diff --git a/libavcodec/encode.c b/libavcodec/encode.c
index 8c6d81286c..ade4d458e7 100644
--- a/libavcodec/encode.c
+++ b/libavcodec/encode.c
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ int ff_encode_get_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVFrame *frame)
 }
 
 int ff_encode_encode_cb(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt,
-                        const AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet)
+                        AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet)
 {
     const FFCodec *const codec = ffcodec(avctx->codec);
     int ret;
@@ -227,6 +227,10 @@ int ff_encode_encode_cb(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt,
 unref:
         av_packet_unref(avpkt);
     }
+#if !FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
+    if (frame)
+        av_frame_unref(frame);
+#endif
 
     return ret;
 }
@@ -267,8 +271,10 @@ static int encode_simple_internal(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt)
         ret = ff_thread_video_encode_frame(avctx, avpkt, frame, &got_packet);
     else {
         ret = ff_encode_encode_cb(avctx, avpkt, frame, &got_packet);
+#if FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
         if (frame)
             av_frame_unref(frame);
+#endif
     }
 
     if (avci->draining && !got_packet)
diff --git a/libavcodec/encode.h b/libavcodec/encode.h
index 296ffd312e..81d18d6ead 100644
--- a/libavcodec/encode.h
+++ b/libavcodec/encode.h
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ int ff_alloc_packet(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt, int64_t size);
 int ff_encode_preinit(AVCodecContext *avctx);
 
 int ff_encode_encode_cb(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt,
-                        const AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet);
+                        AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet);
 
 /**
  * Rescale from sample rate to AVCodecContext.time_base.
diff --git a/libavcodec/frame_thread_encoder.c b/libavcodec/frame_thread_encoder.c
index 1faaef522e..35775ae823 100644
--- a/libavcodec/frame_thread_encoder.c
+++ b/libavcodec/frame_thread_encoder.c
@@ -48,7 +48,9 @@ typedef struct{
 
 typedef struct{
     AVCodecContext *parent_avctx;
+#if FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
     pthread_mutex_t buffer_mutex;
+#endif
 
     pthread_mutex_t task_fifo_mutex; /* Used to guard (next_)task_index */
     pthread_cond_t task_fifo_cond;
@@ -68,9 +70,15 @@ typedef struct{
 } ThreadContext;
 
 #define OFF(member) offsetof(ThreadContext, member)
+#if FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
 DEFINE_OFFSET_ARRAY(ThreadContext, thread_ctx, pthread_init_cnt,
                     (OFF(buffer_mutex), OFF(task_fifo_mutex), OFF(finished_task_mutex)),
                     (OFF(task_fifo_cond), OFF(finished_task_cond)));
+#else
+DEFINE_OFFSET_ARRAY(ThreadContext, thread_ctx, pthread_init_cnt,
+                    (OFF(task_fifo_mutex), OFF(finished_task_mutex)),
+                    (OFF(task_fifo_cond),  OFF(finished_task_cond)));
+#endif
 #undef OFF
 
 static void * attribute_align_arg worker(void *v){
@@ -104,9 +112,11 @@ static void * attribute_align_arg worker(void *v){
         pkt   = task->outdata;
 
         ret = ff_encode_encode_cb(avctx, pkt, frame, &task->got_packet);
+#if FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
         pthread_mutex_lock(&c->buffer_mutex);
         av_frame_unref(frame);
         pthread_mutex_unlock(&c->buffer_mutex);
+#endif
         pthread_mutex_lock(&c->finished_task_mutex);
         task->return_code = ret;
         task->finished    = 1;
@@ -114,9 +124,13 @@ static void * attribute_align_arg worker(void *v){
         pthread_mutex_unlock(&c->finished_task_mutex);
     }
 end:
+#if FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
     pthread_mutex_lock(&c->buffer_mutex);
+#endif
     avcodec_close(avctx);
+#if FF_API_THREAD_SAFE_CALLBACKS
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&c->buffer_mutex);
+#endif
     av_freep(&avctx);
     return NULL;
 }