(5)
+
+  child_argv = [ arg for arg in sys.argv if not arg == '--use_docker' ]
+  run_tests_cmd = 'tools/run_tests/run_tests.py %s' % ' '.join(child_argv[1:])
+
+  env = os.environ.copy()
+  env['RUN_TESTS_COMMAND'] = run_tests_cmd
+  env['DOCKERFILE_DIR'] = _get_dockerfile_dir(args.arch)
+  env['DOCKER_RUN_SCRIPT'] = 'tools/jenkins/docker_run_tests.sh'
+  if args.xml_report:
+    env['XML_REPORT'] = args.xml_report
+  if not args.travis:
+    env['TTY_FLAG'] = '-t'  # enables Ctrl-C when not on Jenkins.
+
+  subprocess.check_call(['tools/jenkins/build_docker_and_run_tests.sh'],
+                        shell=True,
+                        env=env)
+  sys.exit(0)
+  
+if platform_string() != 'windows' and args.compiler != 'default':
     print 'Compiler %s not supported on current platform.' % args.compiler
     sys.exit(1)
 
-if platform_string() == 'windows':
-  def make_jobspec(cfg, targets, makefile='Makefile'):
+_check_arch_option(args.arch)
+
+def make_jobspec(cfg, targets, makefile='Makefile'):
+  if platform_string() == 'windows':
     extra_args = []
     # better do parallel compilation
     # empirically /m:2 gives the best performance/price and should prevent
@@ -782,8 +812,7 @@ if platform_string() == 'windows':
                       language_make_options,
                       shell=True, timeout_seconds=None)
       for target in targets]
-else:
-  def make_jobspec(cfg, targets, makefile='Makefile'):
+  else:
     if targets:
       return [jobset.JobSpec([os.getenv('MAKE', 'make'),
                               '-f', makefile,
@@ -796,6 +825,7 @@ else:
                              timeout_seconds=None)]
     else:
       return []
+
 make_targets = {}
 for l in languages:
   makefile = l.makefile_name()