The structure of a ProRes frame in mov/mp4 is that of a typical atom:
First a 32 bit BE size field, then a tag detailling the content. Said
size field includes the eight bytes of the atom header.
This header is actually redundant, as the size of the atom is already
known from the containing atom. It is therefore stripped away when muxed
into Matroska and so the Matroska demuxer has to recreate upon demuxing.
But it did not account for the fact that the size field includes the
size of the header and this can lead to problems when a decoder uses the
in-band size field.
Fixes ticket #8210.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: James Almer <jamrial@gmail.com>
matroska_reset_status (a function that is used during seeking (among
other things)) used an int for the return value of avio_seek which
returns an int64_t. Checking the return value then indicated an error
even though the seek was successfull for targets in the range of
2GB-4GB, 6GB-8GB, ... This error implied that the status hasn't been
reset and in particular, the old level was still considered to be in
force, so that ebml_parse returned errors because the newly parsed
elements were of course not contained in the previously active and still
wrongly considered active master element any more.
Addresses ticket #8084.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: James Almer <jamrial@gmail.com>
The typedef used to define EbmlSyntax already includes a const qualifier
so that it is unnecessary to include another const qualifier in future
definitions and declarations. Given that MSVC warns about this, this
commit removes these redundant const qualifiers.
Suggested-by: Hendrik Leppkes <h.leppkes@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Unknown-length elements end when an element not allowed in them, but
allowed at a higher level is encountered. In order to check for this,
c1abd95a added a pointer to every syntax level's parent to each
EbmlSyntax. Given that the parent must of course also reference the
child in order to be able to enter said child level, one needs to use
forward declarations.
These forward declarations constitute tentative definitions and tentative
definitions with internal linkage (like our syntaxes) must not be an
incomplete type. Yet they were an incomplete type and while GCC and
Clang did not even warn about this (on default warning levels), it
broke compilation with MSVC. Therefore this commit adds the sizes.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
If a file uses unknown-length level 1 elements besides clusters and such
elements are after the first cluster, then these elements will usually
be parsed twice: Once during parsing of the file header and once when
reading the file reaches the position where these elements are located.
The second time the element is parsed leads to a "Duplicate element"
error message. Known-length elements are not affected by this as they
are skipped except during parsing the header.
This commit fixes this by explicitly adding a check for whether the
position of the element to be parsed is the same as the position of the
already known level 1 element.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This commit converts the MatroskaLevel1Element struct to use file-based
offsets, as opposed to the current practice of using offsets relative to
the beginning of the segment in it. This also includes a change from
uint64_t to int64_t.
This is in preparation to another patch that improves the check for
duplicate level 1 elements.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Up until now, one last kind of unknown-length element hasn't been
properly handled: Unknown-length elements that are supposed to be
skipped, i.e. the level 1 elements that might reside after the
clusters.
This commit changes this. To do this, ebml_parse got a mode that
essentially tries to skip everything except when parsing is needed
(namely for unknown-length elements for which parsing is necessary
as they can't be skipped). This mode is selected by using a NULL
as destination where the parsed data should be written to.
It is used to parse the level 1 elements in matroska_parse_cluster.
The syntax list used for parsing must of course include links to
the syntax of all the master elements that might need to be parsed.
In other words: Instead of matroska_clusters (which contained every
level 1 element except clusters as EBML_NONE elements designated to
be skipped) matroska_segment is needed and used; matroska_clusters has
been removed.
Furthermore, matroska_segment has been reordered so that clusters are at
the front as this is now the most common case for this list.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
matroska_probe did not support the case of an unknown-length EBML header
at all; given that libavformat's Matroska muxer used to produce such
files in the streaming case, support for them has been added.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
The current Matroska specifications mandate that only two elements may
use an unknown-length length: Segments and clusters. But this was not
always so: For the greater part of Matroska's existence, all master
elements were allowed to make use of the unknown-length feature.
And there were muxers creating such files: For several years
libavformat's Matroska muxer used unknown-length for all master
elements when the output wasn't seekable. This only stopped in March
2010 with 2529bb30. And even afterwards it was possible (albeit
unlikely) for libavformat to create unknown-length master elements
that are in violation of today's specifications, namely if the master
element was so big that the seek backwards to update the size could
no longer be performed inside the AVIOContext's write buffer. This
has only been fixed in October 2016 (with the patches that introduced
support for writing CRC-32 elements).
Libavformat's Matroska demuxer meanwhile has never really supported
unknown-length elements besides segments and clusters. Support for the
latter was hardcoded. This commit changes this: Now all master elements
for which a syntax to parse them is available are supported. This
includes the files produced by old versions of libavformat's muxer.
More precisely, master elements that have unknown length and are about
to be parsed (not skipped) are supported; only a warning is emitted for
them. For normal files, this means that level 1 elements after the
clusters that are encountered after the clusters have been parsed (i.e.
not because they are referenced by the seekhead at the beginning of the
file) are still unsupported (they would be skipped at this point if
their length were known).
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
1. Up until now, the error message for EBML numbers whose length exceeds
the limits imposed upon them because of the element's type did not
distinguish between known-length and unknown-length elements. As a
consequence, the numerical value of the define constant
EBML_UNKNOWN_LENGTH was emitted as part of the error message which is
of course not appropriate. This commit changes this by adding error
messages designed for unknown-length elements.
2. We impose some (arbitrary) sanity checks on the lengths of certain
element types; these checks were conducted before the checks depending
on whether the element exceeds its containing master element. Now the
order has been reversed, because a failure at the (formerly) latter
check implies that the file is truly erroneous and not only fails our
arbitrary length limit. Moreover, this increases the informativeness of
the error messages.
3. Furthermore, the error message in general has been changed by replacing
the type of the element (something internal to this demuxer and
therefore suitable as debug output at best, not as an error message
intended for ordinary users) with the element ID. The element's position
has been added, too.
4. Finally, the length limit for EBML_NONE elements has been changed so
that all unknown-length elements of EBML_NONE-type trigger an error.
This is done because unknown-length elements can't be skipped and need
to be parsed, but there is no syntax to parse available for EBML_NONE
elements. This is done in preparation for a further patch which allows
more unknown-length elements than just clusters and segments.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
The Matroska (and WebM) file format achieves forward-compability by
insisting that demuxers ignore and skip elements they don't know about.
Unfortunately, this complicates the detection of errors as errors
resulting from loosing sync can't be reliably distinguished from
unknown elements that are part of a future version of the standard.
Up until now, the strategy to deal with this situation was to skip all
unknown elements that are not obviously erroneous; if an error happened,
it was tried to seek to the last known good position to resync from (and
resync to level 1 elements). This is working fine if the input is
seekable, but if it is not, then the skipped data can usually not be
rechecked lateron. This is particularly acute if unknown-length clusters
are in use, as the check for whether a child element exceeds the
containing master element is ineffective in this situation.
To remedy this, a new heuristic has been introduced: If an unknown
element is encountered in non-seekable mode, an error is presumed to
have happened based upon a combination of the length of the row of the
already encountered unknown elements and of how far away skipping this
element would take us.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Cosmetics include reordering EbmlType so that EBML_SINT is adjacent to
the other numbers (and matches the order in the switch in ebml_parse)
and also reordering the switch for assignment of default values so that
it matches the order in EbmlType.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Up until now, avio_tell was used multiple times in ebml_parse and its
subroutines, although the result of these calls can usually be simply
derived from the result of earlier calls to avio_tell. This has been
changed. Unnecessary calls to avio_tell in ebml_parse are avoided now.
Furthermore, there has been a slight change in the output of some error
messages relating to elements exceeding their containing master element:
The reported position of the element now points to the first byte of the
element ID and no longer to the first byte of the element's payload.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This commit closes the last hole in the system of checks for a
known-length file ending too early: Now an error message is emitted
in case the file ends directly after an EBML element.
Furthermore, this commit adds a check and a corresponding warning
whether there is data beyond the Matroska segment (only reasonable for
known-length segments). If everything looks alright, then parsing is
stopped as soon as EOF is reached (in contrast, the earlier code would
always call matroska_resync at the end).
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
By including SimpleBlocks and BlockGroups twice in the same EbmlSyntax
array (with different semantics), one can reduce the duplication of the
other values.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
The new code does not rely on whether the cluster's position is set or
not to infer whether a cluster needs to be closed or not (instead, this
is done in ebml_parse), so there is no need to reset the cluster's
position at all any more. It will be automatically set to the correct
value when a cluster is entered.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Before this commit, the parsing of clusters mixed EBML levels by
allowing elements from different levels in a EbmlSyntax (namely
matroska_cluster_parsing). This has been changed. And the level
is now explicitly used to determine how to parse.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This commit changes how levels are handled: If the level used for
ebml_parse ends directly after an element that has been consumed, then
ebml_parse ends the level itself (and any known-length levels that end
there as well) and informs the caller via the return value; if the
current level is of unknown-length, then the level is ended as soon as
an element that is not valid on the current level, but on a higher
level is encountered (or if EOF has been encountered).
This is designed for situations where one wants to parse master elements
incrementally, i.e. not in one go via ebml_parse_nest.
The (incremental) parsing of clusters still mixes levels by using a
syntax list that contains elements from different levels and the level
is still ended manually via a call to ebml_level_end if the last cluster
was an unknown-length cluster (known-length clusters are already ended
when their last element is read), but only if the next element is a
cluster, too. A different level 1 element following an unknown-length
cluster will currently simply be presumed to be part of the earlier
cluster. Fixing this will be done in a future patch. The modifications
to matroska_parse_cluster contained in this patch are only intended not
to cause regressions.
Nevertheless, the fact that known-length levels are automatically ended
in ebml_parse when their last element has been read already fixes a bogus
error message introduced in 9326117b that was emitted when a known-length
cluster is followed by another level 1 element other than a cluster in
which case the cluster's level was not ended (which only happened when
a new cluster has been encountered) so that the length check (introduced
in 9326117b) failed for the level 1 element as it is of course not
contained in the previous cluster. Most Matroska files were affected by
this.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
By linking to the syntax of the parent (i.e. the containing master
element) one can check whether an element is actually part of a higher
level in the EBML hierarchy. Knowing this is important for
unknown-length levels, because they end when an element that doesn't
belong to this, but to a higher hierarchy level is encountered.
Sometimes there are different syntaxes dealing with the same elements.
In this case it is important to use a parent that contains all the
elements at the parent level; whether this is the syntax actually used
to enter the child's level is irrelevant. This affects the list of level
1 elements (which has been used as parent for matroska_cluster, too) and
it affects recursive elements (currently only the SimpleTag), where the
non-recursive parent has to be choosen.
This is in preparation for a patch that redoes level handling.
Finally, the segment id has been added to ebml_syntax. This will enable
handling of unknown-length EBML headers.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Currently, resyncing during reading packets works as follows:
The current position is recorded, then a call to matroska_parse_cluster
is made and if said call fails, the demuxer tries to resync from the
earlier position. If the call doesn't fail, but also doesn't deliver a
packet, then this is looped.
There are two problems with this approach:
1. The Matroska file format aims to be forward-compatible; to achieve
this, a demuxer should simply ignore and skip elements it doesn't
know about. But it is not possible to reliably distinguish unknown
elements from junk. If matroska_parse_cluster encounters an unknown
element, it can therefore not simply error out; instead it returns zero
and the loop is iterated which includes an update of the position that
is intended to be used in case of errors, i.e. the element that is
skipped is not searched for level 1 element ids to resync to at all if
later calls to matroska_parse_cluster return an error.
Notice that in case that sync has been lost there can be a chain of
several unknown/possibly junk elements before an error is detected.
2. Even if a call to matroska_parse_cluster delivers a packet, this does
not mean that everything is fine. E.g. it might be that some of the
block's data is missing and that the data that was presumed to be from
the block just read actually contains the beginning of the next element.
This will only be apparent at the next call of matroska_read_packet,
which uses the (false) end of the earlier block as resync position so
that in the (not unlikely) case that the call to matroska_parse_cluster
fails, the data believed to be part of the earlier block is not searched
for a level 1 element to resync to.
To counter this, a "last known good" position is introduced. When an
element id that is known to be allowed at this position in the hierarchy
(according to the syntax currently in use for parsing) is read and some
further checks (regarding the length of the element and its containing
master element) are passed, then the beginning of the current element is
treated as a "good" position and recorded as such in the
MatroskaDemuxContext. Because of 2., only the start of the element is
treated as a "good" position, not the whole element. If an error occurs
later during parsing of clusters, the resync process starts at the last
known good position.
Given that when the header is damaged the subsequent resync never skips over
data and is therefore unaffected by both issues, the "last known good"
concept is not used there.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Since the changes to the parsing of SimpleBlocks, both ebml_parse_id and
ebml_parse_elem are only called from one place, so that it is possible
to inline these two function calls. This is done, but not completely:
ebml_parse_id still exists in a modified form. This is done in
preparation for a further patch regarding the handling of
unknown-length elements.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
The earlier code set the level to zero upon seeking and after a
discontinuity although in both cases parsing (re)starts at a level 1
element.
Also set the segment's length to unkown if an error occured in order not
to drop any valid data that happens to be beyond the designated end of
the segment.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This function will be useful later to reset the status (e.g. current
level and the already parsed id).
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
When an error happens, the Matroska demuxer tries to resync to level 1
elements from an earlier position onwards. If the seek to said earlier
position fails, the demuxer currently treats this as an unrecoverable
error. And that behaviour is suboptimal as said failure is nothing
unrecoverable or unexpected (when the input isn't seekable).
It is preferable to simply resync from the earliest position available
(i.e. the start of the AVIOContext's buffer) onwards if the seek failed.
Here are some scenarios that might be treated as unrecoverable errors
by the current code if the input isn't seekable. They all have in
common that the current position is so far away from the desired
position that the seek can't be fulfilled from the AVIOContext's buffer:
1. Blocks (both SimpleBlocks as well as a Block in a BlockGroup) for
which reading them as binary EBML elements succeeds, but whose parsing
triggers an error (e.g. an invalid TrackNumber). In this case the
earlier position from which resyncing begins is at the start of the block
(or even earlier).
2. BlockGroups, whose parsing fails in one of the latter elements. Just
as in 1., the start of the BlockGroup (the target of the seek) might be
so far away from the current position that it is no longer in the
buffer.
3. At the beginning of parsing a cluster, the cluster is parsed until a
SimpleBlock or a BlockGroup is encountered. So if the input is damaged
between the beginning of the cluster and the first occurrence of a
SimpleBlock/BlockGroup and if said damage makes the demuxer read/skip so
much data that the beginning of the cluster is no longer in the buffer,
demuxing will currently fail completely.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This commit fixes an overflow introduced in a569a7b3 that affected EBML
elements that the Matroska demuxer doesn't want to parse like CRC-32
elements. The return value of avio_skip (the new position on success or
an AVERROR on failure) has been assigned to an integer which meant that
new positions in the range of 2GB to 4GB-1 etc. were considered errors.
Fixes ticket #8001.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: James Almer <jamrial@gmail.com>
Up until now, when an element was skipped, it was relied upon
ffio_limit to make sure that there is enough data available to skip.
ffio_limit itself relies upon the availability of the file's size. As
this needn't be available, the check has been refined: First one byte
less than intended is skipped, then another byte is read, followed by a
check of the error flags.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This commit fixes a number of bugs:
1. There was no check that no read error/EOF occured during
ebml_read_uint, ebml_read_sint and ebml_read_float.
2. ebml_read_ascii and ebml_read_binary did sometimes not forward
error codes; instead they simply returned AVERROR(EIO).
3. In particular, AVERROR_EOF hasn't been used and no dedicated error
message for it existed. This has been changed.
In order to reduce code duplication, the new error code NEEDS_CHECKING
has been introduced which makes ebml_parse check the AVIOContext's
status for errors.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
ebml_read_num had a number of flaws:
1. The check for read errors/EOF was totally wrong. E.g. an EBML number
beginning with the invalid 0x00 would be considered a read error,
although it is just invalid data.
2. The check for read errors/EOF was done just once, after reading the
first byte of the EBML number. But errors/EOF can happen inbetween, of
course, and this wasn't checked.
3. There was no way to distinguish when EOF should be an error (because
the data has to be there) for which an error message should be emitted
and when it is not necessarily an error (namely during parsing of EBML
IDs). Such a possibility has been added and used.
All this was fixed; furthermore, the error messages for invalid EBML
numbers were improved and useless initializations were removed.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Up until now, webm_dash_manifest_cues used the return values of
ebml_read_num and ebml_read_length without checking for errors,
i.e. return values < 0. This has been changed.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
It is only necessary to zero the initial allocated memory used to store
the size of laced frames if the block used Xiph lacing. Otherwise no
unintialized data was ever used, so use av_malloc instead of av_mallocz.
Also use the correct type for the allocations.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Up until now, the SimpleBlock was treated specially: It basically had
its own EBML category and it was also included in the BlockGroup EBML
syntax (although a SimpleBlock must not exist in a BlockGroup according
to the Matroska specifications). The latter fact also meant that
a MatroskaBlock's buffer was always unreferenced twice.
This has been changed: The type of a SimpleBlock is now an EBML_BIN.
The only way in which SimpleBlocks are still different is that they
share their associated structure with another unit (namely BlockGroup).
This is also used to unref the block: It is always unreferenced via the
BlockGroup syntax.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Before this commit, the Matroska muxer would read a block when required
to do so, parse the block, create and return the necessary AVPackets and
yet keep the blocks (in a dynamically allocated list), although they
aren't used at all any more. This has been changed. There is no list any
more and the block is immediately discarded after parsing.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Every new element of an EbmlList is zeroed initially in
ebml_parse_elem, so that in particular a SimpleBlock's duration is
initialized to zero. Therefore it is unnecessary to initialize this
field again (for SimpleBlocks) in matroska_parse_cluster_incremental.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
By default, the data_offset member of the AVFormatInternal of the
AVFormatContext associated with the MatroskaDemuxContext has not been
initialized explicitly by any Matroska-specific function, so that it was
initialized by default to the offset at the end of matroska_read_header,
i.e. usually to the offset of the length field of the first encountered
cluster. This meant that in case that the Matroska-specific seek-code
fails because there are no index entries for the target track a seek to
data_offset would be performed and ordinary parsing would start from
there which is nonsense: The length field would be treated as EBML ID and
(if the length field is not longer than four bytes (EBML numbers that
long are rejected as invalid EBML IDs)) whatever comes next would be
treated as its EBML size although it simply isn't.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
The earlier code relied on the length of clusters always being coded on
eight bytes as was the behaviour of libavformat's Matroska muxer until
recently. But given that our own Matroska muxer now (and mkvmerge from
time immemorial) creates files that don't conform to this assumption,
it is high time to get rid of this assumption.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
When the new incremental parser was introduced, the old parser was
kept, because the new parser was unable to handle the way SSA packets
are put into Matroska. But since 2014 (since c7d8dbad) this is no
longer needed, so that the old parser can be completely removed.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
This commit replaces copying attached pictures by using references to
the already existing buffers.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Matroska EBML IDs can be only four bytes long maximally, so it is
natural to use uint32_t for them. By doing this and rearranging the
elements of the MatroskaLevel1Element structure, one can reduce the size
of said structure.
Notice that this field is not read via the generic reading process for
EBML_UINT, so one is not forced to use an uint64_t for it.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Niedermayer <michael@niedermayer.cc>
This error message is outdated since d31fb1a9.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Niedermayer <michael@niedermayer.cc>
The earlier code had three flaws:
1. The case of an unknown-sized element inside a finite-sized element
(which is against the specifications) was not caught.
2. The error message wasn't helpful: It compared the length of the child
with the offset of the end of the parent and claimed that the first
exceeds the latter, although that is not necessarily true.
3. Unknown-sized elements that are not parsed can't be skipped. Given
that according to the Matroska specifications only the segment and the
clusters can be of unknown-size, this is handled by not allowing any
other units to have infinite size whereas the earlier code would seek
back by 1 byte upon encountering an infinite-size element that ought
to be skipped.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Niedermayer <michael@niedermayer.cc>
Unifying the way the EBML unknown length is signaled, rather than using two
incompatible values. UINT64_MAX cannot be read as a valid EBML length with the
current code.
Co-authored-by: Steve Lhomme <robux4@ycbcr.xyz>
Co-authored-by: Dale Curtis <dalecurtis@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Niedermayer <michael@niedermayer.cc>
This was found through the Hacker One program on VLC but is not a security issue in libavformat
Signed-off-by: Michael Niedermayer <michael@niedermayer.cc>
Andreas Rheinhardt
Michael Niedermayer
James Almer
Andreas Rheinhardt via ffmpeg-devel
Carl Eugen Hoyos
Steve Lhomme