/* * * IP-address/hostname to country converter. * * Problem; you want to know where IP a.b.c.d is located. * * Use ares_gethostbyname ("d.c.b.a.zz.countries.nerd.dk") * and get the CNAME (host->h_name). Result will be: * CNAME = zz.countries.nerd.dk with address 127.0.x.y (ver 1) or * CNAME = .zz.countries.nerd.dk with address 127.0.x.y (ver 2) * * The 2 letter country code is in and the ISO-3166 country * number is in x.y (number = x*256 + y). Version 2 of the protocol is missing * the number. * * Ref: http://countries.nerd.dk/more.html * * Written by G. Vanem 2006, 2007 * * NB! This program may not be big-endian aware. * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this * software and its documentation for any purpose and without * fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright * notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright * notice and this permission notice appear in supporting * documentation, and that the name of M.I.T. not be used in * advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the * software without specific, written prior permission. * M.I.T. makes no representations about the suitability of * this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" * without express or implied warranty. */ #include "ares_setup.h" #ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H #include #endif #if defined(WIN32) && !defined(WATT32) #include #else #include #include #include #endif #include "ares.h" #include "ares_getopt.h" #include "ares_nowarn.h" #ifndef HAVE_STRDUP # include "ares_strdup.h" # define strdup(ptr) ares_strdup(ptr) #endif #ifndef HAVE_STRCASECMP # include "ares_strcasecmp.h" # define strcasecmp(p1,p2) ares_strcasecmp(p1,p2) #endif #ifndef HAVE_STRNCASECMP # include "ares_strcasecmp.h" # define strncasecmp(p1,p2,n) ares_strncasecmp(p1,p2,n) #endif #ifndef INADDR_NONE #define INADDR_NONE 0xffffffff #endif static const char *usage = "acountry [-vh?] {host|addr} ...\n"; static const char nerd_fmt[] = "%u.%u.%u.%u.zz.countries.nerd.dk"; static const char *nerd_ver1 = nerd_fmt + 14; /* .countries.nerd.dk */ static const char *nerd_ver2 = nerd_fmt + 11; /* .zz.countries.nerd.dk */ static int verbose = 0; #define TRACE(fmt) do { \ if (verbose > 0) \ printf fmt ; \ } WHILE_FALSE static void wait_ares(ares_channel channel); static void callback(void *arg, int status, int timeouts, struct hostent *host); static void callback2(void *arg, int status, int timeouts, struct hostent *host); static void find_country_from_cname(const char *cname, struct in_addr addr); static void Abort(const char *fmt, ...) { va_list args; va_start(args, fmt); vfprintf(stderr, fmt, args); va_end(args); exit(1); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { ares_channel channel; int ch, status; #if defined(WIN32) && !defined(WATT32) WORD wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(USE_WINSOCK,USE_WINSOCK); WSADATA wsaData; WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); #endif status = ares_library_init(ARES_LIB_INIT_ALL); if (status != ARES_SUCCESS) { fprintf(stderr, "ares_library_init: %s\n", ares_strerror(status)); return 1; } while ((ch = ares_getopt(argc, argv, "dvh?")) != -1) switch (ch) { case 'd': #ifdef WATT32 dbug_init(); #endif break; case 'v': verbose++; break; case 'h': case '?': default: Abort(usage); } argc -= optind; argv += optind; if (argc < 1) Abort(usage); status = ares_init(&channel); if (status != ARES_SUCCESS) { fprintf(stderr, "ares_init: %s\n", ares_strerror(status)); return 1; } /* Initiate the queries, one per command-line argument. */ for ( ; *argv; argv++) { struct in_addr addr; char buf[100]; /* If this fails, assume '*argv' is a host-name that * must be resolved first */ if (ares_inet_pton(AF_INET, *argv, &addr) != 1) { ares_gethostbyname(channel, *argv, AF_INET, callback2, &addr); wait_ares(channel); if (addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) { printf("Failed to lookup %s\n", *argv); continue; } } sprintf(buf, nerd_fmt, (unsigned int)(addr.s_addr >> 24), (unsigned int)((addr.s_addr >> 16) & 255), (unsigned int)((addr.s_addr >> 8) & 255), (unsigned int)(addr.s_addr & 255)); TRACE(("Looking up %s...", buf)); fflush(stdout); ares_gethostbyname(channel, buf, AF_INET, callback, buf); } wait_ares(channel); ares_destroy(channel); ares_library_cleanup(); #if defined(WIN32) && !defined(WATT32) WSACleanup(); #endif return 0; } /* * Wait for the queries to complete. */ static void wait_ares(ares_channel channel) { for (;;) { struct timeval *tvp, tv; fd_set read_fds, write_fds; int nfds; FD_ZERO(&read_fds); FD_ZERO(&write_fds); nfds = ares_fds(channel, &read_fds, &write_fds); if (nfds == 0) break; tvp = ares_timeout(channel, NULL, &tv); nfds = select(nfds, &read_fds, &write_fds, NULL, tvp); if (nfds < 0) continue; ares_process(channel, &read_fds, &write_fds); } } /* * This is the callback used when we have the IP-address of interest. * Extract the CNAME and figure out the country-code from it. */ static void callback(void *arg, int status, int timeouts, struct hostent *host) { const char *name = (const char*)arg; const char *cname; char buf[20]; (void)timeouts; if (!host || status != ARES_SUCCESS) { printf("Failed to lookup %s: %s\n", name, ares_strerror(status)); return; } TRACE(("\nFound address %s, name %s\n", ares_inet_ntop(AF_INET,(const char*)host->h_addr,buf,sizeof(buf)), host->h_name)); cname = host->h_name; /* CNAME gets put here */ if (!cname) printf("Failed to get CNAME for %s\n", name); else find_country_from_cname(cname, *(struct in_addr*)host->h_addr); } /* * This is the callback used to obtain the IP-address of the host of interest. */ static void callback2(void *arg, int status, int timeouts, struct hostent *host) { struct in_addr *addr = (struct in_addr*) arg; (void)timeouts; if (!host || status != ARES_SUCCESS) memset(addr, INADDR_NONE, sizeof(*addr)); else memcpy(addr, host->h_addr, sizeof(*addr)); } struct search_list { int country_number; /* ISO-3166 country number */ char short_name[3]; /* A2 short country code */ const char *long_name; /* normal country name */ }; static const struct search_list *list_lookup(int number, const struct search_list *list, int num) { while (num > 0 && list->long_name) { if (list->country_number == number) return (list); num--; list++; } return (NULL); } /* * Ref: ftp://ftp.ripe.net/iso3166-countrycodes.txt */ static const struct search_list country_list[] = { { 4, "af", "Afghanistan" }, { 248, "ax", "Åland Island" }, { 8, "al", "Albania" }, { 12, "dz", "Algeria" }, { 16, "as", "American Samoa" }, { 20, "ad", "Andorra" }, { 24, "ao", "Angola" }, { 660, "ai", "Anguilla" }, { 10, "aq", "Antarctica" }, { 28, "ag", "Antigua & Barbuda" }, { 32, "ar", "Argentina" }, { 51, "am", "Armenia" }, { 533, "aw", "Aruba" }, { 36, "au", "Australia" }, { 40, "at", "Austria" }, { 31, "az", "Azerbaijan" }, { 44, "bs", "Bahamas" }, { 48, "bh", "Bahrain" }, { 50, "bd", "Bangladesh" }, { 52, "bb", "Barbados" }, { 112, "by", "Belarus" }, { 56, "be", "Belgium" }, { 84, "bz", "Belize" }, { 204, "bj", "Benin" }, { 60, "bm", "Bermuda" }, { 64, "bt", "Bhutan" }, { 68, "bo", "Bolivia" }, { 70, "ba", "Bosnia & Herzegowina" }, { 72, "bw", "Botswana" }, { 74, "bv", "Bouvet Island" }, { 76, "br", "Brazil" }, { 86, "io", "British Indian Ocean Territory" }, { 96, "bn", "Brunei Darussalam" }, { 100, "bg", "Bulgaria" }, { 854, "bf", "Burkina Faso" }, { 108, "bi", "Burundi" }, { 116, "kh", "Cambodia" }, { 120, "cm", "Cameroon" }, { 124, "ca", "Canada" }, { 132, "cv", "Cape Verde" }, { 136, "ky", "Cayman Islands" }, { 140, "cf", "Central African Republic" }, { 148, "td", "Chad" }, { 152, "cl", "Chile" }, { 156, "cn", "China" }, { 162, "cx", "Christmas Island" }, { 166, "cc", "Cocos Islands" }, { 170, "co", "Colombia" }, { 174, "km", "Comoros" }, { 178, "cg", "Congo" }, { 180, "cd", "Congo" }, { 184, "ck", "Cook Islands" }, { 188, "cr", "Costa Rica" }, { 384, "ci", "Cote d'Ivoire" }, { 191, "hr", "Croatia" }, { 192, "cu", "Cuba" }, { 196, "cy", "Cyprus" }, { 203, "cz", "Czech Republic" }, { 208, "dk", "Denmark" }, { 262, "dj", "Djibouti" }, { 212, "dm", "Dominica" }, { 214, "do", "Dominican Republic" }, { 218, "ec", "Ecuador" }, { 818, "eg", "Egypt" }, { 222, "sv", "El Salvador" }, { 226, "gq", "Equatorial Guinea" }, { 232, "er", "Eritrea" }, { 233, "ee", "Estonia" }, { 231, "et", "Ethiopia" }, { 238, "fk", "Falkland Islands" }, { 234, "fo", "Faroe Islands" }, { 242, "fj", "Fiji" }, { 246, "fi", "Finland" }, { 250, "fr", "France" }, { 249, "fx", "France, Metropolitan" }, { 254, "gf", "French Guiana" }, { 258, "pf", "French Polynesia" }, { 260, "tf", "French Southern Territories" }, { 266, "ga", "Gabon" }, { 270, "gm", "Gambia" }, { 268, "ge", "Georgia" }, { 276, "de", "Germany" }, { 288, "gh", "Ghana" }, { 292, "gi", "Gibraltar" }, { 300, "gr", "Greece" }, { 304, "gl", "Greenland" }, { 308, "gd", "Grenada" }, { 312, "gp", "Guadeloupe" }, { 316, "gu", "Guam" }, { 320, "gt", "Guatemala" }, { 324, "gn", "Guinea" }, { 624, "gw", "Guinea-Bissau" }, { 328, "gy", "Guyana" }, { 332, "ht", "Haiti" }, { 334, "hm", "Heard & Mc Donald Islands" }, { 336, "va", "Vatican City" }, { 340, "hn", "Honduras" }, { 344, "hk", "Hong kong" }, { 348, "hu", "Hungary" }, { 352, "is", "Iceland" }, { 356, "in", "India" }, { 360, "id", "Indonesia" }, { 364, "ir", "Iran" }, { 368, "iq", "Iraq" }, { 372, "ie", "Ireland" }, { 376, "il", "Israel" }, { 380, "it", "Italy" }, { 388, "jm", "Jamaica" }, { 392, "jp", "Japan" }, { 400, "jo", "Jordan" }, { 398, "kz", "Kazakhstan" }, { 404, "ke", "Kenya" }, { 296, "ki", "Kiribati" }, { 408, "kp", "Korea (north)" }, { 410, "kr", "Korea (south)" }, { 414, "kw", "Kuwait" }, { 417, "kg", "Kyrgyzstan" }, { 418, "la", "Laos" }, { 428, "lv", "Latvia" }, { 422, "lb", "Lebanon" }, { 426, "ls", "Lesotho" }, { 430, "lr", "Liberia" }, { 434, "ly", "Libya" }, { 438, "li", "Liechtenstein" }, { 440, "lt", "Lithuania" }, { 442, "lu", "Luxembourg" }, { 446, "mo", "Macao" }, { 807, "mk", "Macedonia" }, { 450, "mg", "Madagascar" }, { 454, "mw", "Malawi" }, { 458, "my", "Malaysia" }, { 462, "mv", "Maldives" }, { 466, "ml", "Mali" }, { 470, "mt", "Malta" }, { 584, "mh", "Marshall Islands" }, { 474, "mq", "Martinique" }, { 478, "mr", "Mauritania" }, { 480, "mu", "Mauritius" }, { 175, "yt", "Mayotte" }, { 484, "mx", "Mexico" }, { 583, "fm", "Micronesia" }, { 498, "md", "Moldova" }, { 492, "mc", "Monaco" }, { 496, "mn", "Mongolia" }, { 500, "ms", "Montserrat" }, { 504, "ma", "Morocco" }, { 508, "mz", "Mozambique" }, { 104, "mm", "Myanmar" }, { 516, "na", "Namibia" }, { 520, "nr", "Nauru" }, { 524, "np", "Nepal" }, { 528, "nl", "Netherlands" }, { 530, "an", "Netherlands Antilles" }, { 540, "nc", "New Caledonia" }, { 554, "nz", "New Zealand" }, { 558, "ni", "Nicaragua" }, { 562, "ne", "Niger" }, { 566, "ng", "Nigeria" }, { 570, "nu", "Niue" }, { 574, "nf", "Norfolk Island" }, { 580, "mp", "Northern Mariana Islands" }, { 578, "no", "Norway" }, { 512, "om", "Oman" }, { 586, "pk", "Pakistan" }, { 585, "pw", "Palau" }, { 275, "ps", "Palestinian Territory" }, { 591, "pa", "Panama" }, { 598, "pg", "Papua New Guinea" }, { 600, "py", "Paraguay" }, { 604, "pe", "Peru" }, { 608, "ph", "Philippines" }, { 612, "pn", "Pitcairn" }, { 616, "pl", "Poland" }, { 620, "pt", "Portugal" }, { 630, "pr", "Puerto Rico" }, { 634, "qa", "Qatar" }, { 638, "re", "Reunion" }, { 642, "ro", "Romania" }, { 643, "ru", "Russia" }, { 646, "rw", "Rwanda" }, { 659, "kn", "Saint Kitts & Nevis" }, { 662, "lc", "Saint Lucia" }, { 670, "vc", "Saint Vincent" }, { 882, "ws", "Samoa" }, { 674, "sm", "San Marino" }, { 678, "st", "Sao Tome & Principe" }, { 682, "sa", "Saudi Arabia" }, { 686, "sn", "Senegal" }, { 891, "cs", "Serbia and Montenegro" }, { 690, "sc", "Seychelles" }, { 694, "sl", "Sierra Leone" }, { 702, "sg", "Singapore" }, { 703, "sk", "Slovakia" }, { 705, "si", "Slovenia" }, { 90, "sb", "Solomon Islands" }, { 706, "so", "Somalia" }, { 710, "za", "South Africa" }, { 239, "gs", "South Georgia" }, { 724, "es", "Spain" }, { 144, "lk", "Sri Lanka" }, { 654, "sh", "St. Helena" }, { 666, "pm", "St. Pierre & Miquelon" }, { 736, "sd", "Sudan" }, { 740, "sr", "Suriname" }, { 744, "sj", "Svalbard & Jan Mayen Islands" }, { 748, "sz", "Swaziland" }, { 752, "se", "Sweden" }, { 756, "ch", "Switzerland" }, { 760, "sy", "Syrian Arab Republic" }, { 626, "tl", "Timor-Leste" }, { 158, "tw", "Taiwan" }, { 762, "tj", "Tajikistan" }, { 834, "tz", "Tanzania" }, { 764, "th", "Thailand" }, { 768, "tg", "Togo" }, { 772, "tk", "Tokelau" }, { 776, "to", "Tonga" }, { 780, "tt", "Trinidad & Tobago" }, { 788, "tn", "Tunisia" }, { 792, "tr", "Turkey" }, { 795, "tm", "Turkmenistan" }, { 796, "tc", "Turks & Caicos Islands" }, { 798, "tv", "Tuvalu" }, { 800, "ug", "Uganda" }, { 804, "ua", "Ukraine" }, { 784, "ae", "United Arab Emirates" }, { 826, "gb", "United Kingdom" }, { 840, "us", "United States" }, { 581, "um", "United States Minor Outlying Islands" }, { 858, "uy", "Uruguay" }, { 860, "uz", "Uzbekistan" }, { 548, "vu", "Vanuatu" }, { 862, "ve", "Venezuela" }, { 704, "vn", "Vietnam" }, { 92, "vg", "Virgin Islands (British)" }, { 850, "vi", "Virgin Islands (US)" }, { 876, "wf", "Wallis & Futuna Islands" }, { 732, "eh", "Western Sahara" }, { 887, "ye", "Yemen" }, { 894, "zm", "Zambia" }, { 716, "zw", "Zimbabwe" } }; /* * Check if start of 'str' is simply an IPv4 address. */ #define BYTE_OK(x) ((x) >= 0 && (x) <= 255) static int is_addr(char *str, char **end) { int a0, a1, a2, a3, num, rc = 0, length = 0; num = sscanf(str,"%3d.%3d.%3d.%3d%n",&a0,&a1,&a2,&a3,&length); if( (num == 4) && BYTE_OK(a0) && BYTE_OK(a1) && BYTE_OK(a2) && BYTE_OK(a3) && length >= (3+4)) { rc = 1; *end = str + length; } return rc; } /* * Find the country-code and name from the CNAME. E.g.: * version 1: CNAME = zzno.countries.nerd.dk with address 127.0.2.66 * yields ccode_A" = "no" and cnumber 578 (2.66). * version 2: CNAME = .zz.countries.nerd.dk with address 127.0.2.66 * yields cnumber 578 (2.66). ccode_A is ""; */ static void find_country_from_cname(const char *cname, struct in_addr addr) { const struct search_list *country; char ccode_A2[3], *ccopy, *dot_4; int cnumber, z0, z1, ver_1, ver_2; unsigned long ip; ip = ntohl(addr.s_addr); z0 = TOLOWER(cname[0]); z1 = TOLOWER(cname[1]); ccopy = strdup(cname); dot_4 = NULL; ver_1 = (z0 == 'z' && z1 == 'z' && !strcasecmp(cname+4,nerd_ver1)); ver_2 = (is_addr(ccopy,&dot_4) && !strcasecmp(dot_4,nerd_ver2)); if (ver_1) { const char *dot = strchr(cname, '.'); if (dot != cname+4) { printf("Unexpected CNAME %s (ver_1)\n", cname); free(ccopy); return; } } else if (ver_2) { z0 = TOLOWER(dot_4[1]); z1 = TOLOWER(dot_4[2]); if (z0 != 'z' && z1 != 'z') { printf("Unexpected CNAME %s (ver_2)\n", cname); free(ccopy); return; } } else { printf("Unexpected CNAME %s (ver?)\n", cname); free(ccopy); return; } if (ver_1) { ccode_A2[0] = (char)TOLOWER(cname[2]); ccode_A2[1] = (char)TOLOWER(cname[3]); ccode_A2[2] = '\0'; } else ccode_A2[0] = '\0'; cnumber = ip & 0xFFFF; TRACE(("Found country-code `%s', number %d\n", ver_1 ? ccode_A2 : "", cnumber)); country = list_lookup(cnumber, country_list, sizeof(country_list) / sizeof(country_list[0])); if (!country) printf("Name for country-number %d not found.\n", cnumber); else { if (ver_1) { if ((country->short_name[0] != ccode_A2[0]) || (country->short_name[1] != ccode_A2[1]) || (country->short_name[2] != ccode_A2[2])) printf("short-name mismatch; %s vs %s\n", country->short_name, ccode_A2); } printf("%s (%s), number %d.\n", country->long_name, country->short_name, cnumber); } free(ccopy); }